• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제18권7호
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• pp.410-416
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• 2017

고령화 사회의 실버세대는 새로운 소비자군으로 급부상하여 실버고객들이 이용하는 서비스 산업이 발전할 것이다. 그 중에서도 미용서비스 분야는 실버세대들에게 삶의 질적 향상을 위하여 반드시 필요한 분야이다. 본 연구는 실버세대의 미용서비스 품질 형성요인을 알아보고 고객충성도와의 관계성을 알아보기 위하여 서울지역에 거주하고 있는 244명의 실버 세대들을 대상으로 분석을 실시하였다. 실증분석을 위한 통계처리는 SPSS 23.0과 AMOS 23.0 통계 프로그램을 활용하였다. 분석결과, 미용서비스를 이용하는 실버고객이 인지하는 서비스품질은 관계품질인 신뢰와 몰입에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났고, 관계품질인 신뢰와 몰입은 고객충성도에 정의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 서비스품질과 고객충성도의 관계에서 신뢰는 신뢰성, 반응성, 공감성, 확신성에서 매개효과가 있었고, 몰입은 신뢰성, 반응성, 공감성, 확신성, 유형성에서 매개효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구의 결과는 실버세대를 위한 실버 전용 미용서비스 산업과 그와 관련된 교육 프로그램이 미미한 실정에서 실버세대를 위한 미용산업이 중요한 자리매김을 할 수 있는 기초자료를 제시하는 데에 큰 의의가 있다.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.215-222
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• 2010

The market size of engineered nanoparticles is rapidly increasing due to the fast application of nanotechnologies into different industries and consumer products. The development of new technology and materials has improved human's quality of life, but it also entails the possibility of exposure to new materials. In this study, we compared the distribution in the body by the inflow of silver nanoparticles having another diameter and shape at 1 h or 24 h after injection via the tail vein. And, we compared the cell composition and cytokine concentration in BAL fluid, and histopathological changes. As results, discharge of silver nanoparticles having small diameter and sphere shape was more rapid than that of big diameter or plate shape. It is estimated that the toxicity in liver and lung was proportional to accumulation level. The persistence of inflammation was also longer in mice treated with plate shape. Consequently, we suggest that the first choice of silver nanoparticles having small diameter and sphere shape in applying is desirable.

• 약학회지
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• 제56권2호
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• pp.74-79
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• 2012

Citrate-capped silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are widely used in industry, consumer products and medical appliances. However, information on the toxicity, environmental fate and toxicokinetics are not enough. In this study, stability of citrate-capped AgNPs was investigated using different types of isotonic solution, which is important in the toxicokinetic study by the exposure route of intravenous injection. Size, morphology, zeta potential and ion formation were investigated in isotonic solutions for the physico-chemical characterization of AgNPs. Aggregation and precipitation of AgNPs were observed in saline or phosphate-buffered saline while they were stable without precipitation in 2% glycerol of isotonic solution. The average size of AgNPs in 2% glycerol was 6~10 nm, which was almost same as that in water-based suspension of AgNPs. Zeta potential was ranged from -30 mV to -60 mV, which was in the range of original stock AgNPs. The stability was maintained during the whole experimental period of 48 hours. Furthermore, the stability was not changed in different temperature (10~36$^{\circ}C$) and at different concentrations (10~1,000 ppm). The osmolarity of the AgNPs suspension was $299{\pm}1$ mOsm/kg which was in isotonic range. These data suggest that AgNPs in 2% glycerol solution can be used for the preparations of intravenous injection for toxicokinetic study without undesired disturbance of blood isotonicity.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제16권9호
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• pp.5-11
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• 2018

Purpose - In recent, Japanese retailers have expanded their business into Korea, although Korean customers have anti-Japan sentiment in their mind, It is, thus, necessary to investigate how Korean customers react to Japanese retailers, when selecting a shopping place. Research design, data, and methodology - The authors have developed a research model with five hypotheses, based on the literature review process, and used confirmative factor analysis(CFA) as well as a structural equation model(SEM) as a research technique, in order to verify hypotheses. Results - All of hypotheses are accepted. Anti-Japan sentiment significantly influences consumer ethnocentrism and animosity. Interestingly, consumer ethnocentricity affects the formation process of animosity. Rather than ethnocentrism, animosity relatively influences customer attitudes towards Japanese retailers, when Korean customers choose a retailer. Conclusions - The authors found that anti-Japan sentiment has significantly affected Korean customer attitudes. In order for Japanese retailers to increase their market shares in the Korean market, they have to make a significant effort to alleviate the degree of anti-Japan sentiment, together with Japanese government. In contrast with research findings, Japanese retailers have done their business very well in Korea. Considering that Japanese retailers target younger customers in Korea, demographic elements should be involved in the future research.

• 스마트미디어저널
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.60-70
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• 2018

최근 고령 사회로의 진입으로 헬스케어 서비스의 수요가 확대되고 있다. 하지만 노후를 능동적으로 준비하는 뉴실버세대의 특성을 고려한 GUI연구는 아직 미비한 실정이다. 뉴실버세대는 일반적인 고령자들보다는 정보취득에 대한 거부감이 약하기는 하지만 40대 이하의 젊은 세대들과 정보습득능력의 차이를 보이고 있기 때문에 그들의 신체적, 심리적, 사회적 특성을 고려한 모바일 헬스케어 서비스의 GUI에 대한 연구가 시급하다. 따라서 본 연구의 목적은 미래 의료소비의 중심으로 떠오르고 있는 뉴실버세대가 모바일 헬스케어 서비스를 쉽게 사용할 수 있도록 하기 위한 GUI평가 가이드를 제안하는 데에 있다. 연구방법은 첫 번째, 문헌연구과 선행연구를 통해 뉴실버세대의 특성을 분석하여 모바일 헬스케어의현황을 파악하였고, 두 번째, 현재 모바일 헬스케어 어플리케이션의 각 분야에서 선호되는 시각구성요소를 분석하여 고령자의 특성에 맞게 모바일 GUI디자인의 사용성 평가 지표를 도출하였다. 세 번째, 도출된 평가 지표를 사용하여 휴리스틱(heuristic)방식을 통하여 57세부터 65세까지의 뉴실버세대 8명을 대상으로 사용성 평가를 진행하였다. 이 연구는 뉴실버세대 사용자의 특성에 맞춰 GUI가이드를 제안함으로써 사용성 향상에 기여하기를 기대하며 동시에 헬스케어 모바일 어플리케이션 개발에 대한 연구가 지속되어야 할 것으로 생각된다.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.504-517
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• 2002

The purposes of this study were to analyze the lifestyle of women in their 50's and 60's and to provide the basis fur the efficient strategy of silver market by classifying women in their 50's and 60's according to lifestyle types and investigating the effect of consumers' lifestyle and demographic characteristics on consumers' clothing evaluation criteria and buying place. In this study, a selfㆍadministered questionnaire was distributed to women in their 50's and 60's. 226 questionnaires of 350 were used in the following analysis. The data were analyzed with the SPSS package. The results of this study were as follows. First, lifestyle were analyzed to find out the underlying factors, and then the subjects were grouped according to factor scores by the cluster analysis. Four lifestyle types were defined. They were the traditional family-oriented, the ostentatious purchase, the economical material-oriented, the active economics-oriented type. Second, a consumer's clothing evaluation criteria were classified according to three characteristics - aesthetic, practical and ostentatious. A consumer's clothing evaluation criteria were significantly different depending on the consumer's lifestyle and demographic characteristics. All lifestyle types except ostentatious purchase type considered practical characteristic like easiness of washing/care, harmony with other clothing, quality and price. The higher education, income and clothing expense, the more a customer considered ostentatious characteristic like fashionability and reputation of brand in selection of clothing.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.475-482
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• 2005

As Korea has approached the aging society, older Koreans have become an important force in restaurant sales today. To succeed with this silver market, it is important for restaurant managers to know who they are and which factor influence the older Koreans' eating-out decision making process. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the elderly consumers financial independency on restaurant selection process. Data were collected from 178 older consumers above 55 years old and analyzed using the descriptive statistic analysis, MANOVA, and one-way ANOVA. The results showed that the elderly consumers financial independency significantly influenced the decision making process in determining where they eat out Significant differences were found between high income group and low income group in the Problem Recognition Step(Wilks' Lambda=0.776, F=3.796), Information Search Step(Wilks' Lambda=0.779, F=2.959), Alternative Evaluation Step (I :Wilks' Lambda=0.835, F=1.748/ II :Wilks' Lambda=0.764, F=3.212), and Purchase Decision Step(Wilks' Lambda=0.849, F=2.412), except the Post-Purchase Behavior(Wilks' Lambda=0.933, F=1.179). The more financially independent older consumers were, the more directly they were involved in the eating out decision making process. Older consumers with higher income and more personal property were likely to 'propose to eat out by themselves'(F=10.986), to obtain restaurant information from the 'printed materials'(F=9.707), to consider 'convenient location' as most important factor when they eat out(F=5.594), and to go to 'family restaurant'(F=7.067), 'Japanese restaurant'(F=7.391) and 'fine dining restaurants'(F-=6.382). In conclusion, we found that the elderly consumers financial independency did influence the eating-out decision making process. Considering that older Korean will become a financially independent consumer and will be eating away from home more often, food service operations should actively position themselves for this market and develop the market-driven menus and services to meet their needs and expectations.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제15권10호
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• pp.221-232
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• 2017

최근 차세대 친환경 자동차에 대한 주요 메이커의 개발 및 시장 참여가 가속화되고 있으며, 소비자의 관심도 높아지고 있는 가운데, 소비자의 특성과 소비 유형 차세대 친환경 자동차의 특성 요인, 그리고 차세대 친환경 자동차에 대한 정부의 정책 조치가 소비자의 구매 행동에 어떤 영향을 미치는지에 대해 국내 서울에 거주하는 소비자를 대상으로 웹 설문조사를 하였다. 본 연구의 결과 소비자의 특성(성별, 연령별, 월평균 소득별)과 소비자의 유형(가격가치 추구형, 개인가치 추구형, 사회환경 가치추구형)과 친환경 자동차 소유여부를 살펴보면 성별, 연령별, 월평균 소득별, 소비자 유형별로 유의한 차이가 없으며 구매의도는 성별, 연령별, 월평균 소득별로 유의한 차이가 없으나 소비자의 유형에 따라 구매의도에 유의한 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다 또한, 친환경 자동차의 특성요인이 소비자 구매행동에 정(+)의 영향을 미치며 브랜드, 색상, 디자인 등 이미지는 친환경자동차에 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다 그리고 친환경자동차에 대한 소비자유형별 정부의 정책지원은 친환경자동차 구매행동에 정의 영향을 미치며 소비자 유형중 사회환경가치 추구형이 구매의도와 유의한 관계에 있으며 사회환경가치 추구형에 있어 정부의 지원정책인 이산화탄소세(톤당 5,000원, 톤당 10,000원), 국가나 지방자치단체의 차량가격직접지원, 가솔린세, 경유세, 탄소세 등 연료관련 세제 경감 등은 정의 효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.61-69
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• 2006

The purposes of this study were,1) to examine the clothing purchase behaviors of the elderly, and 2) to investigate the relationships of clothing purchase behaviors, information source, service quality and clothing buying motive, which may provide insights related to the silver market. Data were obtained for women in their 50's and 60's women living in Busan (N=285), and analyzed using to factor analysis, Cronbach's alpha, ANOVA and Duncan test. The research findings of the research wereare asan follows. The elderlys women bought clothes with their her friends, used credit cards, and usually shopped at the department stores. There were partly significant (Ed- it cannot be 'partly' either it was significant or it was not) differences in clothing purchase behaviors, information source, and service quality by clothing buying motive types. The ostentation group considered more massmideamass mediainformation sources and experience/salespersons/observation information sources, more was higher than the economic group and utility groups. The ostentation group and economical groups attached more importance to Facilities Service and Policy Service in service quality, was higher than the utility group. The Iimplications and drawn from the study results for the information will be useful to consumer behavior researchers and retailers of the silver market.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.81-91
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• 2021

This paper investigates the long run hedging ability of precious metals against the risks associated with adverse conditions of economic and financial variables for Pakistan, the USA, China, and India. Monthly data of gold, silver, platinum, stock returns, exchange rate, industrial production, and inflation was collected for the selected economies. Saikkonen and Lutkepohl (2002) unit root test was employed to access the unit root properties of the data series and identify the break dates. Furthermore, this study used the Johansen cointegration test with and without structural breaks to identify the long-run relationship between metals prices and different financial and economic variables. The findings suggest that the time series under study have unit root problem at level with and without structural breaks. Without considering structural breaks, the Johansen trace test indicates that in Pakistan and China, gold, silver, and platinum hold a cointegrating relationship with macroeconomic and financial variables. For the US, gold indicates cointegration which supports the hedging ability of gold against inflation, stock, and industrial production in the long run. The results of the cointegration test after incorporating the structural breaks provide even stronger evidence of the long-run relationship of precious metals and consumer prices, exchange rate, and stock prices.