• The Korean Journal of Archival Studies
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• no.73
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• pp.81-123
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• 2022

NGOs(Non-Governmental Organizations) are organization based on the 'voluntary participation' of citizens. Citizens' participation and support are essential for the existence and sustainable growth of the organization. The records of NGOs are produced, received, collected, and left behind in the course of their activities. Systematically managed records are used as information for business performance to increase operational efficiency. In addition, it plays a role in proving the legitimacy of the group and its activities to internal and external stakeholders of the NGO, such as whether the group's activities were performed legally and whether the group is actually working to realize the goal it stands for. Therefore record management of NGOs is required to improve accountability. In other words, NGOs can be gain the trust of civil society based on accountability through records and secure internal and external resources necessary for the existence of the group. In this study, after confirming the general record management status of NGOs in Busan, improvement measures were examined in terms of record management in order to increase the accountability of NGOs.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.22 no.7
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• pp.73-80
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• 2022

In this study, prior studies of 280 small business owners in Korea over the past two decades were comprehensively analyzed through keyword network and LDA topic modeling analysis, and overall views and trends in academia were examined. As core keywords, "sales" and "protection," which conflict with each other but are essential for stable and sustainable growth were selected, and 7 topics (Topic 1: start-up, topic 2: digital, topic 3: tax system, topic 4: capability, topic 5: coexistence, topic 6: regulation, and topic 7: funding) were drawn up. Based on the results of the analysis, the need to improve digital maturity for the continued growth and development of small business owners was raised, and the response at the pan-ministerial level and the stability of the performance of functions that can survive even after the new administration to solve the economic damage problems facing small business owners were suggested. In addition, attention to the long-term, speed, detail, and direction of government support in a new way, and a flexible approach to the negative way in which pre-allowance and post-regulation is given were suggested.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.32 no.11
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• pp.508-514
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• 2022

Piezoelectric composite films which are enabled by inorganic piezoelectric nanomaterials-embedded polymer, have attracted enormous attention as a sustainable power source for low powered electronics, because of their ease of fabrication and flexible nature. However, the absorption of applied stress by the soft polymeric matrices is a major issue that must be solved to expand the fields of piezoelectric composite applications. Herein, a flexible and porous piezoelectric composite (piezoelectric sponge) comprised of BaTiO₃ nanoparticles and polydimethylsiloxane was developed using template method to enhance the energy conversion efficiency by minimizing the stress that vanishes into the polymer matrix. In the porous structure, effective stress transfer can occur between the piezoelectric active materials in compression mode due to direct contact between the ceramic particles embedded in the pore-polymer interface. The piezoelectric sponge with 30 wt% of BaTiO₃ particles generated an open-circuit voltage of ~12 V and a short-circuit current of ~150 nA. A finite element method-based simulation was conducted to theoretically back up that the piezoelectric output performance was effectively improved by introducing the sponge structure. Furthermore, to demonstrate the feasibility of pressure detecting applications using the BaTiO₃ particles-embedded piezoelectric sponge, the composite was arranged in a 3 × 3 array and integrated into a single pressure sensor. The fabricated sensor array successfully detected the shape of the applied pressure. This work can provide a cost-effective, biocompatible, and structural strategy for realizing piezoelectric composite-based energy harvesters and self-powered sensors with improved energy conversion efficiency.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.493-502
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• 2022

In recent decades, infrastructural development has exploded, particularly in the coastal region of Saudi Arabia. The rising demand of most consumed aggregate in construction can be effectively compensated by the alternative material like scoria which lavishly exists in the western region. Scoria is characterized as lightweight aggregate beneficially used to develop lightweight concrete (LWC) - a potential alternative of normal weight concrete (NWC) ensuring reduction in the structural element's size, increase in building height, comparatively lighter foundation, etc. Hence, the goal of this study is to incorporate scoria-based structural lightweight concrete and evaluate its impact on superstructure and foundation design beside contributing to the economy of construction. Fresh, mechanical, and rheological properties of the novel LWC have been investigated. The structural analyses employ the NWC as well as LWC based structures under seismic and wind loadings. The commercial finite element package - ETABS was employed to find out the change in structural responses and foundations. The cost estimation and SWOT analysis for superstructure and foundation have also been carried out. It was revealed that the developed LWC enabled a more flexible structural design. Notable reduction in the steel and concrete prices of LWC might be possible in the low-rise building. It is postulated that the cost-effective and eco-friendly LWC will promote the usage of scoria as an effective alternative in Saudi Arabia and GCC countries for structurally viable LWC construction.

• Journal of the Korean institute of surface engineering
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• v.55 no.3
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• pp.180-186
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• 2022

The production of hydrogen via water electrolysis (i.e., green hydrogen) using renewable energy is key to the development of a sustainable society. However, most current electrocatalysts are based on expensive precious metals and require the use of highly purified water in the electrolyte. We demonstrated the preparation of a non-precious metal catalyst based on CuCo₂O₄ (CCO) via simple electrodeposition. Further, an optimization process for electrodeposition potential, solution concentration and electrodeposition method was develop for a catalyst-substrate integrated electrode, which indicated the highly electrocatalytic performance of the material in electrochemical tests and when applied to an anion exchange membrane water electrolyzer.

• Industry Promotion Research
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.1-13
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• 2022

This study of purpose is to examine the efficiency through the current status and performance of each institution providing the Daegu community service investment project, and to find a direction for the efficient operation of each institution. In order to promote efficient and effective project promotion by checking the management status that meets the purpose of the local community service investment project, to provide systematic services necessary to consumers, improve quality, and improve the environment, the accurate situation and situation through the efficiency analysis of the service provider organization It is necessary to identify problems, develop programs suitable for regional characteristics, and actively manage services. Specifically, it seeks to provide a more stable and sustainable local community service by measuring efficiency based on information from each institution and comparing and analyzing it among local governments. For this purpose, it is meaningful in analyzing the efficiency of each institution by using the DEA (data envelope analysis) method and presenting the goals and policy implications for efficient operation by comparing them by local government.

• Advances in concrete construction
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.349-360
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• 2022

The rising prices of landfills and the lack of cement production are motivating researchers to be more interested in using wastes to produce concrete mixtures materials. The use of waste materials such as eggshell and matakoline waste not only reduces landfill costs and space, but also reduces the cost of cement production for the concrete mixture. However, recycling waste materials has become critical in order to effectively manage environmental sustainability. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the appropriate properties of self-compacting concrete (SCC) by incorporating waste materials such as crushed ceramics as coarse aggregate and nano egg shell (NES) and nanoclay (NC) as cement replacements. Fresh properties of SCC, such as segregation, flow time and diameter, V-funnel, H2/H1 ratio, and fresh unit weight of concrete mixtures, as well as hardened properties, such as 7, 14, and 28 days compressive strength and 28 and 90 days flexural strength, were measured for this purpose. The presence of NC in the SCC mixture enhanced the compressive strength of the concrete when 5% of NES was added or in the case without the addition of NES compared to the control mixture. The flexural strength enhanced with the incorporation of NC in the SCC increased the flexural strength of the concrete compared to the control mixture, but the incorporation of 5% of NES decreased the flexural strength compared to the mixtures with NC. These results prove the possibility of using crushed ceramics as the coarse aggregate, and NES and NC as substitutes for 5, 7, and 10% of the cement in SCC, because the properties of such SCC in hardened and fresh states are satisfactory.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.312-317
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• 2022

Piezoelectric energy harvesting has attracted increasing attention over the last decade as a means for generating sustainable and long-lasting energy from wasted mechanical energy. To develop self-powered wearable devices, piezoelectric materials should be flexible, stretchable, and bio-eco-friendly. This study proposed the fabrication of stretchable piezoelectric composites via dispersing perovskite-structured BaTiO₃ nanoparticles inside an Ecoflex polymeric matrix. In particular, the stretchable piezoelectric sensor array was fabricated via a simple and cost-effective spin-coating process by exploiting the piezoelectric composite comprising of BaTiO₃ nanoparticles, Ecoflex matrix, and stretchable Ag coated textile electrodes. The fabricated sensor generated an output voltage of ~4.3 V under repeated compressing deformations. Moreover, the piezoelectric sensor array exhibited robust mechanical stability during mechanical pushing of ~5,000 cycles. Finite element method with multiphysics COMSOL simulation program was employed to support the experimental output performance of the fabricated device. Finally, the stretchable piezoelectric sensor array can be used as a self-powered touch sensor that can effectively detect and distinguish mechanical stimuli, such as pressing by a human finger. The fabricated sensor demonstrated potential to be used in a stretchable, lead-free, and scalable piezoelectric sensor array.

• Industry Promotion Research
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.9-16
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• 2022

In the midst of increasing interest in the environmental responsibility of companies, this study investigates how eco-friendly activities affect the creation of management performance. To this end, the effect of companies' green marketing on consumers' word-of-mouth intention, the mediating effect of brand reliability, and the moderating effect of consumers' pro-environmental behavior were verified. The results of the collected data analysis are as follows. First, companies' green marketing has a positive (+) effect on consumers' word-of-mouth intention. Second, brand reliability takes a positive (+) mediating role in the relationship between companies' green marketing and consumers' word-of-mouth intention. Third, consumers' pro-environment behavior has a moderating role between Brand Reliability and their word-of-mouth intention. Therefore, companies' eco-friendly strategies and their implementation will help enhance both brand reliability and consumers' word-of-mouth intention. By revealing the effect of companies' eco-friendly strategies and their implementation on brand reliability and consumers' word-of-mouth intention it is meaningful to analyze the relationship between green marketing and the possibility of consumers' spontaneous word-of-mouth intention. The results suggest to companies that it is necessary to establish an eco-friendly marketing strategy for sustainable growth.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.471-483
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• 2023

This paper presents an analytical hyperbolic theory based on the refined shear deformation theory for mechanical stability analysis of the simply supported advanced composites plates (exponentially, sigmoidal and power-law graded) under triangular, trapezoidal and uniform uniaxial and biaxial loading. The developed model ensures the boundary condition of the zero transverse stresses at the top and bottom surfaces without using the correction factor as first order shear deformation theory. The mathematical formulation of displacement contains only four unknowns in which the transverse deflection is divided to shear and bending components. The current study includes the effect of the geometric imperfection of the material. The modeling of the micro-void presence in the structure is based on the both true and apparent density formulas in which the porosity will be dense in the mid-plane and zero in the upper and lower surfaces (free surface) according to a logarithmic function. The analytical solutions of the uniaxial and biaxial critical buckling load are determined by solving the differential equilibrium equations of the system with the help of the Navier's method. The correctness and the effectiveness of the proposed HyRPT is confirmed by comparing the results with those found in the open literature which shows the high performance of this model to predict the stability characteristics of the FG structures employed in various fields. Several parametric analyses are performed to extract the most influenced parameters on the mechanical stability of this type of advanced composites plates.