In relation to the preparation of Langmuir-Blodgett thin film, four kinds of N-alkylpyridiniurn bromide were synthesized. The values of surface tensions of these materials, measured with a Traube stalagmometer, gave the relationship between the critical micells hydrophobic radical and between CMC and temperature. Values of thermodynamic properties(${\Delta}H^0_m,\;{\Delta}S^0_m,\;{\Delta}G^0_m,$) for the formatoin of micelle were also obtained. Experiments gave the following results; at the temperature range between 40 and 60$^{\circ}C, CMC of Hexadecyl-, Octadecyl-, Eicosyl-, and Docosyl-Pyridinium Bromide were $7.64{\times}10^{-4}{\sim}9.13{\times}10^{-4},\;3.85{\times}10^{-4}{\sim}4.60{\times}10^{-4},\;2.00{\times}10^{-4}{\sim}2.39{\times}10^{-4},\;and\;1.07{\times}10^{-4}{\sim}1.28{\times}10^{-4}$ mol/l, respectively. Surface tension, ${\Gamma}_{CMC}$, of those were 33.49${\sim}$36.00, 34.78${\sim}$37.61, 35.49${\sim}$37.61 and 38.76${\sim}$55.80 dyne/cm, respectively, The relationship between CMC and the mumber of carbon atoms in the hydrophobic radical, N was expressed as follows : Log(CMC)=A-BN where A and B are constants. At the temperature range between 40 and 60$^{\circ}C$, the change of Gibbs evergy (${\Delta}G_m$) for one methylene group ($-CH_2-$) were -0.65RT, respectively, The minus values of enthalpy change (${\Delta}H_m$) suggest that the formation of micelle is exothermic. Additionally, the overall increase in the entropy change (${\Delta}S_m$) with respect to the temperature increase suggests that the formation of micelle is attained by a exothermic enthalpy directed process.

Four novel amphoteric surfactants of N-(2-alkylamidoethyl)-N, N-dimethyl ammonioacetates were synthesized. The each reaction between four saturated fatty acids containing 10, 12, 14 and 16 carbon atoms and N, N-dimethylethylene diamine permitted to give the intermediate products, N-(2-alkylamidoethyl)-N, N-dimethylamines. Quaterinzation of these intermediates was permitted to form N-(2-alkylamidoethyl)-N, N-dimethyl, ammonioacetates, whose sturctures were identified by CC, TLC, elemental analysis, IR pectrophotometry and $^1$HNMR spectrometry. The products yielded from 48% to 58%. The isoelectric points were shown in the range of $4.30{\sim}6.64$. It showed a tendency to learn to the acidic site and its range was broadened as increase of the hydrophobic group length. Surface tensions of the aqueous solution in the $10^{-6}{\sim}10^{-1}$mol/l of amidobetaines were measured. and the critical micell concentration(cmc) were shown in the range of $8.37{\times}10^{-6}{\sim}8.96{\times}10^{-2}$mol/l, and ${\Gamma}_{cmc}$ were reduced to 32.3~38.2 dyne/cm. A linear relationship between log cmc and the number of carbon in the hydrophobic alkyl chain was presented by the formula of log cmc=2.38-0.5n, and the contribution-rate of n on the standard free energy change in micellization ${\partial}({\Delta}G^0$$_m)/{\partial}n$, was calulated as -0.5RT.

The study was accomplished to know the effects of garlic on body weight, and serum lipid, protein and glucose in male rats. The rats applied in this study were Sprague-Dawley strain of 42. In addition to basal diet, they were fed together raw garlic juice or ethanol garlic extract with 2.5% cholesterol solution solved by corn oil for 8 weeks respectively. These results were as follows. 1. The growth rate and efficiency ratio appeared to be more increased in ethanol garlic extract groups than in raw garlic juice groups. 2. The content of serum total cholesterol appeared to be the most decreased in 0.4ml ethanol garlic extract group. 3. The level of serum HDL-cholesterol had a tendency to be increased in all garlic groups. 4. Albumin/Globulin ratio appeared to be more decreased in raw garlic juice groups than in ethanol gar lie extract groups. 5. The level of serum glucose appeared to be more decreased in ethanol garlic extract groups than in raw garlic juice groups. Therefore we think that garlic is able to have an effect on atherosclerosis and diabetes.

As the result of the qualitative and quantitative analysis of the surfactant mixture, the main surfactant of the fast biodegradable detergent which were derived from vegetable oil was Sodium Lauryl Sulfate. The Detergents contained sodium lauryl sulfate, nonionic surfactant, soap, etc, as the rest sufactants. Linear Alkylbenzene Sulfonate and ${alpha}-Olefin$ Sulfonate which were derived from petroleum were not detected. The biodegradation rate of the detergent prepared from vegetable oil was faster than that of the detergent derived from petroleum stood in 7 days.

Hazadous properties were evaluated for Alkyl nitrates such as hexyl nitrate, decyl nitrate, dodecyl nitrate and 2-methyl pentyl nitrate, 2-hexyl ethyl nitrate. The thermochemical properties such as heat of vaporization, boiling point, flash point and kinetic parameter for aliphatic nitrate were measured to determine the hazadous properties of these compounds. The boiling points and heat of vaporization increase as the increase of alkyl chain length in alkyl nitrates. Flash point is a linear function of boiling point as same as alkanes. The rate equation in isothermal decomposition are 1/2 order and compensation effect is found between logarithm of frequency factor the activation energy, then the decomposition preceeds with simlar reaction mechanism for each nitrate.

The electrochemical oxidation of p-methoxyphenol and hydroquinone for wastewater treatment application was investigated on platinum anode. At the cyclic voltammetry, it was observed that nagative shift of peak potential of p-methoxyphenol and hydroqinone as the pH of electrolytes increases and the peak current showed higher at strong electrolytes than weak electrolytes. In the case of p-methoxyphenol, the optimum electrode potential of controlled potential electrolysis was observed at the potential region of 0.8-1.0 (V vs. SCE) and hydroquinone was showed at the potential of l.0(V vs. SCE). Specially the oxidation rate of p-methoxyphenol and hydroquinone was showed high value in the acid electrolytes.

The kinetics of hydrolysis of cinnamenylisophorone derivatives (${rho}-H,\;{rho}-Br,\;P-Cl,\;{rho}-OCH_3$) was investigated using ultraviolet spectrophotometry in 20%(v/v) dicxane-$H_2O$ at 25$^{\circ}C$. A rate equation which can be applied over wide pH range (pH $1.0{\sim}13.0$) was obtained. In order to investigate the substituent effects on cinnarnenylisophorone derivatives, Hammett constant was plotted. As the result, the rate of hydrolysis of cinnamenylisophorone derivatives was facilitated by electron donating group. Final products of the hydrolysis were benzaldehyde and isophorone, From the measurement of reaction rate constant according to pH changes, substituent effect, and final products, it was found that the hydrolysis of cinnarnenylisophorone derivatives was initiated by the neutral $H_2O$ molecule which does not dissociated at below pH 9.0, and in the range of pH $9.0{\sim}11.0$ this reaction occurs by $H_2O$ or hydroxide ion competitively, but proceeded by the hydroxide ion above pH 11.0. On the basis of this kinetic study, the reaction mechanism of the hydrolysis of cinnamenylisophorone derivatives was proposed.

These studies were carried out to investigate the effects of Korean Job's tears on increasing control of body weight and organ and lipid in rats which were devided into control group, 10% Job's tears group(A), 20% Job's tears group(B), 30% Job's tears group(C), 60% Job's tears group(D) during 10 week administration after 3 week adaption before the experiment. 1. Food intake amount and food efficiency ratio decreased much better Job's tears amount in diet controled of body weight increasing. 2. The organ weight in 100g body weight heavier better 60% Job's tears group(D) then control group. 3. Serum lipid level are rowed Total cholesterol, Free-cholesterol levels in 60% Job's tears group, showed highed of HDL-cholesterol, TG levels.

The kinetics of the addition of 1-benzylindole-3-(p-substituted) acetophenone derivatives was investigated by ultraviolet spectrophotometery in 30% dioxane -$H_2O\;at\;25^{\circ}C$. A rate equation which can be applied over wide pH range was obtained. The Substituent effects on 1-benzylindole-3-(p-substituted) acetophenone derivatives were studied, and addition were facilitated by electron attracting groups. On the base of the rate equation, substituent effect, and general base effect the plausible addition mechanism was proposed : Below pH 3.0, only neutral thiourea molecule was added to the carbon-carbon double bond, and in the range of pH 0.0${\sim}$14.0, netural thiourea molecule and thiourea anion competitively attacted the double bond. By contrast, above pH 10.0, the reaction was dependent upon only the addition of thiourea anion.

This study aimed to find out the effect of freeze-drying leek against cholesterol feeding rats on the cholesterol and lipid in serum, hemolysis in erythrocyte and blood pressure in rats tall. In this experiment, male rats of Wistar strain were used. The rats were divided into 3 groups in 8 weeks : basal diet, 1% cholesterol and 1% cholesterol and 1% leek. The followings are the results of this experiment. 1. In vitro, leek-ext, reduced the hemolysis. 2. Leek reduced VLDL, LDL/HDL-cholesterol in serum. 3. Leek reduced the blood pressure in rat's tail. 4. Leek reduced the fatty change in liver caused by cholesterol treatment. This experiment showed that leek-addition group had portective effect against cholesterol fed and decresed VLDL, LDL/HDL-cholesterol in serum, Leek alleviated hemolysis in erythrocyte, blood pressure in rat's tail and fatty change in liver. Therefore, this experiment concluded that leek has defensive power against cholesterol.