• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.100-107
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• 2018

In order to overcome social exclusion and to integrate social housing, it is necessary to plan a communal space in urban collective housing so that residents can have belonging sense and community consciousness. In this study, it is necessary to consider the linkage between social integration and residential space, and to derive the characteristics of planning the collective housing for social integration. We analyzed the planning characteristics of MVRDV's communal spaces of collective housing and suggested a method of planning communal spaces of urban collective housing for social integration. Urban density is an important tool and background for MVRDV's design methodology. For this reason, MVRDV's collective housing is selected as a case study in this study. As a result of case analysis, openness and connection characteristics should be considered by using various devices such as glass exterior, balcony, and void in planning the communal space in urban collective housing for social integration. However, since it has appeared in many cases, it can be criticized that the application of this is merely a logic. In other words, it is possible to suggest that we should actively introduce less accessible access. This problem should be solved through more case studies.

• Hwankyungkyoyuk
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.106-115
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• 2001

So far, most of studies on environmentally responsible behaviors were based on the Hines et. al.(1987)'s behavior model which emphasized mainly personal causes of behaviors. This study was planned to investigate whether self-efficacy and conformity toward social norm could be good predictors for environmentally responsible behaviors or not. In the preliminary study, Several scales on environmental problems were made up for measuring the levels of knowledge, attitude, and behavior from usually used items of previous studies. And, some relevant items to self-efficacy scale and conformity toward social norm scale were selected through factor analysis and reliability analysis recursively. In the main study, Knowledge, attitude, self-efficacy, conformity toward social norm, and behavior of high school students were measured in urban and rural areas. Results showed that students in urban areas took environmentally responsible behavior more often than ones in rural areas, and there were no differences in attitude and sensitivity but significant differences in self-efficacy and confirmity toward social norm between them. According to regression analysis, self-efficacy was the best predictor for environmentally responsible behaviors, and confirmity toward social norm and knowledge were also good predictors. In conclusion, self-efficacy and confirmity toward social norm are better predictors for environmentally responsible behaviors than attitude.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.163-185
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• 2015

This study examined the influences of general characteristics, maternal parenting behaviors and children's self-control ability on children's social competence. A total of 416 children in the fifth and sixth grades responded to questionnaires, which included items related to their social competence, their mothers' parenting behavior, as well as their own self-control ability. Data were analyzed by means of Pearson correlation analysis and the hierarchical regression analysis method. According to the results of the hierarchical multiple regression analysis, children's self-control ability best explained their social competence. In terms of individual factors, motivational self-control had the greatest effect on social competence, followed by cognitive self-regulation, behavioral self-regulation, economic level, gender and grades, in that order. The results for the effects of maternal parenting behaviors and children's self-control ability on children's social competence highlighted the important roles played by the mother and the child's self-control ability in improving the child's social competence. The study contributes to the literature by providing fundamental insights into children's higher quality of life.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.115-135
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• 1993

The purpose of this study was to develop instruments for measuring paternal child rearing involvement. A second purpose was to investigate the relationship between social competency of child and the father's involvement in child rearing. Fathers' child rearing involvement inventories were administered to 513 5th and 6th grade school students to evaluate children's perceived father's rearing involvement. Assessment of the child's social competency by the mother was by the modified Iowa Social Competency Scale. Data were analyzed by factor analysis, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and canonical correlation. The main results were as follows: (1) There were differences in mean scores between variables on father's child rearing involvement. The mean score of 'day-to-day guidance' was higher than such father's involvement variables as 'family activities', 'household affairs', 'home education'. (2) There was a significant correlation between the social competency of children and father's child rearing involvement. In other words, fathers' child rearing involvement showed significant correlations with 'the capability' and 'leadership' of children. (3) The canonical analysis in two variables-the fathers' child rearing involvement (independent variables) and the children's social competency (dependent variables)-showed that the child variables most highly correlated to the independent variables were 'capability' and 'affection toward parents'. This also indicated that the father variables accounted for about 9.4% of the variation in social competency. In conclusion, the father's child rearing involvement can he recognized as significant variable in predicting the social competency of children.

• Asian Journal for Public Opinion Research
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.1-17
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• 2018

As societal interest in inequality increases in Korea, both public and academic discussion on inequality is also on the rise. In order to more effectively discuss the problems of rising inequality, however, it is essential to study the consequences and implications of inequality. This study examines one of the consequences of inequality, particularly on individuals - the relationship between an individual's perception of inequality and his/her evaluation of societal health, such as social trust and social mobility. According to a statistical analysis of the Korean Academic Multimode Open Survey for Social Sciences (KAMOS), those who perceive the level of income and wealth inequality in Korea as more unequal tend to have a lower level of trust toward Korean society and Korean people, as well as a lower expectation for both intra- and intergenerational social mobility. This study, which shows that rising inequality could have a negative impact at the individual level, not only extends the scope of the consequence-of-inequality studies from the society-oriented toward the individual-oriented, but it also has significant implications for the field, suggesting a new direction for future studies.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.113-123
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• 2013

This investigation studied 1)the correlations among pre-service child care teachers' behavioral characteristics, social support and self-efficacy, and 2)the mediating effects of pre-service child care teachers' behavioral characteristics and social support on self-efficacy. The subjects were 240 pre-service child care teachers working at S-center for nursery teacher education or I-center for nursery teacher education in the Incheon area. The findings are as follows. First, the relationships among pre-service child care teachers' behavioral characteristics, social support and self-efficacy were examined by showing correlations. Second, we found that in terms of the mediating role of social support in the relationship between pre-service child care teachers' behavioral characteristics and self-efficacy, type D and type S show self-efficacy; they also have a direct impact on the social support indirectly affected through. Thus, social support can be seen as having a partial mediating effect.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.65-79
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• 1992

The present study investigated perception of social authority by children and adolescents removed from illegally built shacks 181 children and adolescents from illegally built shacks and 200 comparative respondants of middle socioeconomic status were investigated. Perception of the social authority figures was classified by 5 categories(self, family member, neighbor, teacher and peer. social authority, collective member) in terms of contactable possibility and psychological distance. The data were analyzed by Hest. The results showed that (1) compared with their middle class peers(M group) children and adolescents from illegally built shacks(S group) perceived social authority figures positively, while they perceived their own family members less favorably. (2) The S group regarded their teachers as more valuable and able than M group. (3) The S group perceived social authority figures, i. e., statemen. polices. national assembly members. public servants and enterprisers, less favorably than their family members. (4) There were main effects of the age and sex variables of respondants. (5) There was an interaction effects between the age. sex and SES variables and was also interation effect between age. sex and task variables in cognition for the social authority figures. There was also an interaction effect between age and SES variables in perception for the personal traits of the social authority figures.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.55 no.6
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• pp.625-635
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• 2017

This study examined the mediating effect of self-concept on the relationship of peer victimization and social anxiety in middle school students. Study participants consisted of 235 (122 boys and 113 girls) first to third graders from three middle schools located in Seoul and Gyung-gi province. The School Violence Experience Scale and the Self-Concept Scale were used to measure research variables in the Korean version of Social Anxiety Scale for adolescents. Descriptive statistics and Pearson's correlation coefficients were calculated to examine the general tendency of study variables. In addition, structural equation modeling(SEM) was used to examine the mediating model. The study results were as follows. First, the level of peer victimization of the middle school students decreased the self-concept level; in addition, the self-concept level had a significant negative effect on the social anxiety level. Second, the self-concept level fully mediated the peer victimization and social anxiety relationship. In conclusion, a higher peer victimization level resulted in a lower self-concept level, that produced a higher social anxiety level in middle school students. The results suggested that implementing effective interventions to prevent peer victimization and encouraging a positive self-concept in middle school students would make a significant contribution to reducing social anxiety.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.129-150
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• 2013

The effects of parental attachment and empathy on social competence were examined with a sample of 403 fifth and sixth graders (192 males, 211 females) attending elementary schools in Gyoung-gi province. All research variables were measured using self-reported questionnaires conducted by the children concerned. Data were analyzed by means of structural equation modeling. The results indicated that parental attachment had no direct effect, but there was an indirect effect on children's social competence mediated by children's empathy. Maternal attachment influenced children's social competence relatively more than paternal attachment. As compared to parental attachment, however, children's empathy was the more influential variable when it came to social competence. These results were consistent in both genders. The results of this study emphasize that children's own characteristics such as empathy tend to be important factors in developing social competence compared to the parental role in middle childhood. Accordingly, interventions aimed at improving children's empathy need to be emphasized in order to develop children's social competence regardless of gender.

• Journal of Science and Technology Studies
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• v.2 no.2 s.4
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• pp.55-89
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• 2002

The purpose of this article is to examine and assess the main issues in social constructivism with reference to the history of technology. Social constructivism, as an alternative explanation to technological change, has developed its points actively responding to various criticisms. Historians of technology have joined in dialogues with social constructivists through controversies about narrative vs theory, reliability vs performance, and evolution of bicycle. Social constructivists tend to use new jargons excessively, don't deal historical materials rigorously, and don't consider content-dependency sufficiently. To apply social constructivism to Korean cases many problems should be identified including the deficiency of historical materials, the importance of technological learning, and the peculiarity of relevant social group.