So far, the cultivated peony is known to be originated from an indigenous species, Paeonia albiflora $P_{ALLAS}$ var. trichocarpa $B_{UNGE}$ (PAT). In this study, these two species were morphologically examined in the external and internal feature and in the pattern of callus formation by tissue culture. Also, they were compared with another indigenous species, P. japonica $M_{IYABE}$ et $T_{AKEDA}$ var. pilosa $N_{AKAI}$ (PJ), which were regarded as being scarcely related to them. The root of the cultivated peony is massive consisting with several storage roots, each of them is a hypotrophic and fusiform. The root of PAT consists of several storage roots, each of them is branching and slender. And the storage root of PJ is short, bended buried horizontally, protruding a number of corpulent lateral root. The secondary xylem of the cultivated peony is small clusters of vessels and xylem fibres are arranged in scalariform and among these cluster, single vessel is joined, but that of PAT is small clusters of vessels are arranged in separate scalariform but are not connected with each other and that of PJ is vessels and xylem fibers are grouped together in elongated clusters that radiate outward from the center. Protoxylem of the cultivated peony is surrounded by four large metaxylem, but that of PAT and PJ by seven. On the other hand, the callus formation patterns of these peonies were different; the cultivated peony callus is formed in an orderly fashion by the mammalate meristematic cell groups, PAT callus is in disorder by the meristematic cells arranged in linear, and PJ callus is in order by the meristematic cells arranged in linear. By the comparison of three different plants in the anatomical appearance and the callus formation pattern, it is evident that the cultivated peony is not derived from PAT.

There have been reported by several workers for the isolation and determination of the amine derivatives as Metbylephedrine Hydrochloride and Ephedrine Hydrochloride adopting neutralization method, steam distillation method, non-aqous titration method, ion-exchange resin method, titration method after acetylation, colorimetric method, gravimetric method, iodine titration method and gas chromatography. Those methods mentioned in above, can be practically applied for the sample which is not mixed one mith the other amine compounds. Presently, it has not shown on the isolative determination of the mixed sample of amine derivatives. In this paper, it is discussed on the isolative determination of Methylephedrine Hydrochloride as the tertiary amine compound and Ephedrine Hydrochloride as the secondary amine compound. According to the results of the experiment, it could be summarized as follows: 1. There is no time-variation on the color reaction of Methylephedrine Hydrochloride and Ephedrine Hydrochloride with the color reagent, bromcresolgreen. And Methylephedrine Hydrochloride and Ephedrine Hydrochloride, respectively, can be determined spectrophotometrically by means oft his color reaction. 2. For the isolation of Methylephedrine Hydrochloride and Ephedrine Hydrochloride from the mixed sample, Methylephedrine Hydrochloride can be eluted by chloroform, while Ephedrine Hydrochloride by the mixed solvent of chloroform and ethylalcohol (2:1), from the celite column adsorbed at pH6.4 followed by extraction with ether undersodium hydroxide alkali re action. 3. When the sample is mixed with quinine hydrochloride, dihydrocodeine bitartate, and noscapine, these mixed compounds can be eliminated by means of stram distillation. 4. When the sample is mixed with chlorpheniramine maleate, dextromethorphan hydrobromide and diphenhydramine hydrochloride, the mixed compounds can be eliminated by means of steam distillation and celite adsorption column chromatography, In conclusion, the isolative determination method for Methylephedrine Hydrochloride and Ephedrine Hydrochloride studied in this paper, indicates with the excellent reproducibility and accuracy.