• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.121-126
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• 2004

Bleeding heart (Dicentra spectabilis L. Lemaire) is one of the most valuable wild flower in Korea. This work was conducted for the mass production of somatic embryos through suspension culture and more effective plant regeneration system in Dicentra spectabilis. High-frequency embryogenic callus proliferation was achieved in SH liquid medium supplemented with 1 mg/L 2,4-D. Half-strength SH medium was suitable concentration for somatic embryo induction and germination. About 5,000 embryos were produced per 250$m\ell$ flask after 4 weeks of culture. Germination rate of somatic embryos was decreased when GA$_3$ was added in medium. The plantlets showed a 58％ survival rate when transferred to pots after 1 month of culture. The results indicate that micropropagation procedure via somatic embryogenesis can be applied for an efficient mass propagation of Dicentra spectabilis.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.145-149
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• 2004

We investigated the anatomical aspects of vitrification in peace poplar. Comparisons were made with regard to characteristics occurring between hyperhydric and normal shoots in shoot proliferation cultures on MS medium containing 0.2 mg/L BA. Compared with normal plants, hyperhydric plants had thick, curled, and dark green leaves. Hyperhydric stems were thicker and shorter than those of normal stems. When examined under the microscopes, the mesophyll palisade cells of hyperhydric leaves were vacuolated, whereas those of normal leaves contained normal and enriched vacuole with cytoplasm. Generally, the hyperhydric leaves showed poorly developed palisade parenchyma, and revealed irregular and bigger sized intercellular structures in both palisade and spongy parenchyma as well as epidermis cells compare to those of normal leaves. In addition, the hyperhydric leaves had lower stomatal density and bigger sized cell. Vascular tissues of hyperhydic stems were less differentiated because of poorly lignified xylem tissue. The greatly expanded cortical cells and pith appeared to be the main cause of thick stems as compared with normal stems.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.84-88
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• 2010

To establish the system of In vitro plant regeneration, the floral bud and leaf explants of Sedum rotundifolium were cultured on the MS media supplemented with different concentration of 2,4-D, NAA, and BA. The callus induction was more effective in the floral explants than the leaf explants, and was the best on MS medium containing 1.0 or 2.0 mg/L 2,4-D and 1.0 mg/L BA. The highest numbers of shoots were regenerated when callus were cultured on MS medium containing 2.0 mg/L 2,4-D and 1.0 mg/L BA for 8 weeks. The normal root formation from shoot was effective on the MS medium containing IAA alone. The regenerated plantlets were transferred to the pot and acclimatized successfully.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.88-92
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• 2002

The production of anthraquinone has been dectected in transformed roots of Rheum undulatum L. The effects of medium, initial pH, concentration of sucrose, light irradiation and elicitors on anthraquinone production in transformed roots of Rheum undulatum L. were investigated. The maximum production of anthaquinone was achieved in WPM medium (pH 5.7) supplemented with 6% sucrose, 0.5 mg/l $GA_3$, and 50 mg/l chitosan at 16h light $(16{\mu}mol\;m^{-2}s^{-1})$ condition. Under the optimum conditions, the production of anthraquinone reached to 0.18 mg/g(F.W.) after 8 weeks. The content was estimated about 1.3 times of the level of native roots.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.15 no.3 s.70
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• pp.499-504
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• 2005

This experiment was conducted to identify the effect of several plant growth retardants on growth of Sedirea japonica seedlings cultured in vitro and their changes of invertase activities. When seedlings of Sedirea japonica were treated with ancymidol and paclobutrazol, as the concentrations were increased, leaf length was gradually shortened and leaf width became wider than that of control. On the other hand, root length was shorter, but the number of root and the root's diameters were greatly increased, compared with control. In 0.05mg/L uniconazole, growth of leaf and root were enhanced, compared with the control and higher concentrations of uniconazole. As concentration of each growth retardants was increased, leaf shape became round and smaller. Both soluble acid invertase activity and soluble alkaline invertase activity in leaf were decreased in higher concentrations of each growth retardant, but those of the root were contrary to those of the leaf. To confirm the estimated invertase activities, starch content of leaf was higher in low concentration treatments in each growth retardant, but in the root was contrary to content that of the leaf.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.768-769
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• 1999

Experiments were conducted to find out the optimum condition for in vitro proliferation using shoot tip of Gypsophila paniculata. Formation and fresh weight of adventitious shoots were promoted by shoot culture with $0.2mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ BA and $0.2mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ NAA in 'Bristol Fairy', while were promoted with $0.2mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ BA and $0.1mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ NAA in 'Red Sea'. Vitrification was suppressed by using $7{\times}13cm $ $(diameter{\times}height)$ vessel. Aeration treatment on cap and agar concentration did not affect vitrification, but promoted the elongation of adventitious shoots. Formation of adventitious shoot was inhibited by increasing agar concentration in the medium.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.79-83
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• 1989

This study was conducted to determine the effect of growth regulators, IBA, GA, and BA, on the adventitious bud formation, shoot differentiation, and inflorescence development in embryo culture of Korean ginseng. The adventitious bud formation and shoot differentiation were significantly promoted by application of a combination of 1 ma/l IBA and 5 mg/l GA. The adventitious buds had the primordial shoots and were differentiated as to plantlets. About 5 to 10 adventitious buds developed around the basal axis of the epicotyle of the ginseng embryo, and development of inflorescence was possible only after shoot differentiation. The MS medium supplemented with a combination of 3 mal 1 each of IBA, GA, and BA was most effective for in vitro inflorescence development, and the ratio of inflorescence formation was 18.4%.

• Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.115-118
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• 1998

This experiments were carried out to determine the optimum concentrations of plant growth regulators for the direct embryogenesis from the cotyledon culture of Paeonia lactiflora Pall. Zygotic embryos rescued from true seeds were developed abnormally in the medium containing ABA. But somatic embryogenesis from cotyledons of abnormal seedlings was induced more effectively. Also the somatic embryogenesis from cotyledons was promoted in the medium containing ABA. The frequency of embryogenesis was maximum(59.9%) from the cotyledons cultured on MS medium containing 0.5 mg/L ABA on which the frequency of somatic embryos with two cotyledons was 22.6%.

• Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.179-184
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• 2001

We evaluated a possibility of the use of chloroplast number per guard cell pairs as a measure for ploidy level in the different ploidy levels of tobacco plant (Nicotiana tabacum L. cv. BY-4) . The guard-cell chloroplast numbers of leaves of haploid plant were a half of wild-type plant. Furthermore, the number of chloroplast per guard cell pairs of the leaves of doubled-haploid plant increased in two times compared with that of haploid plant. In addition, the chloroplast number was not changed in the F$_1$ progenies. The change of the chloroplast number by leaf stage was not observed. The results indicate that there is a strong relationship between ploidy level (2x and 4x) and chloroplast number per guard cell pairs. This relationship was also, observed in both in vitro and pot cultured plants. It was determined that the measurement of chloroplast number in guard cells of leaf epidermis is simple to use and less labour intensive, and hence can be considered a practical alternative to the chromosome counting methods or flow cytometry in the tobacco plant.

• FLOWER RESEARCH JOURNAL
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.49-54
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• 2011

The influences of MS medium strength, sucrose concentration, and light condition on bulblet formation and growth were studied in leaf tissue culture of Muscari armenicum 'Early Giant'. Bulblet formation from leaf segments were the most effective on MS medium supplemented with $0.01mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ NAA, $0.2m{\cdot}L^{-1}$ kinetin, $30g{\cdot}L^{-1}$ sucrose, and $8g{\cdot}L^{-1}$ gelrite under darkness for 2 weeks followed by 16 hr photoperiod with a photosynthetic photon flux density of $50mol{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$. However the compactness of bulblets formed in vitro was promoted in the MS medium with $60gL^{-1}$ sucrose. Acclimatized plants flowered during the second year of the growing period without any phenotypic variations and formed average 1.5 bulblets per mother bulb.