• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.1541-1550
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• 2012

The study examines entrepreneurial motivation and maintenance factors of independent publication, a rising business in the current digital era. Focusing on a case of independent publication which has been successful, this research discloses that personal attributes and backgrounds of individuals are the main factors to motivate them to establish businesses. Personal attributes include desire for achievement, self-control, risk-taking inclination, and etc., and personal backgrounds contain educational background, work experiences in the same line of business, social network, and etc. Moreover, this research also discovers that both intrinsic reward indicating the belief that the individuals will be able to publish the books which they want, and extrinsic reward as market profits are the main maintenance factors. This case study will contribute to developing the education and consulting programs for independent publication entrepreneurship and the related policies.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.12 no.12
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• pp.77-85
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• 2014

This study investigate the youth perceived importance of entrepreneurship education program on the self leadership strategy. The findings are as follows: First, the creativity category of entrepreneurship education were positively related with behavior focused self leadership, natural reward self leadership strategy and constructive thought self leadership. Second, the management category of entrepreneurship education were positively related with natural reward self leadership strategy. Third, the patent category of entrepreneurship education were positively related with behavior focused self leadership and constructive thought self leadership. Consequently, when the youth recognized the importance of management, creativity and patent category, the level of self control, self reward and self efficacy were increased.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Sensory Integration
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2016

Objective : The purpose of this study was to determine the reliability of Test of Playfulness (ToP) in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) children. Methods : Twenty ADHD children participated in this study. To determine inter-rater reliability, two raters was evaluated by Test of Playfulness scores and analyzed Kappa coefficient and total agreement and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Results : Total agreement was the range of 75%~95% and the Kappa coefficients was the range of. 45~1.00. Analyzing inter-rater reliability by ICC showed very high reliability: Intrinsic motivation was .96, internal control was .98, suspension of reality was .90, framing was .98, total score was .99. Conclusion : A reliability of Test of Playflness of children with ADHD showed that high. On the basis of this study, it will provide availability for clinical evaluation of children with ADHD, and basic study on the play of children with ADHD.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.33-47
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• 1997

The purpose of the study is to examine the differences between rural and urban in the factors and the level of stress in adolescent, inner control and communication with parents. Also, It is to research the influence of environmental variables, inner control and communication with parents on adolescent's stress in sides of rural and urban. Therefore, I provide needed data in instructing students. For the data set, academic high school students in second grade in a town for rural and Su-Seung gu, Dal-Sugu, chung gu in Dae-gu for urban were chosen. The data were analyzed with the frequency, percentage, factor analysis Mean, S.D, reliability, t-test, regression in use of Spss PC+ Program. The main results are as follow. First, for rural students, stress level is displayed studies, future0affair, life-attitude, companions, self-assurance and home life in order by lower sphere. For urban students, it is displayed future-affair, studies, life-attitude, companions, self-assurance and home life in order by lower shpere. In case of rural "I don't know effective study method" is highly displayed by factors. In case of urban. "I am tired of a competitive life" is highly displayed. The mean of stress level is 3.22 for rural and 3.07 for urban. The differences between rural and urban are showed in self-assurance, studies and companions. Finally when we see the stress generally the stress level is higher in rural high school students than in urban high school students. Second, rural students are lower displayed than urban students in inner control and communication with parents. There is no difference urban students in inner control and communication with parents. There is no difference in communication with a mother. third, influential variables on stress level are inner control, communication with parents, satisfaction with companions and school life as environmental variables in sides of rural and urban. Physical condition is added for rural and sex for urban Finally we get the result that stress level is high in low inner control, poor communication with parents, bad companions and unsatisfied school life for both rural and urban. Bad physical condition for rural and female for urban are added.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.129-139
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• 2010

Purpose: A new scale was developed to measure personal power and ability for health care and promotion including health determinants. Method: Research phases designed for this study were a literature review, scale development, discussion with experts, pre-test for content validity, and survey for construct validity and reliability. The scale was composed of 20 items on 4 point Likert scale and was tested on middle aged Korean-Americans (110) and Koreans (105) living in a community. Result: As the result of factor analysis, 7 dimensions were identified that were similar yet different from the original dimensions. They included health literacy, socialbelonging and gender role, self-perception, health policy participation, socio-cultural interpersonal relationships, spiritual comfort, and socioeconomic involvement. The total variances explained 59.73%. The reliability was .736 of Cronbach's alpha. The mean PPHC was not different in age, gender, economic status and disease presence, but significantly different in country where living, religion, education level, job presence, and emigration period. The increased power group perceived more wellbeing and less depression, high internal locus of control and increased power with others. In addition, they had a greater health promotion lifestyle profile. Conclusion: This scale was statistically reliable and valid to measure personal power of health care.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.442-451
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• 2011

The purpose of this article is to find out and analyze the diverse factors that are incurring stress to the railway drivers, and to depict the moderating effects of personality factors(Locus of Control, Self-Efficacy, and Organization-Based Self Esteem) on the causal relationship between job stressors and job satisfaction in two groups(drivers who experienced accidents and drivers who did not). To attain this purpose, the 212 questionnaires received from the drivers of KORAIL, Seoul Metro, and Seoul Metropolitan Rapid Transit. Most crucial finding was that certain aspects of a driver's personalities measured by locus of control, self-efficacy, and organization-based self esteem showed significant moderating effects in predicting the level of job satisfaction, job stress and accidents. This result implies that the drastic testing of personality factors is so important when staffing drivers in the future.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.378-388
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• 2017

Purpose: The aim of this study was to identify the status of performance on standard precautions among nursing students and to examine the mediating effects of internal health locus of control on the relationship between awareness and performance on standard precautions of hospital-acquired infection control. Methods: The participants in this study were 134 nursing students. The measurements included a standard precautions awareness and performance scale, and a multidimensional health locus of control scale. Data were analyzed using independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, $Scheff{\acute{e}}$ test, Pearson correlation coefficient, and simple and multiple regression techniques. Mediation analysis was performed by the Baron and Kenny's method and Sobel test. Results: The mean score of standard awareness, standard performance, and internal health locus of control about standard precaution were $174.30{\pm}9.08$; $169.48{\pm}12.04$; and $20.43{\pm}2.82$; respectively. There was a positive correlation between standard awareness and performance (r=.414, p<.001). Also, standard awareness was significantly correlated with internal health locus of control (r=.413, p=.014). Internal health locus of control showed partial mediating effects in the relationship between awareness and performance. Conclusion: The results indicate a need to improve the internal health locus of control of nursing students. Therefore, an internal health locus of control improvement program should improve performance on standard precautions for patients and themselves.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.43-54
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• 2010

While entrepreneurship is touted as an opportunity for women to exploit opportunities that are often not available in the traditional workplace, the rate of participation in entrepreneurship is lower for women than it is for men. What remains relatively unclear are the reasons that make this so. This regional study addresses this deficiency by examining two lines of thought related to entrepreneurial adoption: (1) the personal traits thought to contribute to entrepreneurship, and (2) the rational decision making processes that are believed to form a basis for entrepreneurial endeavors. My results find men and women to be different in both respects, with ambiguity tolerance, internal locus of control, perceived effectiveness of entrepreneurship, and having an entrepreneurial parent all positively predicting entrepreneurial intention for men. For women, perceived effectiveness of entrepreneurship and achievement motivation predict entrepreneurial intention. Women also rate the potential reward of entrepreneurship as significantly lower than do men, possibly because women entrepreneurs objectively face more obstacles than men with regard to obtaining financing and other stakeholder relations.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.57 no.4
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• pp.485-498
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• 2019

This study examined the mediating effect of internal locus of control in the relationship between family and friend support and acculturative stress of North Korean adolescent refugees. Participants consisted of 101 North Korean adolescent refugees (40 males and 61 females) aged 13 to 24, who live in Seoul, Gyeonggi Province, and Busan. SPSS 25.0 and Mplus 5.12 were used to analyze data. Descriptive statistics and Pearson's correlation coefficients were calculated and structural equation modeling (SEM) examined the mediating effect. The results of this study are as follows. First, a higher level of family support and friend support were associated with a higher level of internal locus of control. A higher level of internal locus of control was associated with a lower level of acculturative stress among North Korean adolescent refugees. Second, the level of internal locus of control mediated the relationship between friend support and acculturative stress. This study is meaningful in that it examines the specific paths affecting acculturative stress of North Korean adolescent by examining family and friend support, which are environmental factors, and internal locus of control, which is internal factor of individuals. The study results suggest that improving friend support as well as increasing the level of internal locus of control for North Korean adolescent refugees can be an effective way to prevent or intervene acculturative stress.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.17 no.11
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• pp.577-587
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• 2019

This study examined the effects of perceived career barriers and attribution style on career preparation behaviors of female college students' and the moderating effects of attribution style between career barriers and career preparation behaviors. For this purpose, career barrier test, preparation behavior, and attribution style test were conducted on 485 female college students. The collected data were statistically analyzed using SPSS 23.0. The findings are as follows. First, career perceived barriers by female college students had a negative effect on career preparation behaviors. Second, the more internal and controllable the attribution, the more active the career behaviors. Third, there was no moderating effect of attribution style between career barriers and career preparation behavior. Based on the above findings, implications for career education and career counseling for female college students, limitations of the study, and directions for further research were discussed.