• 공학교육연구
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.69-77
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• 2012

GNTECH-ICEE, which this study seeks to investigate and evaluate, demonstrates a new system of training innovative engineers. An essential component of this operation is a Small Engineering Group (SEG) that links professors, students and industrial experts together, to study and apply different techniques in determining the processes and products that relate industrial sectors needs. As an education program, SEG also provides a right direction for educating students, and generates industry-university link based human resources. Through these efforts, GNTECH-ICEE has effectively trained creative, professional, and practical engineers, by operating a variety of programs for meeting industrial needs and enhancing engineering education. SEG has many merits that have influenced its success so far, but the program also faces some challenges. The merits include; strong group bondage, practical ability incubation, and efficient administrative support. In terms of demerits, it is evident that sufficient theoretical education and local small-middle size enterprises (SMEs)' sustainable participation cannot be warranted. Thus, we propose that initiative strategies have been helpful to maximize GNTECH-ICEE's goal of making students into multi-player engineer, but continuously financial and administrative strategies be put into place in order to guarantee SMEs' long-term devotion to the program, and to help create a sustainable network between students and the companies involved.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제15권7호
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• pp.2610-2630
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• 2021

The aim of this paper is to propose the alternative algorithm to finish the process in public key cryptography. In general, the proposed method can be selected to finish both of modular exponentiation and point multiplication. Although this method is not the best method in all cases, it may be the most efficient method when the condition responds well to this approach. Assuming that the binary system of the exponent or the multiplier is considered and it is divided into groups, the binary system is in excellent condition when the number of groups is small. Each group is generated from a number of 0 that is adjacent to each other. The main idea behind the proposed method is to convert the exponent or the multiplier as the subtraction between two integers. For these integers, it is impossible that the bit which is equal to 1 will be assigned in the same position. The experiment is split into two sections. The first section is an experiment to examine the modular exponentiation. The results demonstrate that the cost of completing the modular multiplication is decreased if the number of groups is very small. In tables 7 - 9, four modular multiplications are required when there is one group, although number of bits which are equal to 0 in each table is different. The second component is the experiment to examine the point multiplication process in Elliptic Curves Cryptography. The findings demonstrate that if the number of groups is small, the costs to compute point additions are low. In tables 10 - 12, assigning one group is appeared, number of point addition is one when the multiplier of a point is an even number. However, three-point additions are required when the multiplier is an odd number. As a result, the proposed method is an alternative way that should be used when the number of groups is minimal in order to save the costs.

• 산업공학
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.308-315
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• 2002

This study presents the web based cutting parameter selection system using Group Technology (GT). The GT is basically applied to classify and code the work material and cutting process which are main factors to affect cutting parameter selection. The proposed system has been designed to electronically select proper cutting conditions based on the stored GT database. The existing approaches used in most small and medium sized companies are basically to use manufacturing engineer's experience or to find the recommended values from the manufacturing engineers handbook. These processes are often time consuming and inconsistent, especially when a new engineer is involved. Consequently, the proposed system could automatically and consistently generate the proper cutting conditions (feed, depth of cut, and cutting speed) as soon as relatively simple data input is given thanks to the classified GT database.

• Design & Manufacturing
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.6-9
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• 2015

The objective of manufacturing knowledge sharing platform is to convert the production experience like a worker's know-how into quantitative values, to construct database of the process technologies and to share the technologies systematically via web portal service. In addition, the knowledge sharing platform contains the total production processes of automobile and mobile products such as information of experts, facilities, and cutting-edge R&D outputs. Automobile, telecommunication mobile, and semiconductors account for a large amount of Korea's export industry rate. These industries need production technology which is a result of converting worker's know-how and R&D. Manufacturing knowledge portal aims to enable transforming production experience such as worker's know-how into standardized form for constructing database and sharing technologies systematically. Manufacturing knowledge portal can contribute to small and mid-sized manufacturing companies with further improvements.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.657-662
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• 1997

Gas-phase phenyl group migration within the protonated ketones has been studied MO theoretically using the AM1 method. The initial state structure shows relatively strong resonance delocalization of positive charge into the nonmigrating (Y) ring, while the ring migration (Z-ring) is nearly complete in the transition state. These results are reflected in the large $p^+_Z$ (<0) and $p^+_$Y (>0) values and in the predominant contribution of resonance (r) over inductive (field, f) effect, r/f ranging from 1.3 ($p^+_r$) to 1.5 ($p^+_z$). The cross-interaction constant $p_{YZ}$ is vanishingly small ($p_{YZ}$=0.03) which is in contrast to the larger magnitudes for benzilic ($p_{YZ}$=-0.48) and azibenzil ($p_{YZ}$=-0.53) rearrangement processes. The relationship found between the extent of resonance contribution in the initial state and the magnitude of $p_{YZ}$ provides strong support for the proportionality between the magnitude of $p_{YZ}$ and the change in the intensity of interaction, ${\Delta}I^{\cdot}_{YZ}$, in the activation process.

• 한국초등수학교육학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.143-159
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• 2018

수학 문제해결 교육 연구에 있어서 문제해결 과정에 나타나는 인지적, 정의적 요소의 상호작용 및 메타정의적 측면에 대한 연구의 비중이 점차 증가하고 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 수학 학습 성취 수준에 따라 초등학생의 문제해결 과정에 작용하는 메타정의의 기능적 특성을 파악하기 위하여 빈도 분석과 사례 분석을 병행하였다. 수학 학습 성취 수준에 따라 협업적 문제해결 활동에서 나타나는 메타정의 출현 빈도, 메타정의 유형별 빈도, 메타정의의 메타적 기능 유형별 빈도를 비교 분석하였다. 또한, 수학 학습 성취 수준별 메타정의의 메타적 기능 유형별 사례의 분석을 통하여 메타정의의 실제적인 작용 메카니즘을 파악하였다. 그 결과, 수학 학습 성취 하 수준 집단의 문제해결 과정에서 상 수준 집단에 비해 메타정의의 출현 비율이 상대적으로 높았으며, 상 수준 집단의 메타정의는 하 수준 집단에 비해 상대적으로 다양한 유형의 메타적 기능으로 작용하였다. 이와 같은 연구 결과로부터 수학 문제해결 수업에 적용해 볼 수 있는 메타정의의 기능적 특성과 관련한 교육적 시사점을 도출하였다.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.170-180
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• 2010

지구과학의 여러 영역 중에서 특히 천문학은 시공간적 변화를 추상적으로 다루어야 하는 경우가 많다. 이런 천문 영역을 효과적으로 학습할 수 있는 방법으로 개념스케치-간결한 설명, 기호 및 용어를 사용하여 학습할 내용의 주요 특징, 원리, 절차, 관계 등을 나타낸 그림-를 활용하였다. 본 연구에서는 고등학교 1학년 학생들을 대상으로 지구과학 천문 영역에서 개념스케치의 작성 및 토론을 수업에 적용하고 그 효과를 분석하기 위하여 실험 집단과 비교 집단을 선정하여 개념스케치를 활용한 소집단 토론 수업과 전통적인 수업을 각각 실시하였다. 그런 다음 면담 대상자를 선정하여 질문지 검사와 심층 면담을 실시하였다. 자료를 분석한 결과, 개념스케치를 활용한 소집단 토론수업은 상위권과 하위권 학생들의 개념 이해 정도에 효과가 있었으며, 특히 학생들의 적극적인 수업 참여를 이끌어내는 수업 방식이었다. 학생들은 자신의 생각과 의견을 동료들과 교환하는 토론 과정을 거치면서 학습 내용을 장기간 기억할 수 있는 효과를 얻을수 있었고, 무엇보다도 친숙한 느낌을 주는 그림 그리기 활동이 학생들의 수업 흥미도를 높여 주었다.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.181-190
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• 2023

이 연구에서는 증강현실을 활용한 소집단 학습에서 도구 사용 환경에 따른 담화를 참여 유형, 담화의 유형, 지식 형성 과정 측면에서 비교하였다. 고등학교 1학년 학생 24명을 6개 모둠으로 나눈 후, 마커 1개와 스마트 기기 1개를 공동으로 사용하는 도구 공유 환경과 마커와 스마트 기기를 개별로 사용하는 개별 도구 환경에 각각 배치하였다. 학생들은 모둠별로 물질의 규칙성과 결합 단원에서 다루는 개념을 주제로 증강현실 애플리케이션을 활용한 소집단 학습에 참여하였다. 모든 수업 과정은 모둠별로 녹음 및 녹화하였으며, 자발적으로 동의한 학생 6명을 대상으로 반구조화된 면담을 실시하였다. 연구결과, 도구 공유 환경은 일인 주도형의 비율이 높았으나, 개별 도구 환경은 부분 참여형 및 다수 참여형의 비율이 높았다. 개별 도구 환경은 도구 공유 환경보다 지식 공유와 지식 구성 담화의 비율이 유사하였고, 세부 담화 유형도 다양하였다. 도구 공유 환경에서는 일부 학생에 대해서만 의미 있는 지식 형성 과정이 나타났다. 반면 개별 도구 환경에서는 모둠원 대부분이 목표 개념에 대해 올바른 지식을 구성하며 의미 있는 지식 형성 과정이 이루어졌으며, 일부 모둠원에게 나타난 오개념은 소집단 토의를 통해 올바른 과학 개념으로 수정되었다.

• 대한수학교육학회지:수학교육학연구
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.11-35
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• 2001

Many teachers report familiarity with and adherence to reform ideas, but their actual teaching practices do not reflect a deep understanding of reform. Given the challenges in implementing reform, this study intended to explore the breakdown that may occur between teachers' adoption of reform objectives and their successful incorporation of reform ideals. To this end, this study compared and contrasted the classroom social norms and sociomathematical norms of two United States second-grade teachers who aspired to implement reform. This study is an exploratory, qualitative, comparative case study. This study uses the grounded theory methodology based on the constant comparative analysis for which the primary data sources were classroom video recordings and transcripts. The two classrooms established similar social norms including an open and permissive learning environment, stressing group cooperation, employing enjoyable activity formats for students, and orchestrating individual or small group session followed by whole group discussion. Despite these similar social participation structures, the two classes were remarkably different in terms of sociomathematical norms. In one class, the students were involved in mathematical processes by which being accurate or automatic was evaluated as a more important contribution to the classroom community than being insightful or creative. In the other class, the students were continually engaged in significant mathematical processes by which they could develop an appreciation of characteristically mathematical ways of thinking, communi-eating, arguing, proving, and valuing. It was apparent from this study that sociomathematical norms are an important construct reflecting the quality of students' mathematical engagement and anticipating their conceptual learning opportunities. A re-theorization of sociomathematical norms was offered so as to highlight the importance of this construct in the analysis of reform-oriented classrooms.

• 센서학회지
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• 제32권5호
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• pp.328-333
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• 2023

This study experimentally verified the etch rate of the SiO₂ sacrificial layer etching process with a single etch hole using vapor-phase hydrogen fluoride (VHF) etching. To fabricate small-sized polysilicon etch holes, both circular and triangular pattern masks were employed. Etch holes were fabricated in the polysilicon thin film on the SiO₂ sacrificial layer, and VHF etching was performed to release the polysilicon thin film. The lateral etch rate was measured for varying etch hole sizes and sacrificial layer thicknesses. Based on the measured results, we obtained an approximate equation for the etch rate as a function of the etch hole size and sacrificial layer thickness. The etch rates obtained in this study can be utilized to minimize structural damage caused by incomplete or excessive etching in sacrificial layer processes. In addition, the results of this study provide insights for optimizing sacrificial layer etching and properly designing the size and spacing of the etch holes. In the future, further research will be conducted to explore the formation of structures using chemical vapor deposition (CVD) processes to simultaneously seal etch hole and prevent adhesion owing to polysilicon film vibration.