• Journal of Korean Academy of Rural Health Nursing
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.25-32
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the changing process of work activities of community health practitioners in medically vulnerable areas. Methods: For the study an historical research method was used, based on literature data and collected literature data related to the work of community health practitioners from 1940 to 2013. Results: There were 45 records according to the literature data about the work activities of the practitioners. Analysis of the process of work activities by time period was based on the historical records: first, the introduction period (1940~1980) saw the "community health practitioners begin their work activities"; second, the development period (1981~1997) involved "provision of comprehensive health and medical service"; third, the stagnation period (1998~2005) characterized by "attempts at new role changes in a crisis"; fourth, the expansion period (2006~2011) "focused on the work of health promotion"; and finally, the stable period (2012~the present) observed "work activities of community health practitioners recognized." Conclusion: Results showed five topics in the process of work activities of community health practitioners by time period. The results offer basic data to investigate work activities of these practitioners and enable discussions about the future of community healthcare.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.935-942
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• 2017

In the present study, kohlrabi-kimchi was prepared for assessment of changes in sensory qualities and measurement of changes in quality characteristics according to the storage period for the purpose of using kohlrabi as an ingredient of Kimchi. Examination of the physicochemical properties of kohlrabi-kimchi according to the storage period showed that the acidity increased steadily throughout the storage period, while soluble-solids content, pH and hardness decreased as the storage period elapsed. Meanwhile, the L value increased and then it decreased as the storage period elapsed, but, the a value increased and the b value gradually decreased after day 14 of storage. Reducing sugars increased up to day 10 of storage, and then they decreased slowly after day 15 of storage. Measurement of changes in lactic acid bacteria in kohlrabi-kimchi according to the storage period showed bacterial growth showing typical tendencies of Kimchi with a rapid increase on day 5 of storage and a decrease thereafter. Assessment of sensory qualities of kohlrabi-kimchi according to the storage period showed that the highest scores for appearance and sourness, odor, texture, and overall scores were obtained on day 15 of storage. Based on the above results, it was determined that the optimal maturity period of kohlrabi-kimchi is day 15 of storage.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.205-212
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• 1987

The purpose of this study was to investigate the duration of the silent period of the masseter muscle in normal subjects after experimental bruxism. The material for this study consisted of 9 male subjects with an age range of 22-24 years who showed normal occlusion clinically and were free from any history or symptoms of temporomandibular joint dysfunction. A jaw-jerk was stimulated by tapping the mandibular symphysis during maximal voluntary clenching with a solenoid-driven hammer. And three separate silent period records were made from the left masseter muscle at the following times: at normal state, after experimental bruxism, 1 week after bruxism. The following conclusions were obtained: 1. The average value of the duration of masseteric silent period during maximal voluntary clenching was $33.62{\pm}1.86msec$ when tap force of approximate 650g was applied at normal state. 2. After experimental tooth grinding for 30 minutes, the duration of masseteric silent period increased to $46.29{\pm}4.40msec$. 3. Comparing the duration of silent period measured at normal state with that measured after 1 week, the duration of silent period showed reproducibility.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.163-174
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• 2002

Background : To delineate the changes in the causative agents of neonatal sepsis and their antimicrobial susceptibilities in the neonatal intensive care unit and nursery of Hanyang University Hospital during the past 10 years. Methods : Hospital records of 15,144 patients hospitalized at the NICU and nursery of Hanyang University Hospital from 1989 to 1998 were reviewed and neonates diagnosed of neonatal sepsis were sorted and included in the study. The study period was divided into Period A(the first 5 years) and Period B(the second 5 years) to analyse causative agents and their antimicrobial susceptibilities. Results : Neonatal sepsis was diagnosed in 170 patients(1.1%{Period A 1.2%, Period B 1.0%}) among the total of 15,144 inpatients. Two hundred isolates(Period A 109 isolates, Period B 91 isolates) were identified in 186 blood cultures(Period A 99 cultures, Period B 87 cultures) from 170 patients(Period A 91 patients, Period B 79 patients). The average age at the onset of the disease, when the initial blood culture was drawn, was 12.3 days old(Period A 8.8 days, Period B 16.3 days), and the proportion of the early onset disease was 34.7% in Period A and 23.0% in Period B, indicating that neonatal sepsis developed earlier during Period A. Among the isolated organisms including Gram positive bacteria[132(66.0%)], Gram negative bacteria [60(30.0%)], and fungi[8(4.0%)], coagulase negative Staphylococcus(CNS) was the most common organism(69/34.5%), followed by Staphylococcus aureus(36/18.0%), Klebsiella pneumoniae(17/8.5%), Enterococcus(12/6.0%), Enterobacter cloacae(8/4.0%), Escherichia coli(6/3.0%), and Pseudomonas aeruginosae(5/2.5%). The isolated fungi were Candida parapsilosis, Candida albicans, and Trichosporon pullulans. CNS, S. aureus and Acinetobacter baumannii were isolated more frequently in Period A compared to Period B. Antimicrobial susceptibilities of CNS and S. aureus to methicillin and the first generation cephalo sporins were decreased in Period B compare to Period A, those to aminoglycosides were increased in Period B, and vancomycin resistant strains were not identified. K. pneumoniae, Enterococcus, E. coli, and P. aeruginosa were isolated less frequently in Period B, compared to Period A. For K. pneumoniae, antimicrobial susceptibilities to the first generation cephalosporins were low in both Periods A and B, those to tobramycin and gentamicin were increased in Period B, and those to amikacin, ceftriaxone, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole were high in both Periods A and B. Antimicrobial susceptibilities of Enterococcous to ampicillin, penicillin, and the first generation cephalosporins were decreased in Period B, but vancomycin resistant strains were not identified. Conclusion : The occurrence rate of neonatal sepsis during the past 10 years in the NICU and nursery of the Hanyang University hospital was 1.1%, and the most common causitive agents were CNS and S. aureus, to which the antimicrobial susceptibilities to the first line drugs decreased in the later half of the study period with no vancomycin resistant isolates identified. Group B Streptococcus known to be the most common agent causing neonatal sepsis was not identified, and K. pneumoniae was isolated more commonly during the later half of the study period without decreased antimicrobial susceptibilities.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.47-52
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• 2011

We studied about the damaged tire decision algorithm that measured dominant period of ultrasonic signal due to a foreign material on the friction between tire and road surface. We computed the power spectrum about the envelope of ultrasonic signal acquired from the damaged tire, then proposed the dominant period decision algorithm by statistical power threshold value. As the result of simulation, when driving by the speed of 80km/h, the 100ms of dominant period that measured in the proposed algorithm is more accurate than the 97.6ms of power spectrum peak period referenced on the average period of ultrasonic signal envelope peak, 101.24ms.

• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.133-152
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• 2000

1. At the Menstruation Period, the uterus is easy to be invaded by a toxin because of its patency. Take cleanliness and hygiene into consideration. 2. At the Menstruation Period, much attention must be paid at the regulation of coldness and heat to harmonize the Menstruation. 3. At the Menstruation Period, excessive exercise must be avoided. Appropriate labor can help the circulation of vital energy & blood and reinforce the immunity of body. 4. The nourishing, plain, warming, digestible food is good at the Menstruation Period. Hot, stenched, stimulating food must be avoided and nuts & water fruit must not be overeaten. 5. At the Menstruation Period, sharpness & excessiveness of emotion must be avoided and a comfortable mood must be maintained. Especially premenstrual or postmenstrual period, peaceful spirit and sufficient sleep must be kept. 6. Women generally feel uncomfortable at the Menstruation Period, but it disappears spontaneously after menstruation. Don't take an overdose of medicine because it can disturb the normal condition.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.437-443
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• 1989

This experiment was carried out to investigate the hematological and blood chemical values in dairy cattle during the dry and lactating period. Blood was collected from six healthy dairy cattle in Gyeongnam province. Leucocytes count, hemoglobin concentrations and the percentage of packed cell volume were lowest at the early lactation period. Leucocytes count was not affected during dry the to lactating period. The differential count of eosinophilic leucocytes was low at the late lactation period, while the basophilic leucocytes was high at the dry period. Inorganic phosphorus value was below under normal level. Creatinine value was from 1 to 2mg/100ml of serum. Positive reaction to CRP was shown in normal dairy cattle. The values of AST and ALT were higher during the dry than lactating period. r-GTP and total cholesterol tend to be decreased during the lactating period. CPK value was not affected for dry and lactating period.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.107-119
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• 2021

Recently, interest in remodeling apartment houses has been increasing due to problems such as a lack of parking spaces for old apartment houses. However, no method was suggested to predict the construction period of the apartment remodeling project. Unlike general apartment new construction, apartment remodeling construction involves demolition or reinforcement work, so a realistic remodeling construction period calculation plan differentiated from the existing construction period should be proposed. Therefore, this study intends to present a model for deriving the construction period of the underground parking lot of the apartment remodeling construction. Each construction period was calculated based on 19 activities of underground parking lot remodeling work through review of previous studies and expert advice. Activity's workload data and productivity data were derived to calculate the construction period, and the number of inputs and equipment inputs by Activity were determined to correct the productivity data. The construction period of Activity was calculated using the derived data, and the criteria for calculating the overlapping period for each Activity were presented to enable realistic construction period and scheduled schedule. As a result of predicting the accuracy of the construction period through the verification of the case complex, it is expected that it will be possible to predict the approximate construction period of the underground parking lot of the apartment remodeling construction in the future.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.75-99
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• 2008

In the commercial transaction sellers use various sales strategies to increase profits, and this kind of sales strategies often causes damage to customers, it, moreover, is true that these examples happen in the electronic commercial market much more than in traditional one because of the characteristics if the electronic commerce. That's why people transact one another without face-to-face meeting in the electronic commerce market, so people one likely to fall for a trick to cheat and deceive. It's no doubt that the frequency of crime is higher than in face-to-face market. For that reason Cooling Off System, Consumer Compensation Insurance, Mutual Aid Association and Billing Payment Deposit System are in force the law related electronic commerce to protect customers' rights. In this paper it will be discussed about the periods of Cooling Off System and a received commodity notice of the Billing Payment Deposit System. Regarding these periods seven days for Cooling Off period and three days for a received commodity notice period are stipulated under the law of related electronic commerce to protect customers' rights, But each period has to be differentiated depending on each goods for this period to be reasonable and proper. Therefore in this study it will be focused on these facts and each period will be classified by the goods' purpose of purchase and quality.

• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.113-130
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• 2011

The laver has been cultivated long time ago by Korea and Japan. Korean Laver Industry has been influenced by Japan on the many factors since 20th. Nevertheless now the both country showed widening disparities across the aspect of total Laver Industry each other. The development steps of Korea and Japan Laver Industry have been advanced differently. That is, we can keep the Laver Industry development steps of both countries separate by 4 steps. But insignificant of every step against both countries has been dissimilar. We can separate from 4 steps in Korea, 1 step is origin period from beginning of laver cultivation to 1961. Next step is First Development period from 1962 to 1978. This period come out production increase from about 10,000 tons early 1960 to 50,000 tons late 1970. Next step is Second Development period from 1979 to 2000. This period come out eminent production increase from about 50,000 tons early 1980 to 200,000 tons late 1990. Next step is Stabilization period from 2001 to now. This period come out production control the size of its production and enlargement of Laver Export. We can also separate from 4 steps in Japan, 1 step is origin period from beginning of laver cultivation to 1944. Next step is Development period from 1945 to 1975. This period come out production increase from about 4 billion sheets early 1960 to 8.5 billion sheets 1975. Next step is Peak period from 1976 to 1982. This period come out sustainable production peak by 6~8 billion sheets and high price. Next step is Decline period from 1983 to now. This period come out production control the size of its production and sustainable price down. These differences showed out facing problems of Korean and Japanese Laver Industry differently. In case of Korea, the facing problems show out 3. First is structural problem, for example, trouble between original laver producer and the finished producer by dry laver products. Second is Insufficiency of Plants Protection System. Third is low quality of Laver. In case of Japan, the facing problems also show out 3. First is sustainable decrease of laver consumption. Second is change of mind against laver, for example, the change of the propensity to consume, and decrease of brand power. Third is Influence of global system. The difference of development steps of Korea and Japan Laver Industry show out 2 point of view to us. First we need consider positive strategy against laver production system of enlargement. Second, we need consider separate strategy against high quality laver and low quality laver.