• 대한전기학회논문지:시스템및제어부문D
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• 제50권2호
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• pp.65-71
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• 2001

The step response of the Manabe standard form[2] has little overshoot and show almost same waveforms regardless of the order of the characteristic polynomials. In some situations it is difficult to control the rise time and settling time simultaneously of the step response of the Manabe standard form To control its rise time and settling time efficiently, We develop the Manabe standard form: We try to find out the SRFS(Slow Rise time & Fast Setting time) form which has the slower rise time and faster settling time than those fo the Manabe standard form. We also consider the other three forms: FRSS(Fast Rise time & Slow Settling time), SRFS(Slow Rise time & Fast Settling time) and SRSS(Slow Rise time & Slow Settling time) forms. In this paper, by using the evolutionary strategy, we obtain all the coefficient of the four forms we mention above. Finally, we design a controller for a given plant so that the overall system has the performance that the rise time is faster, the settling time is faster than those of the Manabe standard form.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 1999년도 제14차 학술회의논문집
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• pp.116-120
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• 1999

The step response of the Manabe standard form[1］has little overshoot and shows almost same waveforms regardless of the order of the characteristic polynomials. In some situations it is difficult to control the rise time and settling time simultaneously of the step response of the Manabe standard form. To control its rise time and settling time efficiently, we develop the generalization of the Manabe standard form: we try to find out the SRFS(Slow Rise time & Fast Settling time) form which has the slower rise time and faster settling time than those of the Manabe standard form. we also consider the other three forms: FRSS(Fast Rise time & Slow Settling time), SRFS(Slow Rise time ＆ Fast Settling time) and SRSS(Slow Rise time & Slow Settling time) forms. In this paper, by using the genetic algorithm, we obtain all the coefficient of the four forms we mention above. Finally, we design a controller for a given plant so that the overall system has the performance that the rise time is faster, the settling time is slower than those of the Manabe standard form.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.10-21
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• 2003

During seek operation in disk drives, the recording head is moved toward desired track by seek servo controller and then is settled onto the center of the desired track by settling servo controller. If the head speed at the start of settling servo control is not slow, it may produce overshoot relative to the center of track and thus extend the settling time. The degradation in settling performance will be more severe as the track width becomes smaller for higher density of data storage. We design a new settling servo controller for minimizing settling time based on the pole-zero cancellation. In order to cancel slow poles in settling response, we apply discrete pulse signals to the system in addition to the state feedback control. For exact pole-zero cancellation, we consider the dynamics of power amplifier used for actuator current regulation and the effects of delay in control action. In addition, we present system parameter identification algerian for the robustness of our controller to system parameter variation. In order to demonstrate the practical use of our controller, we present experimental results obtained by using a commercially available disk drive.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제42권5호
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• pp.790-798
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• 2020

Herein, a low-ripple coarse-fine digital low-dropout regulator (D-LDO) without ringing in the transient state is proposed. Conventional D-LDO suffers from a ringing problem when settling the output voltage at a large load transition, which increases the settling time. The proposed D-LDO removes the ringing and reduces the settling time using an auxiliary power stage which adjusts its output current to a load current in the transient state. It also achieves a low output ripple voltage using a comparator with a complete comparison signal. The proposed D-LDO was fabricated using a 65-nm CMOS process with an area of 0.0056 μ㎡. The undershoot and overshoot were 47 mV and 23 mV, respectively, when the load current was changed from 10 mA to 100 mA within an edge time of 20 ns. The settling time decreased from 2.1 ㎲ to 130 ns and the ripple voltage was 3 mV with a quiescent current of 75 ㎂.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.75-81
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• 2000

To provide the appropriate direction for development of transient control in a gasoline engine, transient performance analysis and evalution under four accelerating types based on typical driver's acceleration type were implemented by experimental study. In order to evaluate the characteristics of transient performance quanititatively, the concept and method by transient response specifications were introduced. Several performance parameters in terms of engine speed(RPM), manifold absolute pressure(MAP), fuel injection duration($\DeltatI_{nj}$) and air excess ratio($\lambda$) were emasured simultaneously during the four types of the throttle valve opening with the step motor controlled by PC. The result showed that transient response specifications in terms of delay time, rising time and settling time characterized the transient performance for four acceleration types quantitatively. Intensified acceleration type was most economical and linear acceleration type revealed the best emission performance.

• 대한환경공학회지
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• 제39권12호
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• pp.689-697
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• 2017

자성기반 가중응집제를 적용한 새로운 응집/침전법을 정수처리공정에 적용하기 위한 기초연구로써 반응표면분석법(RSM)을 이용하여 반응에 큰 영향을 주는 것으로 알려진 pH, 일반 응집제 사용량, 가중 응집제 사용량에 관한 최적의 반응조건을 도출하고자 하였다. 이때, 일반 응집제는 Poly aluminium chloride (PAC)를 사용하였고 가중응집제는 Magnetite 기반의 자성체를 사용하였으며, Kaolin으로 제조한 합성원수를 Jar-tester를 이용하여 응집실험을 실시하였다. 사전에 Box-Behnken design에 의하여 계획된 17가지 실험조건으로 상기 3개의 독립변수들이 반응변수(탁도 제거율 및 플럭의 평균 침강속도)에 미치는 영향과 최적 반응을 유도하기 위한 독립변수의 최적치를 얻고자 하였다. 실험 후에는 2가지 반응변수의 이차 회귀모델을 도출하였으며, 이를 이용하여 독립변수와 반응변수 간의 상관관계를 도출하고자 반응표면분석을 실시하였다. 반응표면 분석결과 탁도 제거율 및 플럭의 평균 침강속도에 대한 $R^2$값은 0.9909, 0.8295이었고 두 가지 반응변수를 모두 고려한 최적의 반응조건은 pH 7.4, PAC 사용량 38 mg/L, 가중응집제 사용량 1,000 mg/L이었으며 이때 탁도 제거율 97%, 평균 침강속도가 35 m/h 이상의 효율에 도달하였다.

• International Journal of Automotive Technology
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.109-117
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• 2003

The analysis and evaluation of the transient performance by the transient response specifications under various acceleration speeds and types based on driver's typical acceleration habit are implemented by the experimental study to provide the appropriate direction for the transient control in a gasoline engine. The concept of the transient response specifications which consist of delay time, rising time, maximum overshoot and settling time, and the analysis method using them are introduced to evaluate the characteristics of the transient performance quantitatively. Furthermore four acceleration speeds and four acceleration types are set respectively to realize the various transient states which are similar to the real drive. Several performance parameters in terms of engine speed, manifold absolute pressure, fuel injection duration and air excess ratio are measured simultaneously during the various acceleration using a throttle actuator controlled by a PC. The transient response specifications characterized well the transient performance for the various acceleration speed and types quantitatively. Delay and rising time with increment of the acceleration speed became shorter, but settling time did longer. Intensified acceleration type appeared to be the most economical in view of fuel consumption, and linear acceleration type was found to have the least harmful emission concentration.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.729-734
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• 2008

Wireless communication systems, such as WLAN or Bluetooth receivers, employ preamble data to estimate the channel characteristics, introducing stringent settling-time constraints. This makes the use of traditional closed-loop feedback automatic gain control (AGC) circuits impractical for these applications. In this paper, a compact feedforward AGC circuit is proposed to obtain a fast-settling response. The AGC has been implemented in a 0.35 ${\mu}m$ standard CMOS technology. Supplied at 1.8 V, it operates with a power consumption of 1.6 mW at frequencies as high as 100 MHz, while its gain ranges from 0 dB to 21 dB in 3 dB steps through a digital word. The settling time of the circuit is below 0.25 ${\mu}s$.

• 전력전자학회:학술대회논문집
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• 전력전자학회 2005년도 전력전자학술대회 논문집
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• pp.538-541
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• 2005

Most realistic control systems contain nonlinearities of some form. One nonlinearity commonly found in control systems is a saturating element. If integral control is applied to such a system to eliminate steady state error, an undesired side effect known as integrator windup may occur when lage setpoint changes are made. This effect leads to a characteristic step response with a large overshoot and a very high settling time. To avoid this situation, many different anti-windup strategies have been suggested. But existing strategies remain over shoot and high settling time. This paper proposes a new anti-windup strategy for PI speed controllers. When the speed control system is changed P controller to PI controller. Integrator has an appropriate initial value. This value results over shoot and high settling time. The SIMULINK/MATLAB-based comparative simulation results and experiment results of speed controller have shown its superior control performance to that of a proposed anti-windup speed controller.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2008년도 추계학술대회B
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• pp.2396-2400
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• 2008

The motion of small heavy particles in homogeneous isotropic turbulence in the present of gravity is investigated using Direct Numerical Simulations (DNS) at moderate Reynolds number. The Lagrangian velocity and acceleration statistics of particles and of flow for a wide range of Stokes number, defined as the ratio of the particle response time to Kolmogorov time scale of turbulence, were obtained for the direction of the gravity and normal direction, respectively. It is found that particles lose their correction faster than the case without gravity. Then, a significant increase in the average settling velocity was observed for a certain range of Stokes number. Our focus is placed on gravitational effect on very small particles. Our simulations show that as the Stokes number reduces to zero, their mean settling velocity approaches the terminal velocity in still fluid.