• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.339-345
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• 2018

The integrated environmental permit system is currently in operation online. It carries out various functions of postmanagement such as the submission of annual reports containing operations management data onto integrated management workplaces, the operation and management of emission facilities and prevention facilities, and the disclosure of information on the integrated permission. On the other hand, the integrated environmental permit system needs to perform various roles in order to stably manage and smoothly perform the permitting work. It is necessary to utilize this system to establish policies by using diverse operations management data onto integrated management workplaces collected in the integrated environmental permit system. This system can also play a role in improving the post-management system and user convenience after the permission review and approval processes. The integrated environmental permit system can be effectively used to set up the BAT-AEL because it collects all of the cross-media data and identifies the overall status of the workplace. In order to establish a post management system after the approval, it is necessary to provide performance management and performance evaluation functions as conditions of the permit after approval. In addition, a variety of support functions should be provided to enable the permission authority and the environmental expert examination agency to facilitate the review of permits. It will be necessary to provide an evaluation system and a proactive diagnostic function to determine whether permission conditions and permit emission standards will change in the future. Also, it is important to adopt an information exchange platform that can be used to collect the status data onto the workplaces; the platform can also be used as an information exchange site for technical working groups (TWG), and for collecting field experts' opinions.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.2219-2228
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• 2015

The proposed RDT(Reversed Double T) girder bridge is suitable to eco corridor, because of its cross section which resembles Korean alphabet vowel "ㅛ". The total height and cost of bridge would be reduced for its inner space containing some of plant soil. In this study, the performance of the RDT girder was assessed by comparing results of static test with those of nonlinear analysis. The cracking load of the RDT girder was evaluated more than two times of design load.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2008.05a
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• pp.107-112
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• 2008

수질오염총량관리제는 오염원에 대한 농도규제 방식에서 탈피하여 수계전체의 환경용량을 감안하여 원하는 목표수질을 유지하기 위해 허용할 수 있는 오염총량을 해당 배수구역에 할당하고 초과량은 적정수준으로 삭감토록 하는 광범위한 유역관리 기반의 수질정책이다. 금강수계에서는 1차 수질오염총량관리 기본계획($2004{\sim}2010$)하에 시행계획 및 이행평가가 진행 중에 있으나, 시행초기부터 현재에 이르기까지 제도정착을 위한 현안 문제점들이 제기되어 왔다. 지자체간 갈등을 줄이고 지역균형발전과 광역적 수질관리정책을 합리적으로 수행하기 위해서는 제기되어온 문제점들이 해결되어야 한다. 본 연구에서는 합리적인 오염배출부하량 산정을 위하여 2007년 청주시의 모든 동단위 오염원자료를 구축하고 오염부하량을 배출특성을 분석하였다. 또한 강우배출특성을 적용하기 위하여 하수 발생유량 실측자료와 오염원자료에 반영된 자료를 기초로 산정한 하수발생유량을 비교분석 하였다. 청주시 지역의 강우배출특성을 고려하여 보다 과학적이고 합리적인 방법으로 오염부하량을 산정함으로써 현상을 보다 정확히 반영하여 수질오염총량관리 시행상의 실용적인 오염부하량 산정 방안을 모색하고자 한다.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.765-777
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• 2011

According to the total pollution load management system, exact prediction and analysis of water quality and discharge has been required in order to allocate the amount of pollution load to each local government. In this study, QUAL2E model was used for comparison with other water quality models and improve the inadequate to forecast future water quality. And Various calibration and verification methods were applied to deal with existing uncertainties of parameter during modeling water quality. For user convenience, A GUI(Graphical User Interface) system named "QL2-XP" model is developed by object-oriented language for the user convenience and practical usage. Suggested GUI system consist of hydraulic analysis, water quality analysis, optimized model calibration processes, and postprocessing the simulation results. Therefore this model will be effectively utilized to manage practical and efficient water quality.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.38 no.3 s.113
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• pp.281-288
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• 2005

BAT (Best Available Technology economically achievable) assessment is indispensible to effective management policy of industrial wastewater discharging facilities such as setting effluent limitations guidelines for individual industry based on the wastewater characteristics and treatment efficiency, making effluent limitations guidelines for new sources, and calculation of the reducible amount of emission load conforming to a total emission general plan and enforcement plan. This study reviewed foreign cases of BAT assessment and condition of domestic wastewater discharging facilities, and suggested BAT assessment guideline suitable for the domestic conditions. The major assessment factors and flow are; (1) Identification of pollution source characteristics, (2) Identification and survey on technology, (3) Selection of candidate technology, (4) Assessment of legislation adaptation, (5) Assessment of environmental factor, (6) Assessment of economical acceptability, (7) Total weighting value factor assessment on technological factor, and (8) Total assessment and final BAT selection. The result of this study can be utilized as a major policy data and a base of industrial wastewater management system.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.726-734
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• 2018

The total number of Sea Area Utilization Consultation in the environment management sea areas reviewed from 2015 to 2017 were 60. The number of development projects in the environment conservation sea areas decreased steadily, but special management sea areas increased. Development types in environment management sea areas showed that artificial structure installation was the highest ratio, followed by fishery port development and construction of habor and coastal maintenance and sea water intake and draining. By comparing the trend of water quality changes using marine environment information system (MEIS) data in the environment management areas from 2006 to 2017, COD showed no significant changes but the environment conservation sea areas increased slightly, and the concentration of TN and TP decreased. Gwangyang and Masan bays in the special management sea areas and Gamak bay in the environment conservation sea areas displayed oxygen deficient mass in the summer. As the use of development projects of the environment management sea areas are performed continuously, an analysis of the status of sufficient water quality changes is necessary for environmental impact assessment (Sea Area Utilization Consultation) in the marine environment and should be evaluated mainly for management of contamination by diagnosing thoroughly water quality effects and the pollution of sediment. Especially, the water quality goal for the purpose of designation in each of the environment management sea areas is set clearly, connection with pollution source control and the total pollution load management system (TPLMS) should be proposed and measured to reduce the amount of contaminated water.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.9-20
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• 2007

The nonpoint pollutants are originated from various land uses. Of the landuses, the development means the changes of the soil cover and the increases of imperviousness rate, which will increase the nonpoint pollutant emissions during a storm. Therefore, the Ministry of Environment in Korea has programed TPLMS(Total Pollution Load Management System) for four major large rivers to improve the water quality in rivers by controling the total pollutant loadings from the watershed area. The study area was forest landuse before resort development, however it is now changing to the resort. Some of the forest areas will be changed to parking lots, roads and buildings, which can be the major pollutant sources in the future. The paved areas are highly polluted landuses because of high pollutant accumulation rate by vehicle activities during dry periods. Therefore, this research is achieved to determine the changes of pollutant loading rate by development plan and to provide the best management practices for controlling nonpoint pollutants. Finally this research will provide the environment-kindly development technology for protecting the water quality.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.23-31
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• 2006

The nonpoint pollutants are originated from various land uses. Of the landuses, the development means the changes of the soil cover and the increases of imperviousness rate, which will increase the nonpoint pollutant emissions during a storm. Therefore, the Ministry of Environment in Korea has programed TPLMS(Total Pollution Load Management System) for four major large rivers to improve the water quality in rivers by controling the total pollutant loadings from the watershed area. The study area was forest landuse before development plan, however it is now changing to the resort. Some of the forest areas will be changed to parking lots, roads and buildings. The paved areas are highly polluted landuses because of high pollutant accumulation rate by vehicle activities during dry periods. Therefore, this research is achieved to determine the changes of pollutant loading rate by development plan and to provide the best management practices for controlling nonpoint pollutants.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.318-324
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• 2016

The significance of an integrated environmental management system implementation can be summarized into three sections. The first is that the paradigm of a permit system will be changed from the existing media-specific permits to cross-media permits. In the near future, the cross-media license will be granted based on the diagnostic results of the plant. The second is that it will be established through a social concensus, i.e., consultations with stakeholders and direct participation in the system design process of stakeholders. The third is that it will have flexibility in its operating system. In the near future, it will be possible to management an environment through its industrial workplace itself and determine if emission standards are being complied with or not through statistical methods. In addition there is also an urgent need for complementary parts in order to enhance the driving force of the integrated environmental management system which is based on transparency, reliability and flexibility. In other words, it is necessary to continuously promote in order to diffuse consensus and increase an understanding of implementation through an integrated environmental management system. It is also necessary to establish a new organization and educate authorized representatives so that they have the tools to smoothly perform the system.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.95-107
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• 2010

Hand-washing is one of the major factors in personal hygiene and public health. This study was undertaken to investigate the hygienic behavior of food-service employees, focusing on awareness of hand washing, hand washing practices, and the load of index microorganisms (aerobic plate count, total and fecal coliforms, Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus) on the hands of food-service employees. A questionnaire survey completed by direct interview, direct observation of restrooms by the researcher and trained observers, and microbiological examination according to the Food Code of Korea were carried out. In the survey, a positive attitude toward hand washing compliance was reported; however, improper hand washing and poor hand hygiene of the food-service employees were seen under direct observation. Significant differences (p<0.05) were found between the questionnaire survey and the direct observations in hand washing compliance after using the toilet, duration of hand washing, use of hand washing agents, use of hand washing tools, washing of different parts of the hands, hand-drying method, temperature of water, and method of turning off the water. Samples taken from employees' hands before washing showed higher levels of bacteria than those taken during work and/or after washing (p<0.05). Poor hand washing practices were indicated by the positive results for total and fecal coliforms, E. coli, and S. aureus on the hands of some food-service employees. This study showed that there is a marked difference between the food-service employees' awareness of hand-washing and their actual hand-washing practices. The poor hand hygiene of and improper hand washing by the food-service employees should be addressed for improved food safety.