• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.147-153
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• 2018

There are few available studies for insect diversity in relation to coastal dune despite the unique landscape features and high conservation value. Therefore, this study compared ground beetle assemblages inhabiting between windbreak forests and sand dunes in the Taeanhaean National Park. It investigated five windbreak forests and three coastal dunes using pitfall traps from middle of June to middle of October in 2014. A total of 2,335 ground beetles belonging to 30 species of 15 genera were collected. Synuchus arcuarticollis (158 individuals) and Dolichus halensis halensis (153 individuals) were dominant of 25 specifies collected from sand dunes while Synuchus arcuarticollis (1,630 individuals), Synuchus nitidus (130 individuals), and Synuchus cycloderus (42 individuals) were dominant of 14 species collected from windbreak forests. The similarity of ground beetles compositions in sand dunes and windbreak forests was significantly low at 27.4%. The results of this study showed that sand dune geographical features found in the Taeanhaean National Park had different insect assemblages from windbreak forests. It will be the useful information for conservation of insects in the future.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.191-196
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• 2004

Mt. Deogyusan, 1,614m in altitude, is located in the southwest of South Korea. Around Mt. Duckyu, many Korean endemic and rare plants are populated, so it is considered a very important biogeographical area where the temperature zones of northern and southern plants are crossed. Because it is the graceful figure of Mt. Duckyu, it is a common mountain where many tourists visit frequently. Continuous tourist's visit may cause a bad influence on vegetation around the climbing paths. Therefore, weed community around the climbing paths on Mt. Duckyu, where visitors exert a bad influence directly on its community by coming in and out, was surveyed phytosocialogically. Our surveys have been accomplished from July to August, 2003. Weed communities formed around the climbing paths on Mt. Duckyu were divided into several patterns and analysed. They have been divided into 8 communities and 4 subcommunities. Community A: Plantago asiatica community, A-a: Carex bostrychostigma subcommunity, A-b: Artemisia princeps var. orientalis subcommunity, B: Sasa borealis community, B-a: Carex siderosticta subcommunity, B-b: Veratrum parulum subcommunity, C: Rubus crataegifolius community, D: Hosta longipes community, E: Tripterygium regelii community, F: Miscanthus sinensis var. purpurascens community, G: Carex okamotoi community, H: Lespedeza maximowiczii community. The flora surveyed in these communities was constituted of 34 families, 83 genera, 12 varieties, and 92 species. Wild plants such as Plantago asiatica, Artemisia princeps var. orientalis, Rubus crataegifolius, Sasa borealis and Miscanthus sinensis var. purpurascens were mostly light loving plants and higher resistant plants against the stamping pressure.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.366-374
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to develop effective destination management strategies for three typical tourist destinations in Kangwon province based on the importance-performance analysis. The results show that overall performance levels of 21 management attributes in three destinations is relatively low, compared to the importance levels of the attributes. 6 attributes place in Concentrate Here, 4 attributes in Possible Overkill, 6 attributes in Keep Up Good Work, and 5 attributes in Low Priority. There is no significant difference in the importance level among three destinations, while performance levels are the lowest at Naksan & Kyungpo beaches, and highest at Ganhyun area. Findings of the survey expect to be used as fundamentals in management policy making process for each destinations.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.232-241
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• 2003

Mountain Chungyeong, 879m in altitude, is located in the northeast of the middle area in Korea. Around Mt. Chungyeong, many Korean endemic and rare plants are populated, so it is considered a very important biogeographical area where the temperature zones of northern and southern plants are crossed. Because it is close to Seoul, a capital of Korea, it is a common mountain where many tourists visit frequently. Continuous tourist's visit may cause a bad influence on vegetation around the climbing paths. Therefor, weed community around the climbing paths on Mt. Chungyeong, where visitors exert a bad influence directly on its community by coming in and out, was surveyed phytosocialogically. Our surveys have been accomplished from August, 2001 to September, 2002. weed communities formed around the climbing paths on Mt. Chungyeong were divided into several patterns and analysed. They have been divided into 5 communities and 5 subcommunities. Community A: Plantago asiatica community, A-a: Erigeron annuus subcommunity, A-b: Carex. lanceolata subcommunity, B: Pseudostellaria palibiniana community, B-a: Carex siderosticta subcommunity, B-b: Galium trachyspermum subcommunity, C: Pueraria thunbergiana community, D: Lespedeza maximowiczii community, E: Rubus crataegifolius community, F: Oplismenus undulatifolius community, The flora surveyed in these communities was constituted of 47 families, 101 genera, 17 varieties, and 149 species. Wild plants such as Plantago asiatica, Erigeron annuus, Erigeron strigosus, Pueraria thunbergiana, Lespedeza maximowiezii, Rubus crataegifolius, Artemisia princeps var. orientalis, Artemisia japonica and Lysimachia clethroides were mostly light loving plants and higher resistant plants against the stamping pressure. Our result from the ranking all surveyed areas by the Bray-Curtis ordination method was very similar to the results from phytosocialogical table analysis.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.493-502
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• 2006

This study analyzed greenspace structure focused on greenspace areas and vegetation structure for Yanggu, investigated resident attitudes to the greenspace, and explored strategies to improve greenspace functions in a rural region. Woody plant cover was approximately 29% for parks and only 3% for commercial gardens. The amount of planting for Yanggu was poor, as compared with the results of similar studies for urban areas. Trees, of which dbh was below 20cm, accounted for 91% of all trees and the tree-age structure was largely characterized by a young, growing tree population. Based on the analysis of mean importance values (MIV) of woody plant species, only a few were different in dominant species from urban areas. Four species among 10 species with highest MIV in Yanggu were very common species also ranked among 10 in cities. The most dominant species planted in residential and commercial gardens were practical plants such as fruit or edibles. Greenspace covered about 69% of parks, 39% of residential gardens, 37% of institutional gardens, 24% of streets, and 15% of commercial gardens, respectively. Tree planting potential revealed that present woody plant cover can be increased additionally by 6 times in the streets and by 2 times in the residential and commercial gardens. Based on the results of greenspace structure, planting patterns, and questionary investigation, some strategies were suggested to enlarge greenspace including its environmental functions. They included identifying each street section through setting up themes and planting appropriate species, creating multilayered vegetation structures, and promoting planting in bare grounds of gardens and around a buildings for saving energy.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.697-704
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• 2014

Mt. Hallasan in Jejudo has been well known as a habitat for both northern and southern limited butterflies and attracts the interests of many lepidopterists. In this study, the line transect method was used to monitor the community and similarity of butterflies monthly monitoring from May to September 2013, and the results were compared with the previous data. Through monitoring, 3,397 individuals in 26 species of 5 families were found in the present study. The monitored individuals belonging to 4 species (Aphantopus hyperantus, Eumenis autono, Lethe diana and Melanargia epimede) was 2,578 (75.9%), showing the prevalent species among the butterflies observed in the grassy area of the Mt. Hallasan. The butterflies inhabiting Mt. Hallasan showed higher similarity in the area where the open grassy space and the crowns of tree layer coexist than in landscape consisting of solely the tree layer or open grassy space. The habitation of butterflies by heights showed the altitudes between 1,665 to 1,700 m, located beneath the Baekrokdam (the crater) of Mt. Hallasan, possessed the most species and individuals. And it was also observed that the species that previously inhabited the subalpine zone moved to the area of higher altitudes together with the species that previously inhabited rather lower altitudes than the subalpine zone.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.66-75
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• 1996

To propose basic information for national resource management and planting disign, plant community structure of evergreen broad-leaved forest was investigated. Fifty-two plots(each size 300m$^{2}$) were set up at Ch'omch'alsan area of Chindo, Korea. TWINSPAN and DCA methods were used for classification and ordination analysis. Fifty-two plots were divided into seven groups, which were Quercus variabilis-Carpinus tschonoskii community, Q. glauca community, Castanepsis cuspidata var. sieboldii-Q. stenophylla community, Castanopsis cuspidata var. sieboldii-Camelia japonica community, Q. acuta-Camelia japonica community, Carpinus coreaca-Q spp. community, C. coreana community. Pinus densiflora almost have been selected. Carpinus tschomoskii, Q. variabillis and Q. serrata were to be succeeded by Castanea cuspidata var. sieboldii, Q. stenophylla, Q. acuta and Neolitsea sericea in canopy layer. And Neolitsea sericea, Q. glauca and Camellia japonica was showed high importance values in fertile soil condition. Future restoration plan was necessary for a tourist resort or national forest in warm temperate region. And evergreen broad-leaved plants shall be planted in considering of environmental condition at warm temperate and industrial complex area.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.61 no.1
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• pp.129-142
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• 2022

Nutrition dictates nearly all biological processes and determines Darwinian fitness in all living organisms, including insects. Research on insect nutrition has a long history in the field of insect physiology and the importance of understanding insect nutrition has become increasingly apparent with the growing need for producing insects as food and feed. Nevertheless, it is only in recent years that we have witnessed a major breakthrough in our knowledge of insect nutrition. The multivariate, interactive, and dynamic nature of nutrition has long hampered our complete understanding of insect nutrition. However, the challenge posed by such nutritional complexity has been overcome with the advent of the Nutritional Geometry, which is an integrative and multidimensional framework that enabled us to model complex interactions between multiple nutrients. In this review, we introduce the basic concepts and principles of the Nutritional Geometry and describe how this innovative framework has revolutionized the field of insect nutrition and has placed nutrition in the centre of the interface between physiology, ecology, and evolution. We close this review by discussing potentially fertile research areas that can benefit tremendously from the application of this powerful nutritional paradigm in the future.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.22-47
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• 2024

This study aims to reveal the distribution of native plants, rare plants, and specialty plants and provides basic data for efficient ecosystem management through a survey of the flora in Mt. Chijae (Gamagol) and its adjacent areas in Damyang-gun, Jeonnam-do, while also identifying useful plants in the eco-city Damyang-gun for distinctive garden plants. A total of 21 field surveys were conducted from March 2022 to June 2023 to collect and identify 492 taxa consisting of 101 families, 304 genera, 444 species, 10 subspecies, 35 varieties, and 3 formas. The analysis of the prepared sample list showed 14 taxa designated as specialty plants, 9 taxa designated as rare plants by the Korea Forest Service, 7 taxa designated as the national red (i.e., endangered) plants by the Ministry of Environment, and 68 taxa with phylogenetic specific species, of which 45 taxa for Grade I, 5 taxa for Grade II, 16 taxa for Grade III, and 2 taxa for Grade IV were confirmed. The list included 155 taxa of biological resources subject to export approval by the Ministry of Environment and 38 taxa of alien plants of which 7.7 percent were naturalized, and the urbanization index was 6.1 percent. Four taxa were ecosystem-disturbing invasive alien plants designated by the Ministry of Environment introduced artificially or naturally from abroad. This study is expected to contribute to creating unique and attractive landscapes in Damyang if the specific plants found in Mt. Chijae are grown and planted in city gardens.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.324-337
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• 2024

Aquatic macrophytes are important factors in determining species diversity and abundance of cladocerans, but the effects of cladocerans on plant species composition or structure have not been fully considered. In South Korea, wetlands and reservoirs that are prone to covering aquatic macrophytes are scattered across the country, so it is necessary to consider on aquatic macrophytes study, when aquatic animals including cladoceran were studied. in this study, the species and abundance of cladocerans community in six microhabitat types are investigated, and based on these results, habitat conservation and efficient management are suggested. The high species numbers and abundance of cladocerans communities were found in mixed plant communities consisting of free-floating, floating-leaved, and submerged plants. The inclusion of submerged plants in plant communities contributes significantly to the complexity of habitat structures, and may increase species and abundance of cladocenran communities. This can be compared to a plant community consisting only of free-floating and floating-leaved plants in the absence of submerged plants, thereby identifying the efficiency of submerged plants. In the mixed plant communities, species diversity was the highest due to the emergence of cladoceran species (Graptoleveris testudinaria, Ilyocryptus spinifer, and Leydigia acanthococcides) absent from other plant communities. The gradual increase in the biomass (g) of submerged plants in the mixed plant communities significantly increased the species numbers and abundance of cladoceran communities (p<0.05). This is strong evidence that the increase of submerged plants in mixed plant communities has a positive effect on efficiency as a habitat for cladocerans. Although submeged plants do not contribute significantly to their landscape/aesthetic value because they are submerged in water, they have the effect of increasing species diversity in terms of biology, so they should be considered important when creating/restoring wetlands.