• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.48-54
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• 1998

In this study a computerized prototype system was developed with Safety Management Information System(SMIS version 1.0) as a main system and database as subsystems to handle information. Safety management information consists of management aspects and technical elements, but SMIS consists of 4 modules of technical elements to interrelate safety technologies closely. SMIS enables gas industries to manage process safety information effectively and to evaluate hazards. The results from SMIS can be used to the operation manual and the emergency plan. Data base consists of 3 modules of accident data, material data, and equipment data to support SMIS. Also, the case study results proved the usefulness of SMIS for searching and accumulating process safety data. Especially, MIS which has the database suggests a formal structure for scattered raw safety data in gas industries and brings reduction of man power and time.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.22-30
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• 2004

It is an attempt to suggest the standard valuation method of the environmental illumination for the bridges across the Han-river from an aesthetic point of view, deviating from the technical and traditional viewpoint. In Korea the current evaluation criterion to verify the value of bridge design has a partiality for the technical and structural safety rather than the sentient beauty on the whole. However, the recently cultural reform of Korean mass society with the elevation of the standard of living forces the engineering designers for bridges to focus not only on competing physical structures but also on enhancing the formative beauty including the illumination effects for night view. Additionally, the new policy, which transforms the environments around the Han-river into the major tourist attractions has been executing strongly by the city authorities to revitalize the symbolic, historic, and cultural identity of the capital city with the introduction of the high-quality environmental illumination for the bridges. As a result, It becomes necessary to establish the manual and standardization of the environmental illumination planning for the city in terms of the formative beauty, and this study is to suggest the valuation model method of the environmental illumination for the bridges as the initial step of the standardization. In the study, the valuation items of the standard questionnaire are selected by the documentary records and the consultation of various experts in architecture, design, fine art, urban planning and even administration to verify the essential elements of the aesthetic beauty with the local amenity and the environmental harmony for the chosen bridges across the Han-river.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.73
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• pp.21-42
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• 2017

A BPO is an irrevocable undertaking given by an Obligor Bank acting on behalf of the buyer to a Recipient Bank acting on behalf of the seller to pay on satisfaction of certain specified conditions. There have been a Trade Service Utility(TSU), a Transaction Matching Application(TMA) and ISO 20022 TSMT messages that core electronic technical systems linked to the BPO. As a key usefulness of the BPO, it brings to market an alternative means of satisfying the risk mitigation, financing and information management needs of banks and businesses engaged in trade. That is, corporates can spread the risk among multiple Obligor Banks by requesting multiple BPOs for the same trade transaction not to exceed the value of the initial transaction. Since the BPO replaces the manual document checking process with the electronic matching of data, buyers and sellers will benefit from significantly increased accuracy and objectivity. By using BPO, buyers and sellers can become trusted counterparties by demonstrating reliability and giving sellers the assurance of being paid on time as per the payment terms and conditions agreed. When compared to L/C, the BPO requires submission of data only. This requires a change of practice of those accustomed to dealing with physical documentation. The beneficiary of a BPO is the Recipient Bank which is always the Seller's Bank. In the meantime, banks will need to agree between themselves that the URBPO 750 will be applied, modified or excluded. However, customers of banks will face low transactional costs due to a fully automated process and standardized data formats used in international trade documentation. There is no amendment and cancellation rules in the URBPO 750s, but only have Assignment of Proceeds rules. As a result, the BPO is likely to enable new business opportunities, lower costs, fast transaction process and strengthen key customer relationships.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Tobacco Science
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2008

Bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum has become a severe problem on tobacco in Korea. No effective single control measure is available at present time. One of the most potential way for controlling the bacterial wilt on tobacco is growing tobacco cultivars resistant to the bacterial wilt. In this study, optimal conditions for screening tobacco cultivars resistant to the bacterial wilt were examined to provide reproducible and efficient methods in growth chamber testing and field experiments for evaluating plant disease resistance. For this, already-known inoculation methods, inoculum densities, and incubation temperature, and plant growth stages at the time of inoculation were compared using tobacco cultivars resistant (Nicotiana tabacum cv, NC95), moderately resistant (N. tabacum cv. SPG70), and susceptible (N. tabacum BY4) to the bacterial disease. It was determined that root-dipping of tobacco seedlings at six true leaf stage into the bacterial suspension with inoculum level of $10^8$ colony-forming units (CFU)/ml for 20 min before transplanting was simple and most efficient in testing for resistance to the bacterial wilt of tobacco caused by R. solanacearum, for which disease incidences and severities were examined at 2 weeks of plant growth after inoculation at $20{\sim}25^{\circ}C$ in a growth chamber. These experimental conditions could discriminate one tobacco cultivar from the others by disease severity better than any other experimental conditions. In field testing, the optimum time for examining the disease occurrence was late June through early July. These results can be applied to establishing a technical manual for the screening of resistant tobacco cultivars against the bacterial wilt caused by R. solanacearum.

• Journal of KIBIM
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.1-5
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• 2011

A recent introduction of BIM has raised a necessity for BIM guidelines and guidelines following the decision about the BIM introduction are being present both home and abroad. This study hereby intended to develop BIM guidelines to the architectural field, for which the role and development directives of BIM guidelines were set up based on BIM concepts and examples of foreign guidelines. As a result, the role of guideline in (1)Activation of BIM (2)Support BIM process (3)Support and enhance collaboration (4)Standardized implementation of construction information (5)Technical support for BIM utilizing technology. It also classified the role of each guideline, standard and manual to establish detailed development directives. Besides, regarding the BIM process to clarify the goal to share among participants, information levels per stage and applicable scopes, for the sake of when to introduce BIM and how to use it properly, their contents were suggested in consideration of applicable BIM technologies based on business for each design stage at home.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.109-119
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• 2004

Rapid prototyping (RP) technologies have been widely used to reduce the lead-time and development cost of new products. $VLM-_{ST}$ process has been developed to overcome the currently developed RP technologies such as a large building time, a high building cost, an additional post-processing and a large apparatus cost. $VLM-_{ST}$ process requires an additional human interaction due to the manual stacking and bonding. Hence, building time, building cost and the part quality are dependent on the skill of labor. A novel RP process, fully automated $VLM-_{ST}$ process ($VLM-_{ST}$), has been developed to improve building efficiency of the process and the human dependency of the part. The objective of this work is to propose a $VLM-_{ST}$ process and to develop an apparatus for implementation of the process. $VLM-_{ST}$ process and its apparatus have various technical novelties such as two step cutting using a rotating table, an automatic stacking method using two pilot holes and two reference shapes, a concept of automatic unit shape layer (AUSL), and an automatic bonding using the bonding roller and building magazine. In order to examine the efficiency and the applicability of the proposed process, various three-dimensional shapes, such as a piston, a human head shape and a human bust shape, were fabricated on the apparatus.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.58-73
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to examine the need of the eyelash design area and the changes of an eye image according to eyelash design. Methodology included both a theoretical research and an empirical research. The theoretical research reviewed previous researches and technical books. The empirical research divided eye shapes, complemented the defect of eye shapes, and examined resulting image changes. A mechanical way was performed for treatment because it was more efficient than a manual way. A J-curl type was used. Eye length was divided into five and the point was determined. The length and density of curl were changed in each point to maximize a treatment effect. As a result, eye images were changed as follows. First, round eyes became stable. Slit eyes became vivid and soft. Wide-set eyes became intelligent and narrow-set eyes became smooth. Large eyes were naturally gradated and small eyes became larger. Double-eyelid eyes became stable and elegant and single-eyelid eyes became gentle and soft. Bulging eyes became easy and soft and sunken eyes became smooth. Peaked eyes became gentle and soft and sleepy eyes became strong and vivid. Based on the findings, eyelash design can play a role in changing an image according to eye shapes. In particular, a speed eyelash extension device to extend eyelash can reduce working hours and gradate only by angle control. It can complement the defect of eyes according to the design of each shape and change into a better image.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.1419-1422
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• 2014

Objective: To summarize the endoscopic screening findings in high-risk population of esophageal and gastric carcinoma and analyze influential factors related to screening. Methods: In seven selected cities and counties with high incidences of esophageal carcinoma, people at age of 40-69 were set as the target population. Those with gastroscopy contradictions were excluded, and all who were voluntary and willing to comply with the medical requirements were subjected to endoscopic screening and histological examination for esophageal, gastric cardia and gastric carcinoma in accordance with national technical manual for early detection and treatment of cancer. Results: In three years, 36,154 people were screened, and 16,847 (46.60%) cases were found to have precancerous lesions. A total of 875 cases were found to have cancers (2.42%), and among them 739 cases had early stage with an early diagnosis rate is 84.5%. Some 715 patients underwent prompt treatment and the success rate was 81.8%. Conclusions: In a high-risk population of esophageal and gastric carcinoma, it is feasible to implement early detection and treatment by endoscopic screening. Screening can identify potential invasive carcinoma, early stage carcinoma and precancerous lesions, improving efficacy through early detection and treatment. The exploratory analysis of related influential factors will help broad implementation of early detection and treatment for esophageal and gastric carcinoma.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.22-30
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• 2014

"ImwonGyeongjeji" is recognized the value which is unparalleled encyclopedia in the world, but that is only evaluate about variously handled with subject area and massive content and also most scholarly research was focusing agriculture which is the domestic situation of published period and "ImwonGyeongjeji" judged as a simple agriculture book. Therefore, this research focus to theory and technique of traditional landscape architecture from science of landscape architecture perspective and it is from "ImwonGyeongjeji" which is known as encyclopedia written by Seo Yu-gu in 19th century Joseon period. For such a contents, "ImwonGyeongjeji" can find a importance that it have value and status for represent of Korea 'landscape architecture statement' which compared with other East Asia in those aspects; 'professional about landscape architecture', 'superiority of composition system', indigenousness suitable for Korea' and 'enhance to superiority value of environmental factor for writing'.

• Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.65-74
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• 2007

Virtual manufacturing (VM) is a powerful technology for developing a new product, new equipment and new manufacturing system, and three-dimensional (3D) simulation is a core technology in VM. 3D simulation involves both mechanical simulation and discrete event simulation. This paper introduces a case study of implementing 3D simulation for developing an automatic assembly line in a Korean optical factory. This factory produces a lens module that is the part of a phone-camera. 3D simulation technology is applied from the early stage of development. In the conceptual design and the initial design phases for individual equipment, 3D mechanical simulation using $CATIA^{(R)}$ and $IGRIP^{(R)}$ is conducted. 3D discrete event simulation with $QUEST^{(R)}$ is applied to the detailed design of the equipment and of the whole system. The focus of the simulation is to verify the technical and economical feasibility of the new automatic system. As a result, the takt time is reduced to the quarter of the manual system, and the number of workers in a line is reduced tremendously.