• Title/Summary/Keyword: 논문 리뷰

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Biogeochemistry of Methane in Water and Sediment: Methane Generation in Coastal Areas with Bottom Water Hypoxia (메탄의 생지화학적 거동과 한국 연안해역 저(빈)산소 층 발달에 따른 메탄 생성)

  • DONGJOO JOUNG
    • The Sea:JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF OCEANOGRAPHY
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    • v.28 no.3
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    • pp.95-120
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    • 2023
  • Methane (CH4) is a key greenhouse gas in the atmosphere with 85 times greater greenhouse potent relative to carbon dioxide (CO2). The atmospheric concentration of CH4 is rapidly increasing due to the intensive usage of CH4 and the thawing of the cryosphere. Additionally, with the current warming of ocean water, the dissociation of gas hydrates, an ice-like compound and the largest reservoir of CH4 on Earth, is expected to occur, resulting in the release of CH4 from the seafloor into the overlying water and atmosphere. Moreover, bottom water hypoxia is another concern that potentially introduces greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. With ongoing global warming and eutrophication, the size and duration of bottom water hypoxia are rapidly increasing. These low-oxygen conditions would relocate the redox zone shallower in sediment or in the water column, causing the release of CH4 into the atmosphere and thereby intensifying global warming. However, there exists a gap in the understanding of CH4 dynamics including its generation in relation to bottom water hypoxia. Therefore, this review article aims to understand the relationship between CH4 and bottom water hypoxia and to draw attention to CH4 investigation in Korea.

Analysis of Research Trends in New Drug Development with Artificial Intelligence Using Text Mining (텍스트 마이닝을 이용한 인공지능 활용 신약 개발 연구 동향 분석)

  • Jae Woo Nam;Young Jun Kim
    • Journal of Life Science
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    • v.33 no.8
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    • pp.663-679
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    • 2023
  • This review analyzes research trends related to new drug development using artificial intelligence from 2010 to 2022. This analysis organized the abstracts of 2,421 studies into a corpus, and words with high frequency and high connection centrality were extracted through preprocessing. The analysis revealed a similar word frequency trend between 2010 and 2019 to that between 2020 and 2022. In terms of the research method, many studies using machine learning were conducted from 2010 to 2020, and since 2021, research using deep learning has been increasing. Through these studies, we investigated the trends in research on artificial intelligence utilization by field and the strengths, problems, and challenges of related research. We found that since 2021, the application of artificial intelligence has been expanding, such as research using artificial intelligence for drug rearrangement, using computers to develop anticancer drugs, and applying artificial intelligence to clinical trials. This article briefly presents the prospects of new drug development research using artificial intelligence. If the reliability and safety of bio and medical data are ensured, and the development of the above artificial intelligence technology continues, it is judged that the direction of new drug development using artificial intelligence will proceed to personalized medicine and precision medicine, so we encourage efforts in that field.

Systemic literature review on the impact of government financial support on innovation in private firms (정부의 기술혁신 재정지원 정책효과에 대한 체계적 문헌연구)

  • Ahn, Joon Mo
    • Journal of Technology Innovation
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    • v.30 no.1
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    • pp.57-104
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    • 2022
  • The government has supported the innovation of private firms by intervening the market for various purposes, such as preventing market failure, alleviating information asymmetry, and allocating resources efficiently. Although the government's R&D budget increased rapidly in the 2000s, it is not clear whether the government intervention has made desirable impact on the market. To address this, the current study attempts to explore this issue by doing a systematic literature review on foreign and domestic papers in an integrated way. In total, 168 studies are analyzed using contents analysis approach and various lens, such as policy additionality, policy tools, firm size, unit of analysis, data and method, are adopted for analysis. Overlapping policy target, time lag between government intervention and policy effects, non-linearity of financial supports, interference between different polices, and out-dated R&D tax incentive system are reported as factors hampering the effect of the government intervention. Many policy prescriptions, such as program evaluation indices reflecting behavioral additionality, an introduction of policy mix and evidence-based policy using machine learning, are suggested to improve these hurdles.

A Review of Quantitative Landslide Susceptibility Analysis Methods Using Physically Based Modelling (물리사면모델을 활용한 정량적 산사태 취약성 분석기법 리뷰)

  • Park, Hyuck-Jin;Lee, Jung-Hyun
    • The Journal of Engineering Geology
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    • v.32 no.1
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    • pp.27-40
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    • 2022
  • Every year landslides cause serious casualties and property damages around the world. As the accurate prediction of landslides is important to reduce the fatalities and economic losses, various approaches have been developed to predict them. Prediction methods can be divided into landslide susceptibility analysis, landslide hazard analysis and landslide risk analysis according to the type of the conditioning factors, the predicted level of the landslide dangers, and whether the expected consequence cased by landslides were considered. Landslide susceptibility analyses are mainly based on the available landslide data and consequently, they predict the likelihood of landslide occurrence by considering factors that can induce landslides and analyzing the spatial distribution of these factors. Various qualitative and quantitative analysis techniques have been applied to landslide susceptibility analysis. Recently, quantitative susceptibility analyses have predominantly employed the physically based model due to high predictive capacity. This is because the physically based approaches use physical slope model to analyze slope stability regardless of prior landslide occurrence. This approach can also reproduce the physical processes governing landslide occurrence. This review examines physically based landslide susceptibility analysis approaches.

Battery Module Bonding Technology for Electric Vehicles (전기자동차 배터리 모듈 접합 기술 리뷰)

  • Junghwan Bang;Shin-Il Kim;Yun-Chan Kim;Dong-Yurl Yu;Dongjin Kim;Tae-Ik Lee;Min-Su Kim;Jiyong Park
    • Journal of the Microelectronics and Packaging Society
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    • v.30 no.2
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    • pp.33-42
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    • 2023
  • Throughout all industries, eco-friendliness is being promoted worldwide with focus on suppressing the environmental impact. With recent international environment policies and regulations supported by government, the electric vehicles demand is expected to increase rapidly. Battery system itself perform an essential role in EVs technology that is arranged in cells, modules, and packs, and each of them are connected mechanically and electrically. A multifaceted approach is necessary for battery pack bonding technologies. In this paper, pros and cons of applicable bonding technologies, such as resistance welding, laser and ultrasonic bonding used in constructing electric vehicle battery packs were compared. Each bonding technique has different advantages and limitations. Therefore, several criteria must be considered when determining which bonding technology is suitable for a battery cell. In particular, the shape and production scale of battery cells are seen as important factors in selecting a bonding method. While dealing with the types and components of battery cells, package bonding technologies and general issues, we will review suitable bonding technologies and suggest future directions.

Big data analysis on NAVER Smart Store and Proposal for Sustainable Growth Plan for Small Business Online Shopping Mall (네이버 스마트스토어에 대한 빅데이터 분석 및 소상공인 온라인쇼핑몰 지속성장 방안 제안)

  • Hyeon-Moon Chang;Seon-Ju Kim;Chae-Woon Kim;Ji-Il Seo;Kyung-Ho Lee
    • The Journal of Bigdata
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    • v.7 no.2
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    • pp.153-172
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    • 2022
  • Online shopping has transformed and rapidly grown the entire market at the forefront of wholesale and retail services as an effective solution to issues such as digital transformation and social distancing policy (COVID-19 pandemic). Small business owners, who form the majority at the center of the online shopping industry, are constantly collecting policy changes and market trend information to overcome these problems and use them for marketing and other sales activities in order to overcome these problems and continue to grow. Objective and refined information that is more closely related to the business is also needed. Therefore, in this paper, through the collection and analysis of big data information, which is the core technology of digital transformation, key variables are set in product classification, sales trends, consumer preferences, and review information of online shopping malls, and a method of using them for competitor comparison analysis and business sustainability evaluation has been prepared and we would like to propose it as a service. If small and medium-sized businesses can benchmark competitors or excellent businesses based on big data and identify market trends and consumer tendencies, they will clearly recognize their level and position in business and voluntarily strive to secure higher competitiveness. In addition, if the sustainable growth of the online shopping mall operator can be confirmed as an indicator, more efficient policy establishment and risk management can be expected because it has an improved measurement method.

Plant Viruses and Viral Host Plants Newly Reported in South Korea in 2020-2022 (2020-2022년 국내에서 새롭게 보고된 식물바이러스 및 기주 식물)

  • Myung-Hwi Kim;Seok-Yeong Jang;Ji-Soo Choi;Hee-Seong Byun;Hae-Ryun Kwak;Su-Heon Lee;Jang-Kyun Seo
    • Research in Plant Disease
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    • v.29 no.2
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    • pp.108-117
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    • 2023
  • With the development of advanced virus diagnostic technologies, numerous viruses, including novel viruses, have been identified explosively from various biological samples around the world over the last decade. For plant viruses, approximately 376 novel viruses have been reported in the last three years. Information on the occurrence and host ranges of plant viral diseases in a particular country or region is very important for diagnosis, quarantine, and control of the viral diseases. Recently, based on active research on the diagnosis and identification of plant viruses, a significant number of newly occurring viruses and new viral host plants have been reported in South Korea. This review paper provides integrated information on plant viruses and viral host plants newly reported in South Korea between 2020 and 2022 to help diagnose, control, and quarantine plant virus diseases in crop fields.

A Review on the Bonding Characteristics of SiCN for Low-temperature Cu Hybrid Bonding (저온 Cu 하이브리드 본딩을 위한 SiCN의 본딩 특성 리뷰)

  • Yeonju Kim;Sang Woo Park;Min Seong Jung;Ji Hun Kim;Jong Kyung Park
    • Journal of the Microelectronics and Packaging Society
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    • v.30 no.4
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    • pp.8-16
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    • 2023
  • The importance of next-generation packaging technologies is being emphasized as a solution as the miniaturization of devices reaches its limits. To address the bottleneck issue, there is an increasing need for 2.5D and 3D interconnect pitches. This aims to minimize signal delays while meeting requirements such as small size, low power consumption, and a high number of I/Os. Hybrid bonding technology is gaining attention as an alternative to conventional solder bumps due to their limitations such as miniaturization constraints and reliability issues in high-temperature processes. Recently, there has been active research conducted on SiCN to address and enhance the limitations of the Cu/SiO2 structure. This paper introduces the advantages of Cu/SiCN over the Cu/SiO2 structure, taking into account various deposition conditions including precursor, deposition temperature, and substrate temperature. Additionally, it provides insights into the core mechanisms of SiCN, such as the role of Dangling bonds and OH groups, and the effects of plasma surface treatment, which explain the differences from SiO2. Through this discussion, we aim to ultimately present the achievable advantages of applying the Cu/SiCN hybrid bonding structure.

GPT-enabled SNS Sentence writing support system Based on Image Object and Meta Information (이미지 객체 및 메타정보 기반 GPT 활용 SNS 문장 작성 보조 시스템)

  • Dong-Hee Lee;Mikyeong Moon;Bong-Jun, Choi
    • Journal of the Institute of Convergence Signal Processing
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    • v.24 no.3
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    • pp.160-165
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    • 2023
  • In this study, we propose an SNS sentence writing assistance system that utilizes YOLO and GPT to assist users in writing texts with images, such as SNS. We utilize the YOLO model to extract objects from images inserted during writing, and also extract meta-information such as GPS information and creation time information, and use them as prompt values for GPT. To use the YOLO model, we trained it on form image data, and the mAP score of the model is about 0.25 on average. GPT was trained on 1,000 blog text data with the topic of 'restaurant reviews', and the model trained in this study was used to generate sentences with two types of keywords extracted from the images. A survey was conducted to evaluate the practicality of the generated sentences, and a closed-ended survey was conducted to clearly analyze the survey results. There were three evaluation items for the questionnaire by providing the inserted image and keyword sentences. The results showed that the keywords in the images generated meaningful sentences. Through this study, we found that the accuracy of image-based sentence generation depends on the relationship between image keywords and GPT learning contents.

A review of transient storage modeling for analyzing one-dimensional non-fickian solute transport in rivers (1차원 Non-Fickian 하천혼합 해석을 위한 하천 저장대 모델링 연구 동향)

  • Kim, Byunguk;Seo, Il Won;Kim, Jun Song;Noh, Hyoseob
    • Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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    • v.57 no.4
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    • pp.263-276
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    • 2024
  • Since the first introduction of one-dimensional transient storage modeling in the field of solute transport analysis in rivers, its application has notably expanded for various purposes, including for hydrology and geobiology over the past few decades. Despite strides in refining transient storage models, there remain unresolved challenges in simplifying complex river transport dynamics into concise formulas and a limited set of parameters. This review paper is dedicated to cataloging and assessing existing transient storage models, outlining the difficulties associated with model structures, parameters, and data, and suggesting directions for future research. We seek to enhance understanding of transient storage by highlighting the importance of continuously evaluating residence time distribution modeling, integrating hydrodynamic models, and using data with minimal assumptions. This paper would contribute to advance our comprehension of the transient storage process, offering insights into sophisticated modeling techniques, pinpointing uncertainty in parameters, and suggesting the necessary avenues for further study.