• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.54-57
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• 2005

A soft error rate neutrons is a growing problem fur terrestrial integrated circuits with technology scaling. In the acceleration test with high-density neutron beam, a latch-up prohibits accurate estimations of the soft error rate (SER). This paper presents results of analysis for the latch-up characteristics in the circumstance corresponding to the acceleration SER test for SRAM. Simulation results, using a two-dimensional device simulator, show that the deep p-well structure has better latch-up immunity compared to normal twin and triple well structures. In addition, it is more effective to minimize the distance to ground power compared with controlling a path to the $V_{DD}$ power.

• Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.1-7
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• 2007

Slug/bail tests were conducted in sand layer (sbt-1 well), silty sand layer (sbt-2 well), and mixed sand and silty sand layer (sbt-3 well). Hydraulic conductivity and specific storage coefficient were estimated through slug/bail tests. Pore volumes of groundwater level drawdown zone for bail test were estimated by using hydraulic conductivity and specific storage coefficient. KGS model was most suitable interpretation method of slug/bail tests. Average hydraulic conductivity for slug/bail tests were estimated to be $6.65{\times}10^{-5}$ m/sec in sbt-1 well, $6.33{\times}10^{-6}$ m/sec in sbt-2 well, and $3.72{\times}10^{-5}$ m/sec in sbt-3 well. Average specific storage coefficient for slug/bail tests were estimated to be 0.0225 in sbt-1 well, 0.0177 in sbt-2 well, and 0.0259 in sbt-3 well. Dimensionless time and dimensionless wellbore storage were estimated by use of transmissivity, storativity, test time, and specification of test wells. And, dimensionless drawdown were selected by parameter ${\alpha}\;and\;{\beta}$ parameter from Cooper et al. (1967). Radius of influence were estimated by estimated dimensionless time, dimensionless wellbore storage, and dimensionless drawdown. The average radius of influnce for slug/bail tests were estimated to be 1.377 m in sbt-1 well, 1.253 m in sbt-2 well, and 1.558 m in sbt-3 well. Pore volume at groundwater level drawdown zone by dummy withdrawal for bail tests were estimated to be $145,636cm^3$ in sbt-1 well, $71,561cm^3$ in sbt-2 well, and $100,418cm^3$ in sbt-3 well. Pore volume excepted well volume at groundwater level drawdown zone by dummy withdrawal for bail tests were estimated to be $145,410cm^3$ in sbt-1 well, $71,353cm^3$ in sbt-2 well, and $100,192cm^3$ in sbt-3 well.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.311-326
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• 1999

This study was investigated to observe the effect of Treponema denticola(TDC) and Treponema lecithinolyticum(TLC) on cultured human periodontal ligament cells. Several experiments were performed including MTT test for the inhibition effect of cell proliferation, LDH test for the cytotoxicity , gelatin zymography for the gelatinase activation and observation of cell morphology change using the phase-contrast microscopy. The results were as follows. 1. The effect of concentration on cell proliferation with time showed an inhibitory effect at high concentration $(150{\mu}g/well)$ for TLC and at low concentration( $9.4{\mu}gwell$ ) for TDC. 2. The effect of time on cell proliferation with concentration showed an inhibitory effect at $150{\mu}g/well$ on 2-day incubation for TLC and at $9.4{\mu}g/well$ on 2-day incubation for TDC. 3. The effect of heat-treated TDC and TLC on the inhibition of cell proliferation showed the difference in the heat-treated group compared to the non-heat treated group for TDC, whereas no difference was found for TLC. 4. The morphological changes which were observed from the phase-contrast microscopy showed the difference in the test group compared to the control group. The loss of spindle-like appearance, cell-to-cell detachment and inhibition of cell proliferation were observed. 5. There was no difference of the cytotoxicity effect between the test group and the control group in the LDH test. 6. The active form of progelatinase A with molecular weight 72kDa was activated in both TDC and TLC on the gelatin zymography. Regarding to the above results, TDC and TLC have an effect on periodontal ligament cells by playing an inhibitory role in cell proliferation and appears to activate progelatinase A which degrades type IV collagen.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.41-59
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship among psychosocial well-being, perceived health status and health promoting lifestyle practices. Data has been collected from November 1, 1998 to April 30, 1999. One hundred and ninety eight middle-aged women completed a multiple self-reported questionnaire on psychosocial well-being, perceived health status and health promoting lifestyle profile. Collected data were analyzed with SPSS 7.5 for Windows using Pearson Correlation Coefficients, t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe test. The Major results of this study were as follows: 1. The average item score for psychosocial well-being was low at 54.49, the level of perceived health status was moderate at 5.74, and health promoting lifestyle practices were low at 112.05. Among the subscales of the health promoting lifestyle profile, self-actualization(3.08) and nutrition(2.92) were scored higher than exercise(1.81) and health responsibility(1.79). 2. The performance of health promoting lifestyle was positively correlated with perceived health status(r= .190) and psychosocial well-being(r= .497). Also, positive correlations were observed between perceived health status and psychosocial well-being(r= .181). 3. There were statistically significant differences for health promoting lifestyle, psychosocial well-being and perceived health status according to sociodemographic variables; the performance of health promoting lifestyle was significantly different according to education, economic status, exercise and smoking. Psychosocial well-being was also significantly different according to education, exercise and drinking. Perceived health status was significantly different according to religion, education, occupation and supporter. These findings help to understand relationships among psychosocial well-being, perceived health status, and health promoting lifestyle practices in middle-aged women in Korea. Therefore, the result of this study provide clues for encouraging people to adopt healthier lifestyles and constructing alternative strategies for promoting health practices.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.366-376
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• 2013

This study aimed to compare Psycho-social Well-being depending on level of internet addiction and investigate the factors inducing internet addiction among 749 college students. The Internet Addiction Diagnosis Criterion Inventory was used to classify participants into two groups, Internet overuse and Internet normal use. The psychosocial well-being of each group was measured by hopelessness, idea of suicide, suicide attempt, stress, social isolation, and mental health. Data were analyzed using the t-test and $x^2$-test to compare general characteristics, level of internet addiction and psycho-social well-being between two groups(the overuse and normal use group). Moreover, logistic regression analysis was used to examine the factors inducing internet addiction. The results placed 82 people (10.9%) in the internet overuse group and 667 people(89.1%) in the internet normal use group. The internet overuse group showed higher level of hopelessness, idea of suicide, suicide attempt, stress, social isolation, and mental health scores than the internet normal use group. Therefore, people in the internet overuse group were more likely to have worse Psycho-social well-being. The results of this study recommend that the Internet overuse should be screened early because it can be useful in developing addiction prevention programs and then finally improving the psycho-social well-being.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.209-219
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• 2009

Purpose: This study was to testify the effects on self esteem and spiritual well-being of holistic hospice nursing intervention program ("Rainbow program") for inpatients of hospice palliative care unit. This was designed as a preliminary experimental study with one-group pre-post test. Methods: A total of 27 patients who were over 18 years old, and admitted in hospice palliative care unit of S hospital in P city, submitted informed consent for this study, participated in holistic hospice nursing intervention program(total 10 sessions and 1,200 minutes for 2 weeks) from April 6, 2004 to April 20, 2005. To test the effects of this intervention, Self Esteem Questionnaire (SEQ) and Spiritual Well-being Questionnaire were used. The collected data were analyzed by Paired t-test with SPSS/WIN 12.0 program. Results: (1) Hypothesis No. 1 "The experimental group which received Rainbow program will have a higher degree of self esteem than before" was supported (t=11.554, P<0.001). (2) Hypothesis No. 2 "The experimental group which received Rainbow program will have a higher degree of spiritual well-being than before" was also supported (t=6.387, P<0.001). Conclusion: This Holistic Hospice Nursing Intervention Program was effective in increasing self-esteem and spiritual well-being of patients in hospice palliative care unit. Therefore, it can actively be used and also applied to hospice palliative care practice, research, and education as a useful model of interdisciplinary team approach by hospice professionals.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.490-499
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• 2013

Purposes: This study was conducted in order to investigate the effects of passive music listening on psychological well-being and depression in 134 nursing students enrolled in two colleges of nursing in Kyeonggi-do, Korea. Methods: A prospective, pretest and posttest, controlled, quasi-experimental design was used. An intervention group (n= 74) participated in a 14-week passive music listening program before and after each lecture while those who were assigned as a control group (n=60) were given a series of traditional lectures. Analysis of data was performed using chi-square test, independent t-test, and Mann-Whitney U test, using SPSS 19.0. Results: Although no significant difference was observed in psychological well-being (t=0.34, p=.738), depression (z=-3.19, p=.001) showed a significant difference in the experimental group compared to the control group. Conclusions: This study provided evidence of the beneficial impact of passive music listening for nursing students with depression. Conduct of further studies will be needed in order to verify the effects on psychological well-being.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Geothermal and Hydrothermal Energy
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.1-8
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• 2012

The G-class cement is usually used for geothermal well grouting to protect a steel casing which is equipped in a geothermal well to transfer geothermal water from deep subsurface to ground surface. In geothermal grouting process, obtaining appropriate fluidity is extremely important in order to fill cement grout flawlessly. In this paper, a series of the V-funnel and Slump Flow test was performed on both of the Portland cement and the G-class cement in order to compare fluidity and filling ability of those kind of cements. In the result of V-funnel test, the fluidity of G-class cement was evaluated much better than the Portland cement at the water/cement ratio of 0.8. In the case of Slump Flow test, the fluidity of G- class cement was estimated slightly better than the Portland cement at both the water/cement ratio of 0.55 and 0.8. Even though the initial fluidity and filling ability of G-class cement were relatively higher than the Portland cement, the results could be considerably changed with time. The results show that the fluidity and filling ability for geothermal well cementation can be properly controlled with water content and additives for adverse geothermal well environment.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.9
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• pp.652-665
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• 2021

The purpose of this study was to verify relative effects of emotion and empathy on altruistic behavior. A survey including psychological well-being, depression, empathic concern, and perspective taking was conducted on 329 undergraduates. Results revealed that altruism was positively correlated with psychological well-being, empathy concern, and perspective taking but negatively correlated with depression. Test for relative effects of positive and negative emotional states on altruism revealed that psychological well-being, but not depression, significantly predicted altruism. Test for relative effects of emotional and cognitive empathy factors on altruism showed that empathic concern, but not perspective taking, significantly predicted altruism. Test for relative effects of all four factors on altruism revealed that the empathic concern was the strongest factor affecting altruism, followed by psychological well-being, while the remaining two factors did not have an effect on altruism. Implications and limitations of this study are also discussed in this study.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2010.11a
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• pp.122.2-122.2
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• 2010

Knowledge of ground thermal properties is most important for the proper design of BHE(borehole heat exchanger) systems. The configure type, pipe size and thermal performance of the BHE is highly dependent on the ground source heatpump system-efficiency and instruction cost. Thermal response tests with mobile measurement devices were developed primarily for in-situ determination of design data for Standing Column Well apply. The main purpose has been to determine in-situ values of effective ground thermal conductivity and thermal resistance, including the effect of ground-water flow and natural convection in the boreholes. The test rig is set up on a some trailer, and contains a sub-circulation pump, a boiler, temperature sensors, flow meter and a data logger for recording the temperature and circulation fluid flow data. A constant heating power is injected into the SCW through the test rig and the resulting temperature change in the SCW is recorded. The recorded temperature data are analysed with a line-source model, which gives the effective in-situ values of rock thermal conductivity and thermal resistance of SCW.