• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.259-265
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• 2003

The physiological changes and antioxidant enzyme activities of plug seedlings irradiated with 4 kJ${\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}d^{-1}$ UV-B or sprayed growth inhibitors of 50 ${\cdot}L^{-1}$ diniconazole and 500 mg${\cdot}L^{-1}$ hexaconazole for retarding the overgrowth of cucumber, tomato and hot pepper seedlings in summer season were investigated. Photosynthetic rate just after UV-B irradiation was significantly low but recovered to the level of non-treated seedlings 10 days after IV-B irradiation. And photosynthetic rate of chemical-sprayed seedlings was slightly lower in tomatoes but not different in cucumbers and peppers, compared with non-treated seedlings. Cholrophyll contens in the leaves showed no difference among treatments. Anthocyanin contents in the leaves of UV-B-irradiated seedlings were higher and no difference inchmical-sprayed seedlings, compared with non-treated seedlings. the activites of SOD(superoside dismutase), CAT )catalase), and POD(perosidase) of UV-B-irradated seedlings were higher thatn those of the non-irradiated seedlings just after UV-B irradiation. However. 10 days after UV-B irradiation, the activities were decreased to half of the value just after UV-B irradiation Whereasd the activies of chemical-sprayed seedlings were slightly higher than those of non-treated ones but lower than those of UV-B-irradiated one.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.301-304
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• 2013

Otic mass removal was performed in a 19-month-old, castrated domestic shorthair cat. The patient had 1- year history of recurrent otitis externa, and then otic mass in the right ear canal was found. Under general anesthesia, 2.7 mm rigid endoscope was inserted to the right ear canal with the irrigation system. The ovoid-shaped, 4.9 mm in diameter red otic mass located in the right ear canal was removed via traction-avulsion. Then, rupture of the tympanic membrane was revealed and otic flushing was performed with sterile isotonic (0.9%) saline to remove exudates. Histologically, the removed polyp was diagnosed as granulation tissue with severe ulceration. The patient didn't reveal any remarkable abnormality after surgery, and no recurrence were found after 5 months follow up. The video otoscopy seems to offer a useful option for treatment of a feline inflammatory polyp.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.58 no.3
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• pp.232-238
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• 2013

An experiment was conducted to determine the content of phenolics and flavonoids, antioxidant activity and antioxidant enzyme status for the extracts from 5 and 7-day old sprouts (DOS) of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp). Total phenolics [mg ferulic acid equivalents (FAE) $kg^{-1}$ DW] content was highest in cotyledon extracts (48.8 mg $kg^{-1}$), followed by roots (30.8 mg $kg^{-1}$) and hypocotyl (22.2 mg $kg^{-1}$) extracts (p < 0.05) from 5 DOS. The result of total flavonoid level [mg rutin equivalents $kg^{-1}$ DW] had same tendency to the results of total phenolics, showing lower amount ranges. The antioxidant activity of the methanol extracts from all the plant dose-dependently increased. DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl radical) free radical scavenging activity was higher in cotyledon extracts (82.5%) than in root (52.6%) or hypocotyl parts (35.0%) from 5 DOS. Among antioxidant enzymes, APX and CAT activities were highest in cotyledon part and POX and SOD activities in root part of 5 and 7 DOS. The results showed that total phenolics content ($r^2$ = 0.1516~0.9911) were more highly correlated with antioxidant activity than total flavonoids level ($r^2$ = 0.0113~0.9442), and that the level and activity of physiological-active substances were different depending on plant part of the sprout.

• Journal of Aquaculture
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.268-274
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• 2004

Olive flounder was treated with oxytetracycline (OTC) and changes in blood physiology, antioxidant enzymes and heat shock protein (HSP) were recorded to obtain preliminary data for optimal OTC treatment. Blood parameters were measured 1 and 3 h after the OTC treatments at the concentration of 0 (control), 100, 300 and 500 ppm for I h. Hematocrit decreased with time, however the difference was not significant (P>0.05). Reduced number of red blood cell was observed with increasing OTC concentration. Serum glucose level increased as the OTC concentration increased. However, glucose level was similar to control after 3 h. Blood total protein decreased immediately after the OTC treatment but increased after 1 and 3 h. However, the increment in blood total protein was low. Activities of superoxide dismutase enzymes in 300 and 500 ppm groups increased by the OTC concentration. Catalase enzyme activity was negatively affected by the OTC concentration. However, the differences were not significant (P>0.05). High expression of HSP-70 protein was recorded for groups treated with 100 and 500 ppm compared to that of the control group. However HSP-70 mRNA showed a lower increment which was not significant (P>0.05).

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.63-70
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• 2012

Larix kaempferi and Betula costata seedlings were grown under an elevated temperature ($27^{\circ}C$) for four weeks to understand initial changes on physiological characteristics caused by temperature rising in connection with global warming. At the end of the treatment, growth performance, leaf pigment content, antioxidative enzyme activities and malondialdehyde (MDA) content were measured and analyzed. Relative growth rates of the height of two tree species grown under elevated temperature ($27^{\circ}C$) were lower than those of control ($24^{\circ}C$) and dry weights of leaves, stems and roots were also reduced at higher temperature. Particularly, the root growth reduction of two tree species increased markedly at $27^{\circ}C$ over the study period, which increased the ratio of shoot to root. Under higher temperature, leaf pigment contents decreased, whereas anti-oxidative enzyme activities such as ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and catalase (CAT) increased as compared with the control. But MDA content was not affected by elevated temperature. In conclusion, the elevated temperature leads to root growth reduction, restriction of nutrient uptake from soil and the reduction of leaf pigment contents, which can inhibit the aboveground growth. In addition, higher temperature might act as a stress factor that causes growth reduction through the increase of energy consumption during a growth period.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.300-305
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• 2005

A transcriptionally active fragment $(P_{19})$ isolated by utilizing the promoter-probe shuttle vector pSK1Cat was analyzed. By subcloning analysis, the 180 bp region $(P_{180})$ responsible for the activity was determined. Transcriptional fusion of the C. glutamicum metX gene to $P_{180}\;(P_{180}-metX)$ resulted in a 24-fold increase in MetX activity in a complex medium, while a 13-fold increase was observed with the $P_{tac}$ promoter. Additionally, the expression conferred by $P_{180}$ was not affected by methionine added to the growth medium, suggesting that the $P_{180}$ clone is useful for the deregulated expression of biosynthetic genes in C. glutamicum during amino acid fermentation. Introduction of $P_{180}-metX$ into a lysine-producing C. glutamicum resulted in the production of methionine to 0.8 g/l.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.439-443
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• 1997

While the contents of protein, fat, fiber, sodium, vitamin A, and vitamin D in dry dog food were 22.0%, 7.8%. 5.4%, 0.36%, 2035 IU/100g and 201 IU/100g, respectevely, those in dry cat food were 29.8%, 6.5%, 4.5%, 0.38%, 1543 IU/100g and 163 IU/100g, respectively. Concerning the lipid contents of pet food, the concentration of unsturated fatty acid was slightly higher of dry dog food(59.2%) than that of dry cat food(55.9%), but the differences was statistically not significant. The lipid peroxide concentration in dry dog food after storage in a refrigerator at $4^{\circ}C$ or dark place of room temperture at $20{\pm}2^{\circ}C$ for 30 days(8.0 nmol/g and 7.8 nmol/g) was not different from the value at the beginning of storage. However, upon storage in direct sunlight at $20{\pm}2^{\circ}C$ of room temperture, the concentration increased 4.9-fold(35.5 nmol/g) after 5 days and 10.2-fold(73.6 nmol/g) after 30 days. These results suggest that pet food may be refrigerated or stored in a dark place after unsealing.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.726-728
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• 2010

Autosomal-dominant polycystic kidney disease (AD-PKD) is common in Persian and Persian-related breeds, and is sporadically reported in Scottish Fold cats. A 5-year-old male Scottish Fold cat was diagnosed with polycystic kidney disease based on screening tests and abdominal ultrasonography and died 3.5 months after diagnosis. The cat had 14 kittens with three queens, including his female sibling, with an age range of 3 months to 8 years. Genetic testing to confirm the genetic transmission of AD-PKD which detects the mutated PKD1 gene was performed. Abdominal ultrasonography confirmed the presence of renal cysts. Nineteen cats were screened in the present study (13 males and 6 females), with an age range of 3 months to 8 years. The results of renal ultrasonography agreed with the genetic test results in the 19 cats in which both tests were performed and 8 cats were diagnosed as ADPKD based on these tests. AD-PKD has not been investigated in cats in South Korea. Moreover, this is the first report of AD-PKD in a family unit of Scottish Fold cats.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.443-450
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• 2017

This study was done to investigate the protective effects of ethanol extract puerariae radix(Pr) on carbon tetrachloride($CCl_4$) intoxicated rats. Male sprague Dawley rats(200~210g)was used. experimental groups were divided into normal group, $CCl_4$-control group, and ethanol extract $CCl_4$-treated group. $CCl_4$-treated groups were injected with $CCl_4$ 0.6mg/kg.b.w(i.p). The activities of Alanine aminotransferase(ALT), Aspartate aminotransferase(AST), Alkaline phosphatase(ALP), Glutamyltranspeptidase(${gamma}$-GT), Lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) in extract pretrated group was significantly decreased(p<0.05) compared to the $CCl_4$-control group. The contents of triglyceride, cholesterol and lipid peroxide were significantly decreased(p<0.05). whereas content of HDL-choresterol was significantly increased.(p<0.05). In addition, activities of hepatic catalase(CAT), glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px) in the extract pretreated rats were significantly decreased(p<0.05) compared to the $CCl_4$-control group. but the content of glutathione(GSH) was significantly increased(p<0.05). These results suggest that extract of puerariae radix(Pr) has hepatoprotective effect in the $CCl_4$-intoxicated rats.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.138-145
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• 2014

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: This study was performed to investigate the in vitro antioxidant and cytoprotective effects of fermented sesame sauce (FSeS) against hydrogen peroxide ($H_2O_2$)-induced oxidative damage in renal proximal tubule LLC-PK1 cells. MATERIALS/METHODS: 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), hydroxyl radical ($^{\bullet}OH$), and $H_2O_2$ scavenging assay was used to evaluate the in vitro antioxidant activity of FSeS. To investigate the cytoprotective effect of FSeS against $H_2O_2$-induced oxidative damage in LLC-PK1 cells, the cellular levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), lipid peroxidation, and endogenous antioxidant enzymes including catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-px) were measured. RESULTS: The ability of FSeS to scavenge DPPH, $^{\bullet}OH$ and $H_2O_2$ was greater than that of FSS and AHSS. FSeS also significantly inhibited $H_2O_2$-induced ($500{\mu}M$) oxidative damage in the LLC-PK1 cells compared to FSS and AHSS (P < 0.05). Following treatment with $100{\mu}g/mL$ of FSeS and FSS to prevent $H_2O_2$-induced oxidation, cell viability increased from 56.7% (control) to 83.7% and 75.6%, respectively. However, AHSS was not able to reduce $H_2O_2$-induced cell damage (viability of the AHSS-treated cells was 54.6%). FSeS more effectively suppressed $H_2O_2$-induced ROS generation and lipid peroxidation compared to FSS and AHSS (P < 0.05). Compared to the other sauces, FSeS also significantly increased cellular CAT, SOD, and GSH-px activities and mRNA expression (P < 0.05). CONCULUSIONS: These results from the present study suggest that FSeS is an effective radical scavenger and protects against $H_2O_2$-induced oxidative damage in LLC-PK1 cells by reducing ROS levels, inhibiting lipid peroxidation, and stimulating antioxidant enzyme activity.