• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.159-165
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• 2019

Background: Dental procedures commonly involve the injection of local anesthetic agents, which causes apprehension in patients. The objective of dental practice is to provide painless treatment to the patient. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of Low Level Laser Therapy (LLLT) in reducing the pain due to local anesthetic injection. Materials and Methods: A prospective, split-mouth study was conducted on 25 patients. In Condition A, LLLT was administered followed by the administration of a standard local anesthetic agent. Patients' perception of pain with use of LLLT was assessed based on a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). In Condition B, LLLT was directed to the mucosa but not activated, followed by the administration of local anesthesia. VAS was used to assess the pain level without the use of LLLT. Results: Comparison between Condition A and Condition B was done. A P value < 0.001 was considered significant, indicating a definite statistical difference between the two conditions. Conclusion: In our study, we observed that LLLT reduced pain during injection of local anesthesia. Further multi-centric studies with a larger sample size and various modifications in the study design are required.

• Journal of the Korean Statistical Society
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.225-231
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• 1995

An eventual uniform equicontinuity condition is investigated in the context of the uniform central limit theorem (UCLT) for continuous martingales. We assume the usual intergrability condition on metric entropy. We establish an exponential inequality for a martingales. Then we use the chaining lemma of Pollard (1984) to prove an eventual uniform equicontinuity which is a sufficient condition of UCLT. We apply the result to approximate a stochastic integral with respect to a martingale to that of a Brownian motion.

• East Asian mathematical journal
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.701-716
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• 2016

We establish a tripled coincidence and common tripled fixed point theorem for hybrid pair of mappings satisfying new contractive condition. To find tripled coincidence points, we do not use the continuity of any mapping involved therein. An example is also given to validate our result. We improve, extend and generalize several known results.

• The Pure and Applied Mathematics
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.165-181
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• 2014

We establish a common n-tupled fixed point theorem for hybrid pair of mappings under new contractive condition. It is to be noted that to find n-tupled coincidence point, we do not use the condition of continuity of any mapping involved. An example supporting to our result has also been cited. We improve, extend and generalize several known results.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.637-645
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• 2017

This study researched the toothbrushing behavior and perception of oral health condition in accordance with the use of cafeteria, 280 Students of 28 high schools in Daegu and Gyeongbuk to identify the relationship between cafeteria use and oral health. and then obtained statistically significant results like below. Toothbrushing after meals and snacks was high with female students and Grade3. Rinsing mouth for ten times or more after toothbrushing was high with female students and private car while the use of oral care products was high with female students, Grade3, and private car. The whole average frequency of using cafeteria was 2.26 while the perception of oral health condition was 3.44. The frequency of using cafeteria was high with Grade2, before time for school, and lots of allowance. The perception of oral health condition was high with male students, school bus, and lots of allowance. The frequency of using cafeteria in accordance with toothbrushing behavior was high with toothbrushing for longer than three minutes(2.45) while the perception of oral health condition was high in case when using oral care products(3.32). In the results of multiple regression analysis to understand the influence of perception of oral health condition, general characteristics, and toothbrushing behavior on the frequency of using cafeteria, it was analyzed like Y(frequency of using cafeteria)=-952+.393(perception of oral health condition)- 1.721(time for school)+ .991(allowance)+ 1.124(duration of toothbrushing). Based on the results above, it would be necessary to establish the educational system to continuously practice the correct oral health care education in school.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.159-175
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationships between the online information activities of older adults and their life satisfaction. Online information activities were categorized into 'information use ability', 'information use time', and 'information device use ability', and the life satisfaction included such as 'feeling of happiness', 'physical condition', and 'economical condition'. A total of valid 341 responses were examined and analyzed to test the research model using SPSS 19 and Amos. It found that the online information use ability and the online information use time had a positive effect to the information device use ability; it showed that the higher the information device use ability the higher their life satisfaction. However, the online information use ability and the online information use time had no effect to the older adults' life satisfaction in this study.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.205-211
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• 2016

Purpose: This study investigated the influence of muscle activity of the trunk and lower limb during a bridge exercise using a unstable surface and during one-legged bridge hip abduction in healthy adults. Methods: Nineteen healthy participated in this study (12 males and 7 females, aged $29.0{\pm}5.0$). The participants were instructed to perform the bridge exercises under six different conditions. Trunk and lower limb muscle activation, such as the erector spinae (ES), gluteus maximus (GM), external oblique (EO), and internal oblique (IO), was measured using surface electromyography. The six different bridge exercise conditions were conducted randomly. Data analysis was performed by using the mean scores after three trials of each condition. Results: On the ipsilateral side, muscle activity of the IO, EO, and ES during the hip abduction condition (Single-legged hip abduction bridge, Bridge with use of a ball and single-leg hip abduction, Bridge with use of a sling and single-leg hip abduction) was significantly higher than those during Unstable surface (Bridge with use of a ball, Bridge with use of a sling) and General bridging exercise (p<0.05). In the contralateral side, activities of the GM and EO during Single-legged hip abduction bridge, Bridge with use of a ball and single-leg hip abduction and Bridge with use of a sling and single-leg hip abduction was significantly higher than that during Bridge with use of a ball, Bridge with use of a sling and General bridging exercise (p<0.05). Conclusion: This study demonstrated that performing a bridge exercise with use of a sling and single-leg hip abduction had an effect on trunk and gluteal muscle activation. The findings of this study suggest that this training method can be clinically effective for unilateral training and for patients with hemiplegia.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.129-143
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to explain users' wearable healthcare device adoption using performance expectancy, effort expectancy, facilitating condition, hedonic motivation and price value of UTAUT2, and to identify the causal relationship between intention to use wearable healthcare device and innovativeness. The research model proposed in this study is based on UTAUT2(Extended Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology). In specific, performance expectancy, effort expectancy, facilitating condition, hedonic motivation and price value of UTAUT2 and innovativeness are adopted in our research model. To validate the research model, we carry out the analysis of the survey data using Smart PLS 3.0 to test the hypotheses. According to the empirical analysis results, this study confirms that Innovativeness have significant effects on the performance expectancy, effort expectancy, Facilitating condition, Hedonic motivation, and price Value of wearable healthcare devices. It also finds that the performance expectancy, effort expectancy, Facilitating condition, hedonic motivation, and price value affects the intention to use wearable healthcare devices.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.17 no.8
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• pp.144-151
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• 2017

The aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the relationship between regular interdental cleaning and periodontal condition. A total of 319 pregnant women were recruited at 21 to 24 weeks of gestation. Information on demographics, health status and health behaviors including regulary use of interdental cleaning aids, that can influence periodontal condition was collected. Full mouth periodontal probing was performed. Periodontitis was defined as CAL of 4.0 mm or greater on 2 or more sites not on the same tooth. Gingivitis was defined as 15 percent and more sites showed bleeding on probing. Gingival crevice fluid sample was collected for bacterial analysis. We studied a total of 319 subjects, comprised of 116 subjects who use interdental cleaning device regularly and 203 subjects who didn't. Subjects who do not use interdental cleaning regularly had 2.3 times higher risk of gingivitis and 2.7 times of periodontitis, 2.3 times more amount of P. gingivalis. There was a significant relationship between regular interdental cleaning and periodontal condition in Korea.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.118-126
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is a suggestion which is a way for preservation and management the Jongmyo landscape based on its landscape visibility and land use. To do this, we had done a field investigation and a literature examination. The investigations are as following; we researched current application which for changing the actual condition near the Jongmyo. According to this research site could notice that landscape visibility can be affected by not only the height of building the Jongmyo. The visibility can be affected by photograph's undulation, too. Furthermore, we notice that even some building are located far from the view point and view corridor, it can be a factor which decrease the quality of the landscape visibility. Finally, we can propose how to make way for conservation and management by through restrict land use which based on changing the actual condition, landscape visibility and land use around the cultural assets.