• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.631-641
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• 2011

We consider a history-dependent Parrondo game in which the winning probability of the present trial depends on the results of the last two trials in the past. When a fraction of an infinite number of players are allowed to choose between two fair Parrondo games at each turn, we compare the blind strategy such as a random sequence of choices with the short-range optimization strategy. In this paper, we show that the random sequence of choices yields a steady increase of average profit. However, if we choose the game that gives the higher expected profit at each turn, surprisingly we are not supposed to get a long-run positive profit for some parameter values.

• Korean Architects
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• no.7 s.351
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• pp.73-79
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• 1998

대한건축사협회와 건설교통부, 서울경제신문사가 공동개최하는 '98한국건축문화대상의 작품공모요강이 지난달 3일 발표되었다. 우리 건축의 본질과 이 시대의 정서 그리고 기능성이 구현된 역작을 발굴하여 시상함으로써 한국건축의 미래를 열어가고자 마련된 올해의 한국건축문화대상은 예년과 마찬가지로 기성건축인 대상의 준공건축물부문과 신인(설계업무 종사자, 대학원생 등)ㆍ학생 ㆍ일반 대상의 계획건축물부문 두 부문에 걸쳐 출품작을 공모해 오는 10월말 부문별 심사결과 발표와 함께 시상식 및 전시회를 갖는다. 특히 관심을 모으고 있는 계획건축물부문은 '도시의 흔적'이 주제로 제시된 가운데 오는 9월 21일 작품(패널 및 모형 각 1점)을 접수, 심사를 거쳐 금상 1점(상금 500만원 및 상장), 은상 2점(각 상금 250만원 및 상장), 동상 5점(각 상금 100만원 및 상장), 입선작(각 상금 30만원 및 상장)을 가리게 된다. 본지는 올해 공모전에 참여할 응모자들의 공모주제에 대한 이해를 돕기 위해 심사위원들을 초청해 지난 6월 17일 주제토론회를 개최하였다. 따라서 이번 토론은 응모자들이 주제의 보다 가깝게 접근할 수 있도록 하는데 많은 도움을 줄 것으로 기대되며 특히 토론내용 중 주제의 발제배경과 범위, 각 심사위원들의 조언 등을 종합해 참고한다면 좋은 결과를 얻을 수 있을 것으로 본다. 아울러 본지는 신인등용의 장으로서 한국건축의 정통성과 맥을 이어나갈 이번 공모전에 독자 여러분의 많은 성원과 참여를 기대한다.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.121-130
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• 2016

An ansemble of N players arranged in a circle play a spatially dependent Parrondo game B. One player is randomly selected to play game B, which is based on the toss of a biased coin, with the amount of the bias depending on states of the selected player's two nearest neighbors. The player wins one unit with heads and loses one unit with tails. In game A' the randomly chosen player transfers one unit of capital to another player who is randomly chosen among N - 1 players. Game A' is fair with respect to the ensemble's total profit. The games are said to exhibit the Parrondo effect if game B is losing and the random mixture game C is winning and the reverse-Parrondo effect if game B is winning and the random mixture game C is losing. We compute the exact mean profits for games B and C by applying a state space reduction method with lumped Markov chains and we sketch the Parrondo and reverse-Parrondo regions for $3{\leq}N{\leq}6$.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.973-982
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• 2009

Two losing games that can be combined, either by periodic alternation or by random mixture, to form a winning game are known as Parrondo games. We consider a collective version of Parrondo games in which players are allowed to choose the game to be played by the whole ensemble in each turn. In this paper, we analyze the long-range optimization strategy for all choices of the parameters and find the expected average profit in the steady state.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.745-753
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• 2014

Parrondo paradox is the counter-intuitive situation where individually losing games can combine to win or individually winning games can combine to lose. In this paper, we compare the history-dependent Parrondo games and the space-dependent Parrondo games played cooperatively by the multiple players. We show that there is a probability region where the history-dependent Parrondo game is a losing game whereas the space-dependent Parrondo game is a winning game.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.12-20
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• 2023

To calculate the amount of owner-caused and contractor-caused delays based on a simplified delay analysis, which has been customarily used in Korea, has a limitation in reflecting the impact of the concurrent delay and the acceleration work. It also resulted in the apportionment of liquidated damages by applying the ratio of the number of delays between the owner and the contractor. This study analyzes that the conventional method does not meet the international standards. In order to improve the problem of construction delay analysis and the apportionment of liquidated damages based on it, owner delays, contractor delays, concurrent delays, and the impact of acceleration should be analyzed together. This study suggests that in the apportionment of liquidated damages, the extension of time should be extended by the sum of concurrent delays and the owner-caused delays, and liquidated damages should be imposed on delays incurred after the extension of time. It can be seen that it conforms to the international standards. The results of this study are expected to contribute to improving the problems of delay analysis and liquidated damages calculation, which have been conventionally accepted.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.77-87
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• 2015

Parrondo paradox is the counter-intuitive phenomenon where two losing games can be combined to win or two winning games can be combined to lose. In this paper, we consider an ensemble of players, one of whom is chosen randomly to play game A' or game B. In game A', the randomly chosen player transfers one unit of his capital to another randomly selected player. In game B, the player plays the history-dependent Parrondo game in which the winning probability of the present trial depends on the results of the last two trials in the past. We show that Parrondo paradox exists in this redistribution model of the history-dependent Parrondo game.

• Korean Architects
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• s.614
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• pp.28-31
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• 2020

(주)공간세라믹이 주최하는 공모전 '제1회 공간세라믹(점토벽돌) 건축상'이 지난 4월 1일 시작됐다. 총 상금 1억 원이 걸린 이 공모전에는 건축법 22조에 따라 올해 4월 1일부터 2021년 3월 31일 사이에 준공된 점토건축 활용 건축물이라면 공간세라믹 홈페이지를 통해 응모가 가능하다. 민간기업에서 개최하는 건축상 공모전이 드문 상황에서 반가운 소식이 아닐 수 없다. 게다가 벽돌 건축물을 다룬다고 한다. 수천 년 간 이어져온 오래된 친환경 건축 재료지만 과거에 비해 수요가 많이 줄어든 벽돌. 공모전을 개최된 계기가 무엇일까. 5월 13일 공간세라믹 본사에서 공모전 주최자 조백일 공간세라믹 대표를 만났다

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.781-790
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• 2015

The Parrondo paradox is the counter-intuitive phenomenon: when we combine two losing games we can win the game or when we combine two winning games we can lose the game. In this paper, we assume that an investor adopts the rule of the history-dependent Parrondo game for investment in the stock market. Using the KRX (Korea Exchange) data from 2012 to 2014, we found the Parrondo paradox in the stock trading: the redistribution of profits among accounts can turn the decrease of the expected cumulative profit into the increase of the expected cumulative profit. We also found that the opposite case, namely the reverse Parrondo effect, can happen in the stock trading.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.12
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• pp.169-185
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• 2017

Given that nowadays things get very fast due to the pervasive use of the Internet and mobile devices, decision-making time can be an important variable in the online economic decisions. Although in experimental and behavioral economics, measures like scores or earnings are usually preferred, this study argues that the time variable can be dealt with as a new decision outcome. Thus, by selecting some psychological factors presumably impactful in the online context (i.e., incidental emotions, psychological distances, and individual's impulsivity), this study tested their effect on decision time in the online centipede game. As a result, the mean decision time in the game was longer (1) in the happiness condition than in the anger condition and (2) in the friend condition than in the stranger condition. The people with attention difficulties spent a short time in the decision and the people who dislike complex problems spent a short time in explaining their decision. This study can contribute to the field as it used the decision time as the dependent variable and it tested the effect of psychological factors in the context of online decision-making. Future studies can be conducted in other online decision situations or by considering other psychological variables.