• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.45 no.1 s.142
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• pp.31-36
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• 2006

Inflammation in the brain has known to be associated with the development of a various neurologiacal diseases. The hallmark of neuro-inflammation is the activation of microglia, brain macrophage. Pro-inflammatory compounds including nitric oxide(NO) are the main cause of neuro-degenerative disease such as Alzheimer's disease. In the study, we examined whether Harmonia axyridis extracts inhibit the NO production by a direct method using Griess reagent, western blotting and by RT-PCR(Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reactionin) the gene expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS). Distilled water$(H_2O)$ and methanol(MeOH) extracts of H. axyridis inhibited the protein expression of TNF-a(Tumor Necrosis Factor) and IL-6(Interleukin) in LPS (Lipopolysaccharide) stimulated BV-2 cells at the concentration of 100 ng/ml. Incubation of BV-2 cells with the extracts of $H_2O$ of MeOH inhibited the LPS induced NO and iNOS protein. And this inhibition of iNOS protein is concordant with the inhibition of iNOS mRNA expression. These data suggested that H. axyridis extracts may play a crucial role in inhibiting the NO production.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.48 no.6
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• pp.582-589
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• 2016

The aim of this study was to investigate the synergistic anti-inflammatory and anti-dermatitis effects of grape branch extract (GBE) and Pleurotus eryngii (PEE) combinations on the active immune cells and atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions in mice. The results showed that the combination of GBE ($12.5{\mu}g/mL$) and PEE ($500{\mu}g/mL$) led to much stronger inhibitory effects on the production of inflammatory mediators, such as NO and $PGE_2$ than that exhibited by GBE ($25{\mu}g/mL$) and PEE ($1000{\mu}g/mL$) alone, even at higher concentrations, in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. The combination of GBE and PEE synergistically inhibited the production of TNF- and IL-6 in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages and PMA plus A23187-activated HMC-1 cells. Furthermore, combined GBE and PEE had a stronger ameliorative effect than GBE and PEE alone by inhibiting the clinical sores, IgE, and IL-4 on atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions in mice. Collectively, these results suggested that the combination of GBE and PEE produced a synergistic anti-inflammatory and anti-atopic dermatitis effect on immune cells and atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions in mice.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.183-191
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• 2010

The crude ethanol extracts and their solvent-partitioned fractions derived from the leaf and twig of Viburnum dilatatum Thunb. were investigated for their 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging efficacy. The results showed that the butanol-soluble fraction ($SC_{50}\;=\;110.30\;{\mu}g/mL$) exhibited higher anti-oxidant activity than the crude ethanol extract ($SC_{50}\;=\;117.03\;{\mu}g/mL$) in the DPPH assay model. Then, the effects of the same extract samples on the production of nitric oxide were examined in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. Although the hexane and methylene chloride-soluble fraction showed a weak anti-oxidant activity, they exhibited potent inhibitory activity of NO production above 50 % at a concentration of $10\;{\mu}g/mL$. The hexane-soluble fraction also showed the inhibitory effect on mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory mediators such an TNF-$\alpha$, IL-$1{\beta}$, IL-6, iNOS and COX-2 in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7. These results suggest that the solvent extracts of Viburnum dilatatum Thunb. could be used as an anti-irritation ingredient.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.93-102
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• 2017

In this study, various plant extracts were screened for the effective and safe skin care ingredient according to the antioxidant activity assay guidelines. We selected an optimized combination herbal extract, Charmzone extract (CZE), which composed of Nelumbo nucifera leaves, Saururus chinensis and Orostachys japonica. CZE exerted free radical scavenging activity. It reduced reactive oxygen species formation and increased total antioxidant capacities in human keratinocyte (HaCaT) and normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDF). CZE also leaded procollagen type 1 secretion in NHDF and decreased cellular melanin contents in B16F10. The production of nitric oxide was decreased by CZE in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW264.7 in a dose dependent manner. Therefore, it is concluded that CZE can be applied for naturally derived anti-aging functional skin care ingredient for anti-oxidation, wrinkle enhancement, whitening, anti-inflammation and wound healing of skin.

• Clean Technology
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.185-192
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• 2023

This study was conducted to obtain basic process simulation data before conducting pyrolysis experiments for the development of a thermochemical conversion system by recirculation of heat carrier and gases thereby. In this study, polypropylene (PP) was used as a pyrolysis sample material as an alternative to waste plastics, and fluid sand was used as a heat transfer medium in the system. Manganese (Mn) was chosen as the catalyst for the pyrolysis experiment, and the catalyst pyrolysis was performed by impregnating it in the sand. The basic properties of PP were analyzed using a thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA), and liquid oil was generated through catalytic pyrolysis under a nitrogen atmosphere at 600℃. The carbon number distribution of the generated liquid oil was confirmed by GC/MS analysis. In this study, the effects of the presence and the amount of Mn loading on the yield of liquid oil and the distribution of hydrocarbons in the oil were investigated. When Mn/sand was used, the residue decreased and the oil yield increased compared to pyrolysis using sand alone. In addition, as the Mn loading increased, the ratio of C₆~C₉ range gasoline in the liquid oil gradually increased, and the distribution of diesel and heavy oil with more carbon atoms than C₁₀ in the oil decreased. In conclusion, it was found that using Mn as a catalyst and changing the amount of Mn could increase the yield of liquid oil and increase the gasoline ratio in the product.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.40 no.6
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• pp.1278-1288
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• 2023

Hesperidin(HD) is a a potent antioxidant flavonoid found in various plants. In this study, the recovery of cell death, anti-inflammatory, and melanogenesis inhibitory activities of Hesperidin glucoside (HDG), a water-soluble HD, were compared with HD in vitro. HDG was prepared by an enzymatic glycosylation reaction from HD, and the water solubility of HDG was increased by more than 20,000 times compared to HD. Cell toxicity was significantly lower for HDG than HD. Both HD and HDG increase cell viability in UV damaged HaCaT cells. HD and HDG also reduced an inflammatory mediator such as nitric oxide (NO), and pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in the cells irradiated with UV, and the reducing effect of HDG was slightly higher than that of HD. In the melanogenesis inhibition assay using the Melanoma B16F10 cells, HDG showed a superior inhibitory activity compared to HD. In conclusion, HDG, a glucosylated product of HD with high water solubility showed more than equal ability of cell recovery and anti-inflammatory potential, and higher melanogenesis inhibition activity compared to HD in vitro.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.15 no.5 s.72
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• pp.703-706
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is to investigate the combined effect of L-arginine supplementation and regular physical exercise on HR, BP, eNOS and Macrophage activation using SHR. To examine the differences among HR, BP, eNOS, and Macrophage activity levels, normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats were used as a control. Thirty two male rats (six weeks old) were divided into four groups; eight WKY control (WKYC), eight SHR control (SHRC), eight SHR supplemented with L-arginine (SHRA), and eight SHR trained and supplemented with L-arginine (SHRTA). Obtained results were as follows : In the heart and blood pressure, there was significant differences anong the four group (p<.05) compare to SHRC. In the eNOS levels, there was significant differences among the four groups (p<.05) compare to SHRC. In the macrophage activity, there was significant differences among the four groups (p<.05) compare to SHRC. In conclusion, For the SHRC group, the level of eNOS is higher than that of WKYC, and we can expect tissue damage caused by toxic free radical. However, this can be stabilized by the L-arginine supplementation and regular physical training. we can also conclude regular aerobic training decrease cardiovascular stress caused by stabled macrophage activity. Therefore, we can trace it is the effect of training in SHR.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.61 no.2
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• pp.181-186
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• 2018

In this study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory activity of berberine using human monocytes. Infection of Propionibacterium acnes induced the production of nitric oxide (NO) and the pro-inflammatory cytokines such as, $TNF-{\alpha}$, IL-8 and $IL-1{\beta}$ in THP-1 monocytic cells. However, when berberine was supplemented in these P. acnes-induced THP-1 cells, the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and NO was significantly reduced. We also analyzed signaling pathways of the antiinflammatory function of berberine and found that berberine suppressed the phosphorylation of ERK1/2, JNK and p38 and the expression and nuclear translocation of $NF-{\kappa}B$ p65 in the P. acnes-induced cells. From these results, we concluded that berberine can effectively exert the anti-inflammatory activity via suppressing the $NF-{\kappa}B$ and mitogen-activated protein kinases signaling pathways in human monocytes. Moreover, these results suggest the feasibility of developing natural therapeutics using berberine for the treatment of P. acnes-induced inflammatory diseases.

• Polymer(Korea)
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.457-463
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• 2014

In this study, the changes in the chemical structure and the physical property of fluoropolymer films (PTFE, FEP, PFA, PVDF, and ETFE) induced by $Co^{60}$ gamma ray in air, $N_2$, and vacuum environments were investigated. FTIR spectra of the irradiated fluoropolymers indicate that the oxidation proceeded by the reaction of radicals generated by irradiation with oxygen in air. The changes in the heat of fusion and the degree of crystallinity of the irradiated fluoropolymers were investigated using DSC and the results indicate that the scission and crosslinking reactions of the irradiated fluoropolymers were largely influenced by the chemical structure. It was also found that the mechanical property of the irradiated fluoropolymer films under an air atmosphere was significantly decreased.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.661-666
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• 2016

In this study, a linear accelerator (LINAC) through 3 Gy of radiation per body irradiated mice of the small intestine and the liver to produce in order to protect the cells after radiation exposure that caspase (caspase 3 &caspase 9) and NO (nitric oxide), and looked like to know cytokine of IL-6 and TNF-${\alpha}$, the result is as follows. First, caspase 3 & caspase 9 showed a noticeable increase in the radiation group than in the control group both small intestine and liver tissues (P <0.001). Second, NO are both intestine and liver tissue showed a marked increase in the radiation group than in the control group (P <0.001). Third, one of Cytokine IL-6 and TNF-${\alpha}$ showed a significant increase in the irradiated group than the control group both small intestine and liver tissues (P <0.001).