• 대한기계학회논문집A
• /
• 제27권1호
• /
• pp.152-157
• /
• 2003

Process design of hot forging, asymmetric to symmetric rib-web shape steel, which is used for the turnout of railway express has been investigated. Owing to the big difference in shape between the initial billet and the final forged product, it is impossible to hot forge the rail in a single step. Therefore, multi step forging as well as die design for each step are necessary for the production. The deformation behavior during hot forging has been analyzed by the numerical simulation through commercial FEA software, $DEFORM^{TM}$-2D. Modification of the design and repeated simulation have been carried out on the basis of the simulation result. For comparison with the simulation results. flow analysis experiment using plasticine has been also carried out. The results of the flow analysis experiment showed good agreement with those of the simulation. Therefore, the developed process design could be applied to the actual production.

• 한국정밀공학회지
• /
• 제6권4호
• /
• pp.84-93
• /
• 1989

This paper describes some development of Computer-Aided Process Planning System for cold-forging of rotationally symmetric parts(soild shape and solid-can combined shape) produced by the presses or formers. Using the developed system, forming sequences for producing final product are generated as graphic forms and process names, preform dimensions and process parameters(load, punch pressure, die pressure) are generated as routing sheets. Konwledges for forming sequence and process parameters are extracted from process limitations, plasticity theories, handbooks, relevent refferences and empirical know-how of experts in cold forging companies. Among extracted knowldeges, general and consistent knowledges are represented as design rules and are constructed as knowledge base. The developed system provides more powerful tool for through checking the producibilities of design, conformation of appropriate forming sequences and discoveries of new possibility. The results of the developed system are in good agreement with the practical data.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국철도학회 1998년도 추계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.47-53
• /
• 1998

Many kinds of methods have been developed to carry out transverse analysis of prestressed concrete(PSC) box girder bridges. However, most bridge engineers only use the simple frame model to analyze PSC box girder in transverse direction because of its simplicity and easy usage. But, this frame model has many problems such that it can't consider warping, distortion and longitudinal load distribution. In this study, the results from simple frame model and 3-dimensional shell model with UIC load are compared to show its validity. The results from frame model are slightly larger than those of shell model in symmetric loading case. But, positive bending moment of top slab is larger in shell model than frame model in case subject to anti-symmetric loading. It shows that simple frame model can't always give conservative results, so a practical tool whose treatment is easy and whose product is reliable shall be developed as soon as possible.

• Management Science and Financial Engineering
• /
• 제13권2호
• /
• pp.99-116
• /
• 2007

This paper considers the value of location in a linear city model and examines the product differentiation equilibrium of duopoly providing different benefits to consumers. We show that if the value of location is small, symmetric location equilibrium occurs where two firms follow the maximal differentiation principle. However, as the value of location increases, asymmetric location equilibrium occurs where the low-value-location firm moves to the high-value-location firm and thus adjusted maximal differentiation principle holds. We also investigate two different price leadership model and demonstrate the relationship between the value of location and the role of price leadership. In particular, we show that when the location value is high, the price leadership by high-value-location firm will appear as a unique equilibrium.

• Korean Journal of Mathematics
• /
• 제7권1호
• /
• pp.103-110
• /
• 1999

For a group action ${\alpha}$ on a Kac algebra $\mathbb{K}$ with the crossed product Kac algebra $\mathbb{K}{\rtimes}_{\alpha}G$, we will show that ${\pi}_{\alpha}(\mathbb{K})$ is a sub-Kac algebra of $\mathbb{K}{\rtimes}_{\alpha}G$. We will also investigate the intrinsic group $G(\mathbb{K})$ of $\mathbb{K}$ and get a group action ${\beta}$ on a symmetric Kac algebra $\mathbb{K}_s(G(\mathbb{K})$ with the crossed product sub-Kac algebra $\mathbb{K}_s(G(\mathbb{K}){\rtimes}_{\beta}G$ of $\mathbb{K}{\rtimes}_{\alpha}G$.

• 소성∙가공
• /
• 제14권2호
• /
• pp.139-144
• /
• 2005

It was investigated that curved aluminum products with 'ㄷ' section or with 'h' section could be bended during extrusion by the extru-bending process. In order to make bending at the exit section of die, the flow of billet inside die cavity was controlled by the shape of billet. As results of the analysis of $DEFORM^{™}-3D$, it was known that the bending phenomenon at the die exit can be happened by the asymmetric section of billet. And it was known by the experiment with plasticine or aluminum material that an symmetric product with 'c' channel section and the product with flanged 'h' section could be bended because of asymmetric shape of billet.

• Kyungpook Mathematical Journal
• /
• 제61권1호
• /
• pp.11-21
• /
• 2021

We study the structure of rings whose factor rings modulo nonzero proper ideals are right duo; such rings are called right FD. We first see that this new ring property is not left-right symmetric. We prove for a non-prime right FD ring R that R is a subdirect product of subdirectly irreducible right FD rings; and that R/N∗(R) is a subdirect product of right duo domains, and R/J(R) is a subdirect product of division rings, where N∗(R) (J(R)) is the prime (Jacobson) radical of R. We study the relation among right FD rings, division rings, commutative rings, right duo rings and simple rings, in relation to matrix rings, polynomial rings and direct products. We prove that if a ring R is right FD and 0 ≠ e2 = e ∈ R then eRe is also right FD, examining that the class of right FD rings is not closed under subrings.

• 대한수학회지
• /
• 제46권4호
• /
• pp.785-812
• /
• 2009

The notion of weak metric and weak cometric schemes are introduced as a generalization of metric and cometric schemes. They are given as the wreath product of a finite number of symmetric association schemes satisfying certain equivalent conditions which are analogous to the ones for metric or cometric schemes. We characterize those schemes and determine some of their parameters.

• 대한수학회보
• /
• 제46권5호
• /
• pp.905-915
• /
• 2009

Making use of a generalized differential operator we introduce some new subclasses of multivalent analytic functions in the open unit disk and investigate their inclusion relationships. Some integral preserving properties of these subclasses are also discussed.

• 대한수학회지
• /
• 제45권6호
• /
• pp.1635-1646
• /
• 2008

Schanuel's formula describes the distribution of rational points on projective space. In this paper we will extend it to algebraic points of bounded degree in the case of ${\mathbb{P}}^1$. The estimate formula will also give an explicit error term which is quite small relative to the leading term. It will also lead to a quasi-asymptotic formula for the number of points of bounded degree on ${\mathbb{P}}^1$ according as the height bound goes to $\infty$.