• Journal of KIBIM
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2013

BIM(Building Information Modeling) ordering manuals and guidelines are diffused with the recent BIM activation. However, it is causing drawbacks such as an increase of work at each design stage and a decline of BIM application level that the standard of making up and managing BIM is vague and it includes comprehensive meaning. Therefore, this study aims to secure BIM work standard by establishing BIM making-out standard based on LOD(Level of Detail) classification considering domestic design process. It compared each definition of LOD by analyzing domestic and foreign BIM guideline examples, and figured out insufficiency of existing domestic and foreign design process and BIM guidelines. Moreover, it drew architects' work articles for promoting the progression of the efficient design process, and analyzed BIM requirements on design process, dividing BIM application scale by field. Through this analyzing process, it finally established BIM making-out standard classified by design process. The effects of establishing BIM making-out standard would include improving a division of labor and cooperation environment by creating integrated BIM model on design stages, advancing work efficiency by preventing a repetition and an increase of work, and upgrading project completeness and design quality. Besides, it can secure BIM work standard by clarifying responsibility for working steps. BIM making-out standard established by this study will contribute to developing the future BIM work standard document and BIM guideline as a data base.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.84-89
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• 2003

Standard Operating procedures (SOPs) provide a degree of assurance that an operation will be performed consistently by different people and also consistently by the same person at different times. An SOP is a written set of instructions that someone should follow to complete a job safely, with no adverse effect on personal health or the environment, and in a way that maximizes operational and production requirements. Basic categories of SOPs include purpose, scope, reference document, definition, responsibility, procedure, and so on. In this work, we introduce SOPs for bioprocess.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.57
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• pp.61-78
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to clarify the standard of fair and equitable treatment. Although most international investment treaties prescribe fair and equitable treatment that is the obligation to provide fair and equitable treatment to foreign investor, there is no clear definition and specific elements of fair and equitable treatment. Through the arbitral award cases we can find that tribunals have interpreted to include six principles; Due process & Protection from denial of justice, Good faith, Reasonableness & Nondiscrimination, Compliance with contractual obligation, Full protection and security, Transparency & Protection of the investor's legitimate expectations. This study suggest that host countries and investors focus on international trends concerning investment disputes in order to avoid future disputes. So future disputes can be prevented and prepared in advance.

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• v.2
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• pp.899-902
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• 2006

For a quick and accurate 3D modelling of a building, laser scanning data, digital maps, aerial photographs and satellite images should be fusioned. Moreover, library establishment according to a standard structure of a building and effective texturing method are required in order to determine the structure of a building. In this study, we made a standard library by categorizing Korean village forms and presented a model that can predict a structure of a building from a shape of the roof on an aerial photo image. We made an ortho image using the high-definition digital image and considerable amount of ground scanning point cloud and mapped this image. These methods enabled a more quick and accurate building modelling.

• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.10-17
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• 2012

This paper presents a clock regenerator using two $2^{nd}$ order ${\sum}-{\Delta}$ (sigma-delta) modulators for wide range of dividing ratio as defined in HDMI standard. The proposed circuit adopts a fractional-N frequency synthesis architecture for PLL-based clock regeneration. By converting the integer and decimal part of the N and CTS values in HDMI format and processing separately at two different ${\sum}-{\Delta}$ modulators, the proposed circuit covers a very wide range of the dividing ratio as HDMI standard. The circuit is fabricated using 0.18 ${\mu}m$ CMOS and shows 13 mW power consumption with an on-chip loop filter implementation.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.245-261
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• 2009

Since XML emerged as a standard for data exchange on the web, it has been widely used for applications like e-Commerce, CRM, and BI. However, it is common that most of business data is stored in relational database systems, and it is expected that business data management would still be centered around the relational database systems. As such, the technique of viewing relational data as XML and processing XML queries against it is required. To meet such a need, in the SQL/XML standard, the functions to publish relational data as XML are provided. In this paper, we propose the techniques of providing an XML view of relational data defined by an SQL/XML statement in DTD(Document Type Definition), and of processing XPath queries against the XML view by translating them into SQL/XML statements, and describe the validation of such techniques through implementation and tests.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2010.06a
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• pp.1038-1043
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• 2010

According to the korea standard (KS)'s definition through 'KSC IEC 61643-1(2007), A SPD(Surge Protective Device) is an appliance designed to protect electrical devices from voltage spikes and the principal components used to reduce or limit high voltages can include one or more of the nonlinear components. 4 type of those nonlinear components are utilized in accordance with korea standard's IEC regulation. The SPD is installed the place(in and out side of installation for protecting damage due to the inflow of light surge) which we need by combination of nonlinear components. In this study, the analysis based on the characteristics of SPD from PF track circuit are discussed.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.87-101
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• 2007

The definition and concept of disasters and their preparedness have been changing according to the modern situation. The basic change is that the concept of absolute standard and prevention of hardware damage in the past have been changing to the concept of relative standard and mitigation of direct damage to human. For achieving the purpose, advanced countries developed and used their own analysis method of hazard and vulnerability for disaster ; ASHE hazard and vulnerability evaluation method, hazard matrix method by CDC, FEMA model method and SMUG hazard priority method. Because each analysis method cannot evaluate the hazard and vulnerability for specific disaster, the advantages and disadvantages should be applied for specific situation of disaster in Korea and new analysis method should be extracted in the future.

• Journal of The Korean Digital Architecture Interior Association
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.91-98
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• 2009

My questionaire survey revealed that even those experts that engage in architectural design did not precisely understand much of the regulations concerning ground-level. In terms of restricting the size of the building area, the generous policy of excluding balconies and basements from the calculation of building size actually causes problems. As far as the right to sunshine is concerned, the weighted average ground-level is determined to be the ground-level standard of the neighboring plot when the neighboring plot is a sloping bare ground. When the difference of heights is over 3 meters, it would be appropriate to assess the weighted ground-level standard every 3 meters.

• Korean Management Science Review
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.143-161
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• 1996

For an industry, production capacity is defined as the maximum level of output that plants can maintain within the framework of a realistic work schedule, taking account of normal downtime, and assuming sufficient availability of inputs to operate machinery and equipment in place. Such capacity is one of the important and basic due to measure, manage and evaluate the production performance and ability of any industrial bodies. However, the estimating methods now in use in Korea are seemed far from the definition above. And there are not any standard estimating method suggested even in the same sort of manufacturing and also no applicable theory for objective and exact measurement. Thus, in this paper, a new measuring model is suggested as standard and supporting theories are developed for general measurement purpose to any manufacturing industries.