• Journal of Christian Education in Korea
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• v.69
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• pp.139-162
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• 2022

This study verified the effect of learning motivation on immersion by non-face-to-face class method. For this purpose, 101 college students majoring in early childhood education were selected as research subjects. The average age of the study subjects was 22.6 years old, and 51 students took non-real-time non-face-to-face classes, and 50 students took real-time non-face-to-face classes. The study measured the level of immersion and the type of learning motivation after the non-face-to-face class was finished. The measured data were analyzed using descriptive statistical analysis and multiple regression analysis. As a result, in the results for all students, the performance approach goal had the most influence on immersion, and the mastery goal orientation had the next effect. Performance avoidance orientation had no effect. For students in non-face-to-face classes, performance approach goal orientation had an effect on immersion, and for students in real-time non-face-to-face classes, mastery goal orientation had an effect. The implications that can be obtained from the results of this study are as follows. First, non-real-time non-face-to-face classes should cover basic knowledge and skills so that there are no mistakes and failures. Second, non-real-time non-face-to-face classes should allow tasks with appropriate difficulty to be performed with a deadline. Third, real-time non-face-to-face classes should lower the fear of mistakes and failures.

• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.517-532
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• 2022

As a result of the this exploratory study the main results show that the factors affecting the satisfaction of non-face-to-face class learning of graduate students in Education were social presence, perceived easy to use, and information service quality. Secondly, the factors affecting the learning persistence were perceived usefulness and social presence, but perceived usefulness's influence was relatively small. Next, it was found that the subjective satisfaction of graduate students of education did not significantly affect their intention to continue learning persistence. Lastly, learning satisfaction and learning persistence had a positive effect on the intention to recommend to others. Through the this empirical analysitics study it demonstrate the factors such as attitudes, feelings, and friendliness toward non-face-to-face online classes perceived by graduate students in Education.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.91-100
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• 2023

This study is a case study comparing and examining the effects of non-face-to-face(NFTF) classes in the 2021-2 semester and face-to-face(FTF) classes in the 2022-2 semester on learning immersion, learning stress, and learning satisfaction. The learning immersion and learning satisfaction of 240 students were analyzed in NFTF and FTF classes of department S of C junior college where the same textbook, same subject, and same professor were taught. For data processing, SPSS Ver. 23.0 was used. The data is used to measure reliability by Cronbach's α, t-test, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and multiple regression analysis. The results of this study are as follows. First, learners' learning immersion was higher in FTF than NFTF classes among engineering major subjects. Second, it was found that there was a difference in learning stress according to the types of FTF and NFTF classes in engineering major subjects. Third, it was found that there were differences in practice content, communication, and task performance of sub-factors of learning satisfaction according to FTF and NFTF class types in engineering major subjects. In conclusion, it was found that FTF classes had a more positive effect on learning immersion and satisfaction, and NFTF classes had a more negative effect on learning stress.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.460-479
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• 2021

The crisis of the COVID-19 pandemic has caused significant changes in education systems worldwide, including in Korea. Due to COVID-19's social distancing policies, the education system was suddenly switched to distance learning, resulting in many problems in primary schools without preparation. The purpose of this study was to investigate a teacher's awareness of science education techniques, responses to issues in science classes, including inquiry activities, advantages and disadvantages, and roles after experiencing distance learning. Survey and focus interviews were conducted for primary school teachers who had previously participated in distance learning, such as online content classes and real-time interactive classes. The study findings showed three conclusions: 1) Primary school teachers conducted one-way and interactive lectures in online classes. It is vital to improve a teacher's digital literacy to improve other teaching methods such as investigation and discussion in online classes. 2) Primary school teachers acknowledged the challenges of field feedback, inquiry item preparations, and safety in inquiry activities of science classes, by providing individual experimental packages and videos and using online discussion and feedback among teacher - student and student - student interactions. 3) Primary school teachers recognized that various types of classes using IT devices and individualized learning were possible as advantages of distance learning. As for disadvantages, it was acknowledged that inquiry activities, cooperative learning, immediate feedback, and interaction among students were challenging. Furthermore, learning gaps were wider in distance learning.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.58 no.1
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• pp.225-254
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• 2024

The study aims to understand undergraduates' and graduate students' perceptions and satisfaction with online learning platforms and to verify the relationship between usability factors and satisfaction with online courses. The literature review facilitated the summarization of major factors to be considered in the online learning platform development process and established the research model. The follow-up survey verified the perceptions of university constituents regarding the fulfillment of the university online learning platforms' user interface principles, platforms' usability, satisfaction with platforms, and satisfaction with online courses. Causal relationships between variables were tested and modeled by analyzing survey results. We also confirmed that the same model can be applied to different types of learners and various types of online learning methods. This study is significant in verifying that the fulfillment of the platforms' user interface design principles can affect satisfaction with online courses using the platforms based on learners' evaluation results. We expect that the research model proposed in this study can contribute to the improvement and development of online learning environments in the future.

• Advanced Industrial SCIence
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.39-44
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• 2023

The purpose of this study is to compare the performance and satisfaction of online classes and non-face-to-face mixed classes at universities during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study was conductedtargeted fourth-grade students taking adult nursing lectures at the Department of Nursing at one university. Class performance and class satisfaction were compared between students who participated in the non-face-to-face class and participated in the non-face-to-face mixed class. class performance, students' average scores out of 100 on the final exams were compared. Class satisfaction compared the average score of questionnaire on class satisfaction Class performance was high in online classes, Class satisfaction was higher in mixed classes than in non-face-to-face classes. In the future, it will be necessary to develop and operate various educational methods for university education in the post-COVID-19 era.

• 한국벤처창업학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2021.04a
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• pp.79-83
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• 2021

2020년 2월 중순 이루 코로나 바이러스 2019(Covid-19)로 인하여 정부의 기술창업기업 지원 방식도 전반적으로 기존의 대면 방식에서 비대면 방식으로 전환하여 현재까지 대부분 진행되어 오고 있다. 창업기업에 대한 멘토링은 특히 멘티인 창업자와 멘토가 기존에 알고 있는 관계가 아닌 대부분 처음 만나는 관계의 확률이 높음에 따라 사전에 상호간에 라포(Rapport)가 형성되지 않은 상태에서 멘토링이 이루어진다. 이로 인해 Rapport가 형성이 안된 상태에서는 서로 호감을 느끼거나, 나아가 공감대 형성, 그리고 터놓고 이야기 하여, 서로 간의 대화가 충분히 감정적으로나 이성적으로 이해하기가 어려운 경우가 대부분이다. 이러한 경우에는 충분한 멘토링이 어려울 것으로 예상할 수 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 창업 멘토링의 특수성을 감안해 볼 때 정부 기술창업지원 방식 중 기업의 성과를 높이기 위한 멘토링 과정에서 대면 또는 비대면 방식의 방법 차이가 멘토링 만족도에 영향을 주는 것을 그 목적으로 한다. 본 연구는 창업 기업의 성과를 높이기 위한 중소벤처기업부의 도약패키지 사업 중 2019년과 2020년의 제품 아카데미 사업에 참여한 283명을 대면 방식이었던 2019년 211명과 비대면 방식이었던 2020년 72명의 창업 기업 멘티들의 학습 과정에서 발생하는 배운 내용을 실천하고자 하는 학습 전이 효과 경로에 차이가 발생하는 지에 대하여 분석하였다. 자기 기입 설문 방식으로 인해 발생할 수 있는 동일방법편의를 해결하고자 구조화된 설문지 구성할 때부터 응답자의 일관성 동기를 줄이려고 하였고, 통계분석 단계에서도 다수이 방법으로 측정하는 일반 CFA 모형을 활용하였다. 실증 분석결과 비대면 방식의 창업 멘토링 방식을 학습 전이 효과 경로 결과에 있어서 조절효과가 있음을 유의한 통계적 결과고 확인하고, 사후 검증을 통해 볼 때 등분산 가정이 되지 않은 상황에서 차이가 있음을 통계적으로 유의하게 나타났다.

• Journal of Christian Education in Korea
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• v.66
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• pp.343-382
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• 2021

This study is a case study in which the interactive non-face-to-face classes using Edutech were applied to the Department of Christian Education. The subjects were 20 students from the Christian education department of A University located in the metropolitan area. The course was 'Instructional Methods and Educational Technology' in the first semester of 2020. In theory, I studied non-face-to-face classes and interaction, and edutech and interaction. Afterward, it designed and developed interactive non-face-to-face classes using edutech. The interactive non-face-to-face classes using edutech were developed as a process of applying Flipped-PBL based interactive edutech. In addition, Edutech was selected for active interaction according to the Flipped-PBL process to be carried out in a non-face-to-face situation. In particular, in the process of developing the problem of PBL, it was built around the situation of the church. As a result of applying the class, first, learners showed high satisfaction and interest in the class. Second, positive transference appeared in the space of learning and the space of living. Third, interactive non-face-to-face classes using Edutech have generated active interaction. In particular, interactive edutech and learning methods have become the main factors enabling active interaction. Through this, learners have improved learning efficiency, immersion, and satisfaction. Also, as an alternative to face-to-face classes, I was able to experience online classes. In other words, the satisfaction and interest of learning, and the transference of learning space, were also possible through active interactions generated through learning methods using interactive Edutech used in class. Furthermore, disabilities in the online communication(Internet) environment and learners' unfamiliarity with the online environment have been found as factors that hinder learning satisfaction and interaction. During learning, obstacles to the online communication environment hinder the utilization of interactive Edutech, preventing active interactions from occurring. This results in diminishing satisfaction and interest in learning. Therefore, we find that designing interactive non-face-to-face classes using Edutech requires sufficient learner learning and checking of the online communication(Internet) environment in advance for Edutech and learning methods. In response, this study confirmed the possibility by applying interactive non-face-to-face classes using Edutech to Christian education classes as an alternative method of education that allows active interaction and consistent transference of learning and life. Although it is a case study with limited duration and limitations of the number of people, I would like to present the possibility as an alternative Christian education method of an era where the direction of online classes should be presented as an alternative to a face-to-face class.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2021.11a
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• pp.1223-1226
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• 2021

본 논문은 비대면 한국어 회화 시험 연습용 안드로이드 애플리케이션을 제안한다. 한국어 학습에 대한 수요가 증가함에 따라 효과적인 한국어 회화 학습을 위해선 시·공간의 제약이 없는 학습 환경에서 사용자에게 구체적인 평가 지표를 제공할 필요성이 있다. 본 연구는 자연어 처리 기술을 활용하여 사용자의 한국어 회화 능력을 평가하는 알고리즘과 개인의 취약점을 보완할 수 있는 비대면 학습 플랫폼을 제시하였다는데 의의가 있다. 본 논문의 결과를 통해 회화 학습의 비용을 절감하고, 효율적인 언택트 학습 지원이 가능할 것으로 기대한다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
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• 2022.01a
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• pp.395-397
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• 2022

대면 수업에서와 유사한 교수자와 학습자, 학습자들 사이의 상호작용을 통하여 지식습득뿐만 아니라 문제해결능력, 창의적 사고력, 협동학습능력을 양성하기 위해 프로그램 개발 수업에 팀 프로젝트 수업을 적용하여 운영하였다. 수업 운영 후 참여 학생들을 대상으로 만족도 설문을 실시하여 비대면 팀 프로젝트 수업에 대한 만족도와 수업에서 만족하는 부분 그리고 불만족한 경우에 그 원인에 대해 조사하고 분석하였다. 연구 결과 분석된 개선 사항을 차년도 수업에 반영함으로써 팀 프로젝트 수업에 대한 학습자들의 만족도를 향상시키는데 연구의 목적을 둔다.