• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.18 no.8
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• pp.119-131
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to examine the mediated effects of entrepreneurship and market orientation on organizational culture and management performance as the cause of the reversal phenomenon of startups defeating traditional giants. Through the research method of bootstrapping proposed by Hayes (2013), the total effect, direct effect and indirect effect analysis were conducted. As a result, there was no direct impact relationship between organizational culture and management performance, but it was confirmed that it had a positive impact on management performance by mediating both entrepreneurial behavior and market orientation in the relationship between organizational culture and management performance. This study is meaningful in that it is linked to existing theories such as entrepreneurship and market orientation and it extends the scope of competency targets required for business performance to an organizational culture. Companies need to create an innovation-oriented organizational culture for management performance and value creation, and they have to open up their culture with entrepreneurial behavior and market orientation by breaking away from the inertia of organization.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.12
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• pp.190-199
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• 2019

South Korea has achieved impressive economic growth relatively quickly by focusing on export-driven policies and economies of scale in the process of industrialization. As the country's economic development policy focused on large corporations, however, a power and wealth imbalance developed between SMEs and large corporations. The purpose of this study is to clarify this issue academically and more clearly through theoretical studies and empirical analysis in order to resolve these imbalances and improve the positive relationship between SMEs and large corporations. To this end, a survey was conducted from December 17, 2018 to January 28, 2019, and a total of 378 questionnaires collected from corporate workers were used for the final analysis. The hypotheses confirmed by the study results were as following. First, the factors directly affecting the competitor's orientation were the trust, entrepreneurship, and innovation capability of the entrepreneurial characteristics. Second, when the characteristics of the company were examined from the perspective of cooperative performance, only the innovation capacity factor had a positive effect. Third, the competitor orientation showed a positive effect on cooperative performance. Fourth, competitor orientation had a statistically significant mediating effect on the relationship between trust, entrepreneurship, innovation capability, and cooperative performance.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.417-426
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• 2020

The culture industry has been considered very important as firms utilize human creativity as the main source for providing high-value-added services. In this industry, the inspirations and ideas of individual creators have been stressed rather than the roles of entrepreneurs so far. However, in recent years, due to the influence of "Hallyu" or the Korean Wave, entrepreneurial firms have actively participated in producing a variety of products embracing cultural value. In this vein, the entrepreneurship-related elements such as the degree of leaders' innovativeness, risk-taking environment, first mover advantage, employee compensation, and tolerance to failure were selected to investigate their effects on market leadership. As a result, it was observed that risk-taking environment, first mover advantage, employee compensation, and tolerance to failure had a positive effect whereas leaders' innovativeness was not statistically meaningful. These findings show that the creation of an atmosphere where employees' creativity can be fully appreciated is more important than the leader' insight-driven innovativeness. The results of this study indicate that when companies formulate strategies and the government initiate policies in the culture industry, entrepreneurship should be incorporated as a crucial element.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.61-74
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• 2015

This study attempts to empirically examine the influence of entrepreneurial education in university on entrepreneurial intentions of undergraduate and graduate students as potential entrepreneur and new moderating factors on the relationship between entrepreneurial education and entrepreneurial intentions. We suggested EO(innovativeness, risk-taking propensity, proactiveness and locus of control) and environmental factors(entrepreneurial family background and resource accessibility) as new moderating factors in the relationship. For this study, the following research questions are raised : First, is there a significant difference in entrepreneurial intentions of enrolled and unenrolled students in entrepreneurial education? Second, does entrepreneurial education affect entrepreneurial intentions positively? Finally, do EO and environmental factors have moderating effects in the relationship between entrepreneurial education and entrepreneurial intentions? In order to test our research model, the current study collected data from 265 undergraduate and graduate students who are majoring in natural sciences or engineering in Seoul National Univ., Hanyang Univ., and KAIST. To investigate our research questions and hypotheses, independent-sample T-test and hierarchical regression analysis were employed. The results of empirical analysis revealed that entrepreneurial education positively related to entrepreneurial intentions and that the relationship between entrepreneurial education and entrepreneurial intentions moderated by EO and environmental factors. First, the result showed the significant difference in entrepreneurial intentions between enrolled and unenrolled students in entrepreneurial education. Entrepreneurial intentions of students who enrolled entrepreneurial education was higher than others. Second, entrepreneurial education affected the entrepreneurial intentions positively. Finally, the moderating effects of innovativeness, risk-taking propensity, proactiveness and entrepreneurial family background among investigated six moderators were significant. entrepreneurial education-entrepreneurial intentions relationship was even stronger under high innovativeness and high proactiveness. But risk-taking propensity and entrepreneurial family background decreased the effect of entrepreneurial education on entrepreneurial intentions.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.97-109
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• 2016

In Korea, the survival rate of start-up of 5-year after foundation is as low as 29.6% of the country. This low survival rate is from because of insufficient resources in start-ups compared to those of mid-sized companies. Therefore, the marketing characteristics of entrepreneurship has emerged as a major cause. Therefore, In this study, because learning orientation, marketing experience, competition orientation and etc are differently owned in start-ups, marketing impact to marketing strategy in start-up companies are differently investigated. Therefore, the relationship of learning orientation, marketing experience, competition Orientation with marketing strategies was examined. Based on this, Business performance was examined to suggest contents related to eco-system of start-up companies to representative of start-up companies. For this study, Survey was conducted for 250 start-up entrepreneurs within 3 and half year since foundation from Nov. 20 to Dec. 20, 2015. In result of data-cleaning, 207 meaningful samples were gathered. Based on these, conclusion was obtained. Using SPSS 20.0 statistical program, frequency analysis, reliability analysis, correlation analysis and regression analysis were conducted. the following conclusions were drawn. First, in the impact of marketing environment of Phase 1 start-up companies on marketing strategy, product strategy, distribution strategy and promotion strategy were positively affected by learning orientation, marketing experience and competition orientation. Second, in the effect of 2nd phase marketing strategy to business performance, the financial performance and the non-financial performance. Were positively affected by product strategy, distribution strategy and promotion strategies. Third, The effect of learning orientation, marketing experience and competition orientation to financial performance was positively mediated by product strategy and distribution strategy among 3rd phase meditation strategies. the effect of learning orientation, marketing experience and competition orientation to non-financial performance was positively mediated by products strategy. In comprehensive summary, in order to increase business performance in start-up companies, marketing strategy should be applied in. Especially, the role of learning orientation and marketing experience is vital. In increasement of business performance to characteristics of star up marketing, financial performance can be increased by product strategy and distribution strategy. And, both of financial and non-financial performance can be increased by product strategy. Therefore, in conducting of marketing characteristics of start-up, to increase business performance, the apply of marketing strategy to marketing characteristics of start-up should be required.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.97-108
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• 2017

The main purpose of this comparative study is to analyze the impact of uncertainty avoidance on the potential entrepreneurship of five developing countries through results of survey implemented to under- and postgraduate students of five developing countries such as Cambodia, Mongolia, Nepal, Peru and Rwanda. Futhermore, it is another purpose to compare the results of respondents by gender and scrutinize what impacts of the uncertainty avoidance have on male and female students' entrepreneurial orientation. First of all, the survey was conducted to under- and postgraduate students of five countries. Questions of the survey were composed of three parts: Locus of Control and Innovativeness for the individual entrepreneurial orientation and Uncertainty Avoidance for the cultural variable. The result of this study shows that the variable of entrepreneurial orientation is getting higher when Uncertainty Avoidance variable is becoming higher. On top of that, this is shown even in the gender comparison. It is the totally different result from precedent studies that shows correlation of entrepreneurship and culture. On the other hand, men's entrepreneurial orientation of five countries higher than women's according to the gender comparison.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.219-237
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• 2017

Looking into the top-five innovative sectors in Korea's manufacturing and service industries, this study empirically analyzes the effect of innovation performance on R&D investment, which is one of the most important strategic decisions for corporate management. In the midst of an uncertain business environment, R&D investment has been regarded as the most important strategic decision making in corporate management related to innovation. Corporate management, however, tend to be reluctant to make sufficient R&D investment due to the risk of an investment failure. Therefore, having R&D investment by offsetting this risk has been deemed as a key task for corporate management. However, prior studies have failed to identify which factors affect companies' strategic decision making on R&D investment. This study is to remedy this weakness of prior study. Relying on path dependency theory at organization-level and dominant logic at individual-level, this study empirically examines the multiple regression model, which sees entrepreneurial orientation as a positive mediator between innovation performance and R&D investment. The results found in the analysis of 242 local companies in the manufacturing and service sectors represent that innovation performance has a direct and positive effect on R&D investment, while it indirectly affects R&D investment through the mediating roles of entrepreneurial orientation. They also revealed that innovation performance had a meaningful impact on entrepreneurial orientation, which is an inclination to seek innovation, led to R&D investment. The founding of this study imply that innovation performance in the past affects innovation strategies in the future, and such a relationship could be strengthened by entrepreneurial orientation as the dominant logic of corporate management.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.83-98
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• 2016

This study investigated the effects of corporate entrepreneurship awareness on organizational effectiveness using a case study of a domestic public institution-something that had not been done before. The main purpose of this study was to examine the correlation between corporate entrepreneurship and the personal entrepreneurship of each organization member. Specifically, we studied the effects of four aspects of corporate entrepreneurship-innovation, risk sensitivity, goal orientation, and autonomy-on the effectiveness of the organization with regard to personal entrepreneurship, defined by creativity, job satisfaction, and organizational commitment, in a public institution. We examined the mediating role of the facets of private entrepreneurship-innovation, risk sensitivity, and goal orientation-on the effectiveness of organizations. In addition, we examined the correlation between the recognition of an organization and individual innovation, creativity, and entrepreneurship in domestic public institutions. We found that corporate entrepreneurship significantly influences organizational effectiveness. We also found that private entrepreneurship has partially influenced organizational effectiveness. This result indicates that specifically personal entrepreneurship in a public organization with a corporate structure contributes in part to organizational effectiveness. Therefore, the efforts made for disruptive innovation and the innovative strategies of corporates with personal entrepreneurship should be kept up for the long haul in order to influence the achievements of organizations in the public sector significantly. The need of the hour is for public institutions to disseminate and extend entrepreneurship at the national level. Furthermore, studies on corporate entrepreneurship in different fields in organizations in the public domain are needed.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.19 no.12
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• pp.1-9
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to present the necessary success strategies for the social economy ecosystem and social enterprise stakeholders by empirically examining the structural relationship of factors that affect the sustainable dual performance of social enterprises. Through previous studies, hypotheses and research models were established for the performance factors of social enterprises, and hypothesis testing was performed using PLS-Structural Equation Modeling on 92 sample data collected from the survey. As a result of the analysis, it was found that the social mission, customer orientation, and social network set as performance factors all had a significant positive (+) effect on social performance. In addition, social performance had a significant (+) effect on economic performance by mediating customer orientation and social network excluding social mission, and it was found that the business model strengthened this relationship. In addition to the theoretical significance of demonstrating the structural influence of social enterprise performance factors through this study, practical implications can be found in that it suggests factors that social entrepreneurs should focus on for growth and performance creation.

• Korean small business review
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.1-25
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• 2020

To commemorate the 40th anniversary of the foundation of the Korean Association of Small Business Studies, this study reviewed research papers on the subject of entrepreneurship in the Asia Pacific Journal of Small Business. For 40 years, the subjects of entrepreneurship-related studies published in this journal were relatively limited and the number of articles was very few. The research papers mainly focus on defining entrepreneurship as an innovation or as a determinant of innovation and survey-based empirical studies have been conducted since the publication of the Entrepreneurial Orientation(EO) by Lumpkin and Dess(1996). Although entrepreneurship is a research field that can be approached from various perspectives such as economics, sociology, psychology, cultural anthropology, and organization theory, most of the papers published in the Asia Pacific Journal of Small Business do not clearly state their theoretical positions or viewpoints. Moreover, there are few studies that incorporate corporate entrepreneurs or startup teams although they have been major actors or entrepreneurship. Lastly, innovation has been the main focus of research, leaving other arenas such as opportunity recognition and discovery understudied. In order to increase the quantity and improve the quality in the entrepreneurship research, we need to have the entrepreneurship field as one academic section in the Asia Pacific Journal of Small Business.