• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.34-38
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• 2017

Myelophycus simplex Papenfuss, a type of brown algae, is known to be majorly distributed in along the southern coast of Korea and Japan. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of M. simplex Papenfuss methanol extract (MSPME) on melanogenesis in ${\alpha}$-melanocyte-stimulating hormone-stimulated B16F10 melanoma cells. Melanin contents of B16F10 melanoma cells were decreased by 27, 41, and 59% in a dose-dependent manner, upon MSPME treatment at 100, 300, and $500{\mu}g/mL$, respectively. Tyrosinase activities in B16F10 melanoma cells were decreased by 18, 49, and 61% in a dose-dependent manner, upon MSPME treatment at 100, 300, and $500{\mu}g/mL$, respectively. MSPME suppressed expression of tyrosinase, tyrosinase-related protein-1, tyrosinase-related protein-2, and melanocyte-inducing transcription factor in B16F10 melanoma cells. Concentration of $50{\mu}g/mL$ of MSPME especially induced greater decreases in tyrosinase activity, melanin contents, and melanogenic enzyme protein expressions. This results indicate that MSPME inhibits melanin synthesis and tyrosinase activity, and M. simplex Papenfuss extract may be an ideal candidate as a skin whitening agent.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.61 no.3
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• pp.267-273
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• 2018

Matricaria chamomilla L. has been used as a bath agent in Europe because of its sterilization effect on the skin. Flowers contain terpenes, flavonoids are effective in relieving inflammation. Matricaria chamomilla L. has been reported to have various drug efficacies such as sedation, anti-diabetic effect and anti-arthritic effect, but there is little research on the scientific efficacy of whitening effect. The purpose of this study was to examine the whitening effect of Matricaria chamomilla L. extract and to investigate the mechanism of inhibition of melanogenesis. The extracts were used to determine tyrosinase inhibitory activity. The tyrosinase inhibitory activity of extracts was ineffective for water extract but in 60% ethanol extract was shown in a concentration-dependent manner. B16F10 melanoma cell was measured using a powder obtained by lyophilization of 60% ethanol extract. The toxicity was observed at a concentration of $75{\mu}g/mL$. And concentration range was selected to be at most $50{\mu}g/mL$. The effect of tyrosinase, MITF, TRP-1 and TRP-2 on the expression of melanin protein was investigated in melanoma cells of B16F10 melanoma cells. As a result, it was confirmed that as the concentration of the extract increased, the melanogenesis level decreased and the protein expression level also decreased in a concentration dependent manner. Therefore, it was concluded that Matricaria chamomilla L. extract inhibited melanogenesis in cells. Based on the above results, it is expected that it will be used as a useful basic data for industrialization of whitening functional food of Matricaria chamomilla L.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.101-107
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• 2022

In this research, the anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antiaging, and skin whitening properties of pulp and seed extracts of passion fruit were studied. The result of the primary skin irritation test using a skin-attached patch determined the skin irritation index to be 0.00 for the passion fruit extract. In addition, RAW 264.7 macrophages produce NO by stimulation of lipopolysaccharides, and the application of extracts to this resulted in significantly lower NOs, confirming the excellent anti-inflammatory properties of passion fruit extracts. The 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl test further confirmed that the passion fruit extract exhibits a good 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate radical scavenging ability of 5.11% and strong antioxidant properties. The presence of collagen type I in the skin is a measure of aging and various skin diseases. The results obtained from the analysis of the activity of human procollagen I alpha 1 confirmed that the passion fruit extract reduces the synthesis of procollagen. In addition, the skin whitening property of the passion fruit extract was confirmed by the melanin inhibition test, and a sample was obtained that contained more than 2% of arbutin, a whitening agent approved by the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, which is generally present in the form of a white powder and is used as a functional ingredient. This confirms that the whitening efficacy of the passion fruit extract obtained from nature contributes to the development of functional raw materials for cosmetics and food.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.11 no.8
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• pp.212-223
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• 2021

This study has purposes : evaluating how safe the skin is when applied with the Spicules-containing cosmetic, and whether Diamond-spicules is permeated into the skin and showed the efficacy of the active ingredients well. For these aims, women in their 30s and 60s were surveyed for skin irritation and changes after applying cosmetics to their skin for four weeks. As a result, Spicules-containing cosmetics were safer on the skin than general functional cosmetics, and in particular, in the case of cosmetics containing Diamond-spicules, statistically significant results (p<.001) were obtained in improvement of anti-wrinkle, firmness, moisturizing, whitening, alleviation of inflammation, and sensitivity. Thus, It has been proved Diamond-spicules containing functional active ingredients, not only as transdermal delivery system, but also can be used as multifunctional cosmetic material.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.330-336
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• 2010

In this study, a new compound, 1-(2-hydroxy-3,4,5,6-tetramethoxyphenyl)-1-methoxy-3-phenylpropane; (Jeju-Erythrane) was isolated and identified from the bark of Lindera erythrocarpa Makino. Also, we investigated the effects of Jeju-Erythrane on alpha melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH)-induced melanogenesis in mouse B16F10 melanoma cells. The new compound dose dependently inhibited the tyrosinase activity and melanin synthesis in B16F10 cells. The new compound showed inhibitory effect on the Tyrosinase and TRP-1 gene transcription but not on the TRP-2 gene. These results suggest that the new compound of L. erythrocarpa could be used as a functional biomaterial in developing skin whitening agent.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2011.02a
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• pp.259-260
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• 2011

대기압 플라즈마는 멸균과 살균, 지혈, 피부재생, 치아 미백 등 여러 의학 분야를 대상으로 그 효과를 나타내고 있으며, 플라즈마 장비를 만들어 내기 위해 부피가 큰 진공 장비가 필요하지 않다는 점에서 대기압 플라즈마는 그 활용과 효과에 있어 큰 기대를 받고 있다. 대기압에서 플라즈마는 다양한 주파수를 이용하여 만들어져 왔으며, 본 연구실에서 연구하고 있는 수백 MHz-수 GHz 대역의 파워를 사용하는 플라즈마의 경우 대기압 플라즈마를 의학 분야에 사용할 때 만족해야 할 조건들에 만족하는 특성을 보여준다. 기존의 고주파를 사용하는 장비의 경우 추가적인 Matching 장비로 인해 플라즈마를 만들기 위해 큰 장비와 높은 파워가 필요한 단점이 있었다. 하지만 이 마이크로웨이브 장비는 전송선 이론을 기반으로 장비 자체가 구조적인 Matching이 이루어 지도록 설계되었다(그림 1). 즉, 추가적인 Matching 장비의 필요 없이 외부에서 파워를 주는 것만으로 플라즈마를 발생 시킬 수 있으며, 50% 이상의 파워 효율을 보여준다. 또한 그 크기도 손에 쥐고 사용할 수 있을 볼펜 정도의 크기이며, 3W의 정도의 저 전력으로 플라즈마를 발생 시켰다. 높은 에너지를 가지는 전자들은 공급되는 기체뿐만 아니라, 주변 공기와의 반응하여 여러 응용분야에 적합한 활성 종을 다량 만들어내게 된다. 본 연구실의 강점인 플라즈마 시뮬레이션으로 얻은 결과에서 주파수가 올라 갈수록 높은 에너지를 가지는 전자들이 많아지는 것을 보여준다. 그리고 발생시킨 플라즈마의 광학 특성에서도 생의학 분야에 적합한 많은 활성 종들이 발생 되는 것을 확인하였다. 일반적으로 의학 분야에 사용되는 플라즈마의 경우 플라즈마에서 발생하는 열에 의한 피해를 최소화 하는 것이 중요하다. 마이크로웨이브 플라즈마의 경우, 그 플라즈마의 온도가 50$50^{\circ}$C 미만으로 의학 분야에 사용하기 적합하다. 또한 구동 주파수가 올라갈수록 플라즈마를 유지하는데 필요한 전압이 상대적으로 낮아지게 되는데, 이는 전기적 쇼크 등 플라즈마 의용에서 발생하는 안전성 문제에 있어서도 마이크로 웨이브 장비가 좋은 점이다. 본 플라즈마 장비를 구동하기 위한 손바닥 크기 정도의 소형의 전용 파워 장치를 개발함으로써 저전력 소형 플라즈마 장치를 개발하는 것을 목표로 하고 있다. 마이크로 웨이브 장비는 여러 가지 분야에서 그 효과를 검증 받았다. 혈액 응고 실험에서 30초 정도의 짧은 처리만으로도 자연 응고에 비해 탁월한 지혈 효과를 보여줬다 (그림 2). 충치를 발생시키는 대표적인 구강균인 S.mutans의 살균 실험에서 Ti02와의 복합적인 처리를 통해 30초 미만의 처리로 처리하지 않은 것에 비해 10-6 만큼의 줄어드는 살균 효과를 보여줬다. 뿐만 아니라 치아의 미백에 있어서도 탁월한 효과를 나타냈다. 현재 본연구실에서는 마이크로 웨이브 장비의 기본적인 구조를 응용하여, 좀더 넓은 영역을 처리할 수 있는 대면적 마이크로 웨이브 장비를 위한 연구를 수행 중이다.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.173-180
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• 2015

In the present study, antioxidant activities and tyrosinase inhibition of Perilla frutescens, Houttuynia cordata and Camellia sinensis extracts and the extract mixtures (PHC) were investigated. PHC showed 80.2% and 98.0% of free radical scavenging activity in DPPH and ABTS analysis, respectively, and 50% tyrosinase inhibition in $1000{\mu}g/mL$ concentration. HaCaT cells did not show cell toxicity in $100{\mu}g/mL$ of the PHC. Furthermore, HaCaT cell viability by co-culture with extract H. cordata was increased more than 10% compared with untreated cells. However, the cell viability was decreased in $500{\mu}g/mL$ of the extract C. sinensis and the PHC. These results suggested that about $100{\mu}g/mL$ concentration of the PHC showed proper tyrosinase inhibitory effect and antioxidant activities. The PHC could be used as multifunctional cosmeceutical agents.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.159-166
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• 2013

In order to develop new skin whitening agents, we prepared the EtOAc layer (AJE) after enzyme treatment of 75% EtOH extract of the Alnus Japonica Steud. We measured their tyrosinase inhibitory activity in vitro and melanin synthesis inhibitory activity in B16-F1 melanoma cells. They did not show inhibitory activity against mushroom tyrosinase but showed melanin synthesis inhibitory activity in a dose-dependent manner. In a melanin synthesis inhibition assay, AJE suppressed melanin production up to 52% at a concentration of $40{\mu}g/mL$. To elucidate the mechanism of the inhibitory effects of AJE on melanogenesis, we measured expression of melanogenesis-related proteins by the western blot assay. As a result, AJE suppressed the expression of tyrosinase related protein 1 (TRP-1) and microphthalmia associated transcription factor (MITF). Moreover, AJE increased the expression of phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (p-ERK). These results conclude that ERK activation by AJE reduces melanin synthesis via MITF downregulation and is subsequent to the inhibition of TRP-1 expression. Therefore, we suggest that AJE could be used as active ingredients for skin whitening.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.19-24
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• 2013

To investigate the efficacy of enzymatic extract of Ecklonia cava and its polyphenol extract (AG-DK) as cosmetic ingredients, the anti-oxidative effect, anti-glycation effect, anti-melanogenic effect, and anti-inflammatory effect of the extracts were evaluated in vitro. The enzymatic extract of E. cava ($SC_{50}$ 42.9 ppm) and AG-DK ($SC_{50}$ 6.4 ppm) showed a strong DPPH free radical scavenging activity. The anti-glycation ability of the enzymatic extract of E. cava and AG-DK was tested using bovine serum albumin (BSA), which inhibited the formation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) in the BSA/glucose system. The enzymatic extract of E. cava ($IC_{50}$ 97.2 ppm) and AG-DK ($IC_{50}$ 7 ppm) had inhibitory effects on tyrosinase activity. Moreover, the enzymatic extract of E. cava and AG-DK had an anti-inflammatory effect through the inhibition of nitricoxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 ($PGE_2$). These findings suggest that the enzymatic extract of E. cava and AG-DK can be applied to skin-care products as cosmetic ingredients.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.73-83
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• 2015

Dendropanax morbifera Leveille (Araliaceae) is an endemic species growing in the south-western part of South Korea and has been used in folk medicine. However, the effects of Dendropanax morbifera Lev. on skin biology remain to be elucidated. In this study, we isolated 1-tetradecanol and ${\beta}$-sitosterol from the n-hexane fraction of Dendropanax mobifera Lev. and To investigate the whitening effect of the fraction, we tested the inhibition of tyrosinase activity of 1-tetradecanol. The results show that the inhibitory effect of the 1-tetradecanol was higher than water extract and n-hexane fraction. And 1-tetradecanol significantly reduced melanin contents of B16F10 cells compared to more than water extract and n-haxane fraction dose-dependantly without cell cytotoxicitiy (below $100{\mu}g/mL$). We also investigated the skin moisturizing effect using HR-1 hairless mice. The transepidermal water loss (TEWL) in the 1-tetradecanol treated group was significantly smaller than that in the other groups. To investigate the effect of the preventing hair loss by ${\beta}$-sitosterol, we observed HR-1 hairless mice through periodic growth feature. The results suggest that hair loss of mice by ${\beta}$-sitosterol was delayed and it's hair density showed the highest. These data provide evidence that Dendropanax morbifera Lev. may be a potent candidate for the improvement of both skin whitening, moisturizing and alopecia from the point of cosmetic industry view.