Chemicals for cosmetics, including skin, the skin absorbs some of the research in the field of science or pharmacy recently, about the environment and the health of the heightened interest in skin absorption. Many other human attributes and absorption evaluation studies are underway in various areas. This study were used rats and carried out to find out the effects of commercial permanent wave products to skin which are composed with thioglycolic acid and bases. Results were as follows. Permanent wave penetrated to 3 hours later with steady state in skins and was not significant changeable after 20hr later. In case of neutralizer with thioglycolic acid lag time and permeability coefficient in healthy skin were 3.32hr and $0.101{\mu}g/cm^2/hr$, in old skin were 3.08hr and $0.117{\mu}g/cm^2/hr$, and in wounded skin were 3.02hr and $0.166{\mu}g/cm^2/hr$. In conclusion, lag time and permeability coefficient in old skin and wounded skin were faster than healthy skin. In vivo, We were studied to general time and method of permanent wave. We found out that fine wrinkle and rash of skin were changeable in the case of treating with permanent wave drugs than normal skin.

In an attempt to find natural sources of antioxidants and whitening agents, Comparisons of the antioxidative and tyrosinase inhibitory activities of various ethanol extracts of Astragali Radix, Atractylodis Rhizoma Alba and Acanthopanacis Cortex were carried out. Comparison of the four ethanol extracts revealed that, Astragali Radix had the highest electron-donating ability(72.5%) and the highest SOD-like ability(26.1%). The xanthine oxidase experiment exhibited a hindrance effect of 88.5% in Atractylodis Rhizoma Alba, 81.1% in Acanthopanacis Cortex, 75.8% in Astragali Radix. A tyrosinase inhibitory activity assay was conducted to evaluate the whitening effects of the extracts, The tyrosinase inhibitory activity was 42.1% in the Acanthopanacis Cortex, 37.2% in the Atractylodis Rhizoma Alba, 6.0% in the Astragali Radix. Based on these results, we suggest that the ethanol extracts of Astragali Radix, Atractylodis Rhizoma Alba and Acanthopanacis Cortex can be used as food and cosmetic ingredients.

Caprylic/Capric triglyceride-in-water emulsions stabilized by Nikkol HCO-60 and HCO-10 were prepared using emulsion inversion point method at different HLB values. Emulsions with various droplet sizes were formed, and emulsion inversion point was detected by electrical conductivity. The change in emulsion droplet sizes and long term stability were monitored using laser scattering method and visual method. The droplet sizes and stability of emulsions were affected by HLB of surfactant. At emulsion inversion point, the water volume fraction increased as the HLB of surfactants decreased. According to our analysis, this resulted from a tendency of forming the W/O (water-in-oil) emulsion as the HLB of surfactants was decreased. The emulsion inversion point was clearly detected by the microscope and the electric conductivity meter. Nanometer-sized emulsion was obtained at the optimum HLB by using emulsion inversion point method. The main pattern of instability of emulsions in HLB 12 and 13 systems was Ostwald ripening. However, The patterns of instability of emulsions below 11 of HLB systems were Ostwald ripening and coalescence. All emulsions produced with surfactants in the range of HLB 8-13, creaming caused by density difference between water phase and oil phase.

We have produced, characterized and compared different colloidal vehicles based on nanoemulsions. We also have investigated morphology and droplet distribution by means of electron microscope and photon correlation spectroscopy. Nanoemulsion systems characterized by different method on formulations have been obtained. Hydration power has been studied by means of a corneometer, measuring the skin electrical capacitance before and after the application of various type of skin lotions. It has been demonstrated that nanoemulsion with oil or fatty alcohol displayed a pronounced hydration power with respect to the solubilization system. In order to compare the smoothness of the skin after using skin lotion, we have measured the friction force. The skin lotions produced by nanoemulsion technique show improved smoothness of an atopic skin.

The benzophenone derivatives(4-$CH_3O$-4'-$NO_2$ and 3,4'-di-$NO_2$) are synthesized by the Fridel-Craft acylation and the nitration method. Electrochemical redox potentials of the benzophenone derivatives (4-$CH_3O$, H, 3-Cl, 3-$NO_2$, 4-$NO_2$, 4-$CH_3O$-4'-$NO_2$, 3,4'-di-$NO_2$) are measured by using cyclic voltammometry. In the relationship of summing Hammett value and redox potential, we find a proportional constant$(\rho)$ that shows a good relation with an electrochemical property and a reactivity of the benzophenone derivatives. The benzophenone substituted with the electron donating groups(4-$OCH_3$ and 4-$OCH_3-4'-NO_2$) are higher the energy in the LUMO level, then increasing a band-gap energy$(E_g)$, their $E_gs$ are obtained as a 3.94 eV and 3.59 eV, respectively.

Today, wastes of much quantity by fast industrialization and increase in population, population concentration etc. of modem society are increasing. Much oyster shell is breeding by character and conduct of oyster-industry for a long time among them. Oyster shell which breed by-product in oyster cultivating industry that specific gravity of domestic seashore cultivating industry is high is causing environmental problem by problem and so on hindrance, nature spectacle's waste and health hygiene on administration if it is pollution of district along the coast fishing ground, number of public ownership being stored in open area in seashore. About new material just-in-time through recycling and he of oyster shell by these problem wide that study. Go forward more and investigate special quality that is oyster shell's physical chemistry red in this research and oyster shell oyster shell which cause several environmental problems developing ability agricultural chemicals that use this encapsulating micro by ability carrier that is environmentally application possibility examine wish to.

At this study, we are developing a possible control system through remote monitoring for fire protection in various chemical factory facilities. It's possible to do real time confirmation of a normal operation presence of the various equipment installed in a chemical factory through the internet network at a fire fighting head office, an area fire department and a chemical factory situation room using this remote monitoring control system. When occurring, abnormal operation is the remote monitoring control system, which can check this immediately and notify the situation room administrator. After it was tested using developed remote monitoring control system, the remote monitoring for which the internet network was used confirmed possible.

In this work, a novel series of aminoisoquinolinylamide derivatives 1a-c and 2a-f were synthesized via several reaction steps, starting from 2-methyl-4-nitrobenzonitrile (3) and 1-chloro-5-nitroquinoline (8). And their antiproliferative activities were screened against A375 human melanoma cell line compared to Sorafenib as a reference compound. Among them, compound 1b and 1c exhibited meaningful inhibitory activities. These results demonstrated that aminoisoquinolinylamide scaffold possesses the possibility as the treatment for melanoma.

A comparative analysis of the hindered amine light stabilizers (HALS) and UV abosrber (UVA) and their respective photostabilizing effect on wood plastic composites (WPCs) are reported in this study. The influence of accelerated weathering on the mechanical properties of the composites and the microscopic morphology of a degraded layer on the cross section and the surface were studied. UV absorbers were more efficient at preventing composite lightening than was UV stabilizer. The amount of whitening decreased with the increase of photostabilizers. With the addition of a UV absorber (Tinuvin360), the tensile modulus and strength of the composites increased slightly. However, the addition of a light stabilizer (Tinuvin770) and a UV absorber decreased the tensile modulus and strength of the composites. After 250 and 500 hr exposure, tensile modulus and strength of the un stabilized and stabilized composites decreased. The tensile strength of UV absorber (Chimassorb81)-stabilized composites was significantly greater than that of control and light stabilizer (Tinuvin770)- and UV absorber (Tinuvin360)-stabilized composites. UV absorber-stabilized samples showed less whitening and photodegradation than control and light stabilizer-stabilized samples.

The esterification of the reactants of Jatropha oil and methanol added by propyleneglycol was done using p-TSA catalyst. And then the emulsification of triglyceride and methanol was conduced by 1.0vol% GMS. The emulsified reactants were transesterified at $65^{\circ}C$ using TMAH and mixed catalyst (50wt%-TMAH+50wt%-NaOH) respectively. The esterification conversion at the 1:8 molar ratio of free fatty acid to methanol using 8.0wt% p-TSA was 94.7% within 80min. The overall conversion at the 1:8 molar ratio of mixed fat(50wt% Beef Tallow) to methanol and $65^{\circ}C$ using mixed catalyst was 95.4% The cloud point of Biodiesel decreased with the addition of petroleum diesel.

In the previous study, we reported the antioxidative activity and inhibition of melanogenesis of Ligularia stenocephala extracts. In this study, inhibitory effect on elastase and production type I procollagen were investigated. The compounds which was investigated were 4-hydroxyacetophenone, vanillin, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid isolated from Ligularia stenocephala. They were slightly mild on elastase inhibition activity but 4-hydroxyacetophenone, vanillin exhibited good inhibition activity on collagen production. These results suggest that Ligularia stenocephala may have potential as an anti-aging ingredient in cosmetics.

We have tested the stability of paeoniflorin, a new cosmetic ingredient, extracted from the roots of Paeoniae lactiflora. The stability of aqueous paeoniflorin solution at pH 3, 5 and 7 varied by adding buffer solution was tested at $0^{\circ}C,\;25^{\circ}C,\;40^{\circ}C,\;and\;65^{\circ}C$. The test was performed with or without UV light. The solution of paeoniflorin was stable at pH 3.0, however, the recovery rate of paeoniflorin was 40% at pH 7.0. The stability of paeoniflorin solution was decreased as the pH of paeoniflorin solution was increased by pH 7.0. The effect of storage temperature of paeoniflorin solution shows that the stability of paeoniflorin solution was decreased as the temperature was increased. The stability of paeoniflorin was rather good under UV light than the condition given above $40^{\circ}C$. The stability of paeoniflorin in W/O emulsions shows similar pattern to that of aqueous solution.

Silicone dioxide absorbed polyoxyethylene alkylether sulfate (EU-S133D) surfactant was prepared. Core-shell polymers of inorganic/organic pair, which have both core and shell component, were synthesized by sequential emulsion polymerization using Acrylate as a shell monomer and potassium persulfate (KPS) as an initiator. We found that when Acrylate core prepared by adding 2.0 wt% EU-S133D, silicone dioxide/Acrylate core-shell polymerization was carried out on the surface of silicone dioxide particle without forming the new silicone dioxide particle during acrylate shell polymerization in the inorganic/organic core-shell polymer preparation. The structure of core-shell polymer were investigated by measuring to the thermal decomposition of polymer composite using thermogravimetric analyzer and morphology of latex by scanning electron microscope(SEM).

Solution copolymerization of Styrene(St.) with 2-Hydroxypropylacrylate(2-HPA) was carried out with Benzoylperoxide(BPO) as an initiator in toluene at $80^{\circ}C$ in a batch reactor. Reaction volume and reaction time were 0.3 liters, 8 hours respectively. The time to reach steady state was about the six time. The monomer reactivity ratios, $r_1$(St.) and $r_2$(2-HPA) were determined by both the Kelen-Tudos method and the Fineman-Ross method ; $r_1$(St.)=0.376(0.330), $r_2$(2-HPA)=0.408(0.778). The activation energy of thermal decomposition was in the range of $33{\sim}55kcal/mol$.

Conventional additives were added to a newly synthesized base oil to create synthetic lubricants. Commercial polyol ester prepared in this laboratory were obtained as esterification of 1,1,1-trimethylol propane and respectively. This newly synthesized base oil had a variable chemical structure that could achieved the following properties; oxidation or thermal stability, low temperature fluidity, and higher flash points. When compared with commercial mineral lubricants, the synthetic lubricants show superior thermal and oxidation stability, and anti-wear properties.

Techniques measuring Maxwell displacement current (MDC) and LB films surface measuring technique have been applied to the study of monolayers of polyamic acid containing azobenzene. MDCs was generated from monolayers on the water surface by monolayer compression and expansion. It was generated when the area per molecule was about $103{\AA}^2\;and\;78{\AA}^2$ just before the initial rise of the surface pressure during the 1st and 2nd mixed monolayer compressions cycle, respectively. It was the maximum of MDCs appeared at the molecular area just before the initial rise of surface pressure in compression cycles, and we have found that the increase of aggregations causes the noticeable increase of the surface roughness.