• Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Materials
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• 제7권5호
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• pp.224-229
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• 2006

Many studies have been done on the application of residual charge measurement in cable degradation diagnosis. In this paper, the behavior of residual charges measured with water-tree degraded XLPE sheets and cable are discussed. At charge injection process, the charge is injected by applying dc voltage as a conventional method, suddenly cut-off ac voltage or impulse voltage. Therefore the residual charge is influenced by the applying process. At charge release process, transient dc current flows when applying ac high voltage and also ac high voltage superimposed to dc low voltage. From the results, new diagnosis method is suggested.

• 한국표면공학회지
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• 제48권4호
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• pp.136-141
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• 2015

The paper presents the comparative results of NbN coatings deposited by DC and pulsed DC asymmetric bipolar magnetron sputtering systems. The results show that, with the decreasing duty cycle and increasing pulse frequency, the coating morphology changes from a columnar to a dense structure, with finer grains. The Pulsed sputtered NbN coatings showed higher hardness, higher residual stress, and smaller grain sizes than those of DC prepared NbN coatings. Moreover residual stress of pulsed sputtered NbN coatings increased on increasing pulse frequency. Meanwhile, the surface roughness decreased continuously with increasing pulsed DC frequency up to 50 kHz.

• 한국표면공학회지
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• 제47권4호
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• pp.168-173
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• 2014

The paper presents the comparative results of TiAlN coatings deposited by DC and pulsed DC asymmetric bipolar magnetron sputtering systems. The results show that, with the decreasing duty cycle and increasing pulse frequency, the coating morphology changes from a columnar to a dense structure, with finer grains. Pulsed sputtered TiAlN coatings showed higher hardness, higher residual stress, and smaller grain sizes than dc prepared TiAlN coatings. Moreover residual stress of pulsed sputtered TiAlN coatings increased on increasing pulse frequency. Meanwhile, the surface roughness decreased continuously with increasing pulsed DC frequency up to 50 kHz.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1993년도 하계학술대회 논문집 B
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• pp.791-793
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• 1993

The hall sensor is current detector using hall effect in semiconductor and the conventional type detect current with concentrating flux by current of conductor. So, detection of small current is very difficult because of residual magnetism. This paper give the experiments based results about method that detect the small DC current using minimizing the residual of hall element by magnetic modulation and concentrating flux. The suggested sensor can dector small current better than the conventional that.

• 전력전자학회논문지
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.305-312
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• 2018

DC distribution systems has recently taken the spotlight. Concerns over human safety and stability facility are raised in DC distribution systems. Std. IEC 60479 provides basic guidance on "the effects of shock current on human beings and livestock" for use in the establishment of electrical safety requirements and suggests an electrical impedance of the human body. This study analyzes impedance spectrums based on the electrical equivalent impedance circuit for the human body; human body impedances measured by experiments are analyzed below the fundamental frequency (60 Hz). The analysis shows that the equivalent impedance circuit for the human body should be modified at least in low-frequency range below the fundamental frequency (60 Hz). The DC residual current detection method that can classify electric shock accidents of humans and electric leakages of facilities is proposed by applying the analysis result. The detection method is verified by experiments on livestock.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2003년도 하계학술대회 논문집 Vol.4 No.2
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• pp.1172-1175
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• 2003

The characteristics and change of electrode surface about Gap type surge arrester for protect DC subway rail were investigated with moisture absorption. Compared that tested about DC/AC discharge commencement voltage, residual voltage, Impulse, square wave impulse for DC rail surge arrester about Gap type surge arrester of moisture absorption state. The AC discharge commencement voltage acted greatly effect of moisture absorption than the DC discharge commencement voltage test.

• 전기학회논문지P
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• 제64권2호
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• pp.67-73
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• 2015

Distance relay is widely used for the protection of long transmission line. Most of distance relay used to calculate line impedance by measuring voltage and current using DFT. So if there is a computation error due to the influence of phasor by DC offset component, due to excessive vibration by measuring line impedance, overreach or underreach can be occurs, and then abnormal and non-operation of distance relay can be issue. It is very important to implement the robust distance relaying that is not affected by DC offset component. This paper describes an enhanced distance relaying based on the DC offset elimination filter to minimize the effects of DC offset on a long transmission line. The proposed DC offset elimination filter has not need any prior information. The phase angle delay of the proposed DC offset filter did not occurred and the gain error was not found. The enhanced distance relay uses fault current as well as residual current. The behavior of the proposed distance relaying using off-line simulation has been verified using data about several fault conditions generated by the ATP simulation software.

• 마이크로전자및패키징학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.71-76
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• 2008

전기도금법에 의한 니켈-철 합금 도금층은 전류인가방식, 전류밀도, 첨가제, 도금 욕에서 철과 니켈에 농도비 등과 같은 공정 변수에 따라 그 조성이 민감하게 변화하고 특히 전류인가방식에 따라 도금 층의 조성과 기계적인 특성이 달라지는 경향을 보이고 있다. 본 연구에서는 전류의 인가방식과 전류밀도 변화에 따른 경도, 내마모성, 인성,표면 거칠기 및 잔류응력 등의 기계적인 물성의 변화를 연구하였다. 전류인가방식을 직류에서 펄스전류로 변환시킴에 따라 인장강도가 15% 증가하였으며, 잔류음력이 10% 감소하였고, 내마모성이 30% 향상되었다.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.269-276
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• 2012

The anti-tumor effect of monocyte-derived DC (MoDC) vaccine was studied in lung cancer model with feasible but weak Ag-specific immune response and incomplete blocking of tumor growth. To overcome this limitation, the hematopoietic stem cell-derived DC (SDC) was cultured and the anti-tumor effect of MoDC & SDC was compared in mouse lung cancer minimal residual model (MRD). Therapeutic DCs were cultured from either $CD34^+$ hematopoietic stem cells with GM-CSF, SCF and IL-4 for 14 days (SDC) or monocytes with GM-CSF and IL-4 for 7 days (MoDC). DCs were injected twice by one week interval into the peritoneum of mice that are inoculated with Lewis Lung Carcinoma cells (LLC) one day before the DC injection. Anti-tumor responses and the immune modulation were observed 3 weeks after the final DC injection. CD11c expression, IL-12 and TGF-${\beta}$ secretion were higher in SDC but CCR7 expression, IFN-${\gamma}$ and IL-10 secretion were higher in MoDC. The proportion of $CD11c^+CD8a^+$ cells was similar in both DC cultures. Although both DC reduced the tumor burden, histological anti-tumor effect and the frequencies of IFN-${\gamma}$ secreting $CD8^+$ T cells were higher in SDC treated group than in MoDC. Conclusively, although both MoDC and SDC can induce the anti-tumor immunity, SDC may be better module as anti-tumor vaccine than MoDC in mouse lung cancer.

• 대한전기학회논문지
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.268-277
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• 1994

Current sensor using Hall device is an instrument of detecting a current by Hall effect. The existing current sensor is ordinarily worked by concentrating electromagnetism produced around the conducting wire turned iron core. The tiny curren, however, could not be accurately detected by the instrument owing to influence of residual magnetism exisisting in iron core, and the result of detecting is also somewhat on the large side. kAccordingly, We fabricated a new type of instrument minimizing the influence of residual magnetism existing in iron core and detected the tiny DC current accurately by taking advantage of magnetic modulation. The range of measuring DC current is 0[mA]-100[mA] and the maxiumm Linerity tolleance by the result of detecting current, can be reduced less than 3 percent.