Objectives and methods : The Standards for Reporting Interventions in Clinical Trials of Acupuncture (STRICTA) were published in five journals in 2001 and 2002. These guidelines, in the form of a checklist and explanations for use by authors and journal editors, were designed to improve reporting of acupuncture trials, particularly the interventions, thereby facilitating their interpretation and replication. Subsequent reviews of the application and impact of STRICTA have highlighted the value of STRICTA as well as scope for improvements and revision. To manage the revision process a collaboration between the STRICTA Group, the CONSORT Group, and the Chinese Cochrane Centre was developed in 2008. An expert panel with 47 participants was convened that provided electronic feedback on a revised draft of the checklist. At a subsequent face-to-face meeting in Freiburg, a group of 21 participants further revised the STRICTA checklist and planned dissemination. Results : The new STRICTA checklist, which is an official extension of CONSORT, includes six items and 17 sub-items. These set out reporting guidelines for the acupuncture rationale, the details of needling, the treatment regimen, other components of treatment, the practitioner background, and the control or comparator interventions. In addition, and as part of this revision process, the explanations for each item have been elaborated, and examples of good reporting for each item are provided. In addition, the word "controlled" in STRICTA is replaced by "clinical", to indicate that STRICTA is applicable to a broad range of clinical evaluation designs, including uncontrolled outcome studies and case reports. Conclusions : It is intended that the revised STRICTA, in conjunction with both the main CONSORT Statement and extension for nonpharmacologic treatment, will raise the quality of reporting of clinical trials of acupuncture.

Objective & Methods : The purpose of this study is to observe the effects of herbal- acupuncture with Achyranthis Radix(AR-HA) at GB34(Yangleungchean) on hyperlipidemia in rats. The author performed several experimental items to analyze the levels of various components and enzymes in serum and liver, as well as the histological changes of liver and aorta. Results : 1. Achyranthis Radix herbal acupuncture solution increased DPPH radical scavenging activity and HMG-CoA reductase inhibition rate in rat liver cells. 2. AR-HA at GB34 decreased the level of serum total cholesterol, and increased the ratios of HDL-cholesterol to total cholesterol, phospholipid to total cholesterol in hyperlipidemic rat. 3. AR-HA at GB34 decreased the hepatic HMG-CoA reductase activity in hyperlipidemic rat. 4. AR-HA at GB34 increased the hepatic GSH level in hyperlipidemic rat. Conclusion : From the above results, it is suggested that AR-HA at GB34 has a therapeutic effect on hyperlipidemia.

Objectives : The moxibustion is the method using the heat stimulation done by attached and burned a moxa on a healing point or acupuncture point with chemical stimulation of a resin made from burning them. The purpose of this study is to find the physical and thermal characteristics of moxibustion in order to standardize the moxa therapy method. Methods : In this study, the thermal changes were observed by means of a testo 845 device, which is an infra-red thermometer to measure the thermal changes. Results & Conclusions : 1. The thermal changes on the external surface of moxibustion did not depend on the weight of the moxa; the external surface temperature was about $500^{\circ}C$. 2. The central thermal changes depend on the weight of moxa; the central temperatures ranged from $500^{\circ}C$ to $700^{\circ}C$. 3. The burning duration of moxibustion depend on the weight of moxa but that of external surface temperature did not depend on the weight of moxa in high degree : about $400^{\circ}C$. 4. The integral values of central and external temperature curves were proportional to the weight of moxa; that is central temperature curves were higher than that of external.

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to investigate for rhinitis of middle school students and to confirm the effect of oriental medical treatments on rhinitis. We proceeded with this oriental medical treatment programs in collaboration with community health center. Methods : We have given oriental medical treatment, such as herbal medicines(pillet type Gamisinicheongpye-um and ointment) and intradermal acupuncture therapy at Hapgok (LI4), Yeonghyang (LI20), Indang, Bi-ik points, to patients for 9 weeks. Results of this treatment program were evaluated on a 4-point-scale depends on symptoms ; 'severe ()', 'moderate (++)', 'mild (+)' and 'no symptom (-)'. Results : After oriental medical treatments, rhinitis symptoms (sneezing, rhinorrhea, nasal obstruction, nasal itching and dysosmia) were improved significantly compared to before treatments (p<0.05). Conclusions : We confirmed rhinitis treated with oriental medicine should significant improvement and suggest that it is necessary to expand oriental medical treatment programs in collaboration with community health center.

Objectives : The aim of the study is to draw a consensus in acupuncture point locations (APLs) which are frequently used in experimental animal studies. Well-documented APL is needed not only for human but also for rodents because stimulation of precise point is very important factor in acupuncture. Methods : We organized a committee with experts to reach a consensus on the APLs in rat. The subject points were limited to 22 points used in the papers published at international peer-review journals. To describe point locations, we adopted the syntax of sentence used in the WHO standard acupuncture point locations. Results : Locations of 22 acupuncture points such as ST36, LI4, PC6, and SP6 were described in English with photographic illustrations. Interestingly, we found that ST36 had been inserted into 2 different locations in rodent. Under consideration of practical use, the location of ST36 point was described in 2 different ways. Conclusion : We hope that newly developed APLs would be a good indicator of acupuncture experiments in rats and mice.

Objective : In this study, we try to identify the herbal formulated by Heo Im from Kyeongheombang(經驗方), and investigate its medical property. Method : Those articles referenced from Heo Im's herbal formulas in "Sauikyeongheombang(四醫經驗方)" were extracted and results were quantitatively analyzed. From extracted empirical formulas, those categorized as externally applicable formulas were grouped by several standards and their medical significance was analyzed. Results and Conclusions : 85 and 66 articles were designated to be referred from Heo(許) in "Sauikyeongheombang" and "Uibanghapbu(醫方合部)" in each category, and 263 and 155 were identified to be Heo Im formulas, respectively. Externally applicable formulas in Heo Im's empirical recipes have following characteristics. First, various methods were used by Heo Im. Second, Heo Im's empirical formulas suggest useful clinical information maximizing therapeutic effect, which is of much value, originated from his practical experiences as a clinician. Third, Heo Im's therapy favorably succeeds the tradition of Hyangyak-medicine and Empirical -medicine. From this information, Heo Im is thought to have had rich insight and experience, not only in acupuncture but also in the prescription of herbal formulas at those days.

Background : The location of acupoints on rat, which may differ from that of human body due to anatomical structure, is defined variously among researchers, which may cause the problem of low repeatability and objectivity. Design : The measurement of hind limb consist of measuring the distance between knee joint and tibia tubercle in order to set the knee joint as common criteria. Based on it, the three mostly referred location of ST36 were represented with the knee joint as a datum point and compared. The electroacupuncture stimulation was administrated after the abdominal pain was induced by acetic acid. And the analgesic activity of each ST36 acupoint was evaluated by measuring the number of writhing reflex, in order to observe the differences of treatment effect in accordance with the location of ST36 acupoints. Results : The result of measurement confirmed the differences in the acupoint location of ST36 among researchers. The writhing reflex test using the acetic acid-induced abdominal pain stimulated with electroacupuncture of 100Hz showed that there were statistically significant differences in the analgesic effect between control group and three ST36 groups (P<0.05). However there were no differences observed among three mostly referred location of ST36 acupoints (P>0.05). Conclusions : We recommend "the point located 6.5 mm below the knee joint at the anterior tibial muscle" as a standard ST36 acupoint location qualified by the WHO Standard Acupuncture Point Locations in 2008.

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of Bacillus-fermented Scutellariae Radix acupuncture solution (SB) on chemokine and growth factor production in RAW 264.7 mouse macrophages stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Methods : Productions of chemokine and growth factor were measured by High-throughput Multiplex Bead based Assay with Bio-plex Suspension Array System based on xMAP$^{(R)}$ technology. Firstly, cell culture supernatant was obtained after treatment with LPS (1 ${\mu}g$/mL) and SB for 24 hours. Then, it was incubated with the antibody-conjugated beads for 30 minutes. Detection antibody was then added and incubated for 30 minutes. After incubated for 30 minutes, strepavidin-conjugated phycoerythrin (SAPE) was added. After another 30 minutes incubation, the level of SAPE fluorescence was analyzed in Bio-plex Suspension Array System. Results : The results of the experiment are as follows. 1. SB significantly inhibited the LPS-induced production of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), interferon-inducible protein (IP)-10, and granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) at the concentration of 25, 50, 100, and 200 ${\mu}g$/mL in RAW 264.7 cells (P < 0.05). 2. SB significantly inhibited the LPS-induced production of Eotaxin at the concentration of 25, 100, and 200 ${\mu}g$/mL in RAW 264.7 cells (P < 0.05). 3. SB significantly inhibited the LPS-induced production of MIP-$1\alpha$ at the concentration of 25 and 100 ${\mu}g$/mL in RAW 264.7 cells (P < 0.05). Conclusions : These results suggest that SB has immuno-modulatory property related with its inhibition of VEGF, IP-10, G-CSF, and Eotaxin production in macrophages.

Objectives : The aim of the study is to analyze various studies subjected to sachonghyeol (SCH; Four command points) including ST36, BL40, LU7, LI4 in Korean literature. Methods : To analyze the results of SCH studies, The search was made through OASIS database. The search terms used were "ST36 OR BL40 OR LU7 OR LI4". Of 147 papers, 2 irrelevant papers were excluded and finally 145 papers were analyzed. Results : Thirty two studies were associated with pain control in various conditions using SCH. The pain control study of SCH covered 22 % of total studies. The next study topic was digestive function of SCH. Conclusion : To expand the clinical usage of SCH, the studies based on regulating function of SCH on ascending and descending ki, and coming in and out of ki are required to be performed in the future.

Background : The Bonghan theory is a hypothesis on the anatomical structure of the acupuncture point and meridian system. It has been regarded as a misunderstanding of the lymphatic system, or as a made-up story, for the past 40 years. Since 2002, Many studies have been published either to support the theory or to refute the old viewpoint. Objective : The purpose of this study was to find out the validity of the refutation by reviewing the publications. Methods : Searches were made from online databases (Riss4u.net, Google.com, Sciencedirect.com, Pubmed.com, baidu.com, and ci.nii.ac.jp) from 1960 to 2009. The search terms that were used were "Bonghan," "Bong han," "봉한," "thread-like structure," "KИM БOH XaHOM", "CИCTEMA KEHPAK," "鳳漢," "鳳漢管," and "鳳漢学說." References from the searched publications were also used. Results : Since the 1960s, 107 publications were identified as related works, but only 11 publications sought to refute the Bonghan theory. Two publications were researches, and nine were reviews. In the analysis of the correlation of the arguments with the publication contents, it was found that the research of G. Kellner reviewed the Bonghan system properly but that V. V. Kosmatov did not classify the ear-reflex zone as a traditional acupuncture point. For the review publications, only two reviews contained proper arguments, but seven publications were identified as broad interpretations, wrong translations, etc. Moreover, the two proper reviews were grounded on the research of G. Kellner. Conclusions : We found that the scientific origin of the refutation of the Bonghan theory is only one research by G. Kellner. This result suggest that Bonghan theory was not discussed enough to determine the invention.

Objective : The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of the fire needling therapy treatment on the biceps tendinitis. Methods : Fire needling therapy was administered five times to the patient complaining with biceps tendinitis. The improvement of clinical symptom was evaluated by McGill Pain Questionnaire -Short Form(SF-MPQ), Visual Analogue Scale(VAS) and Shoulder Pain, and Disability Index (SPADI). Result : After fire needling therapy to the biceps tendinitis patient five times, the patient's SF-MPQ score, VAS, and SPADI improved from 24 to 11, from 9 to 4, and from 33.6 to 14.8 respectively. Conclusions : Fire needling for biceps tendinitis should be tested in future randomized clinical trials.