• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.30 no.11
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• pp.1760-1768
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• 2020

Vibrio cholerae, cause of the life-threatening diarrheal disease cholera, can be divided into different serogroups based on the structure of its lipopolysaccharide (LPS), which consists of lipid-A, core-polysaccharide and O-antigen polysaccharide (O-PS). The O1 serogroup, the predominant cause of cholera, includes two major serotypes, Inaba and Ogawa. These serotypes are differentiated by the presence of a single 2-O-methyl group in the upstream terminal perosamine of the Ogawa O-PS, which is absent in the Inaba O-PS. To ensure the consistent quality and efficacy of the current cholera vaccines, accurate measurement and characterization of each of these two serotypes is highly important. In this study, we efficiently screened a phage-displayed human synthetic Fab library by bio-panning against Ogawa LPS and finally selected three unique mAbs (D9, E11, and F7) that specifically react with Ogawa LPS. The mAbs bound to Vibrio cholerae vaccine in a dose-dependent fashion. Sequence and structure analyses of antibody paratopes suggest that IgG D9 might have the same fine specificity as that of the murine mAbs, which were shown to bind to the upstream terminal perosamine of Ogawa O-PS, whereas IgGs F7 and E11 showed some different characteristics in the paratopes. To our knowledge, this study is the first to demonstrate the generation of Ogawa-specific mAbs using phage display technology. The mAbs will be useful for identification and quantification of Ogawa LPS in multivalent V. cholerae vaccines.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.1-12
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• 2016

DNA sequences of nrITS regions obtained from 49 accessions representing 12 species and one variety within the section Adonanthe of the genus Adonis were analyzed to test the previous intra-sectional classification system and to determine their phylogenetic relationships. The results showed that the seven accessions of A. amurensis Regel et Radde included in the present study did not form a monophyletic group, as some of the accessions showed a close relationship with the Japanese endemic species A. ramosa Franch., which implies that the current species delimitation and identification of A. amurensis is problematic. Adonis pseudoamurensis W. T. Wang, which is frequently misidentified as A. ramosa in Korea, formed a segregated group, which suggests that they should not be considered as conspecific taxa. Accessions from A. shikokuensis Nishikawa et Koji Ito, A. multiflora Nishikawa et Koji Ito, and A. pseudoamurensis formed a clade, but monophyly of each species was not evident. The nrITS data did not support the classification system proposed by Wang, who classified sect. Adonanthe into four series, as most of these were found to be either polyphyletic or paraphyletic.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.53 no.1
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• pp.27-34
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• 2014

Entomopathogenic fungi were isolated from Bemisia tabaci in an Oriental melon field, and their growth characteristics, factors related to a natural outbreak, and infectivity against Bemisia tabaci, Tetranychus urticae, and Frankliniella intonsa were investigated. The isolates had erect conidiophores bearing whorls of 4-6 phialides with a swollen base where cylindrical conidia of $3.0-3.4{\mu}m$ were attached. The isolates were identified as Isaria fumosorosea on the basis of morphological characteristics and an ITS sequence with 99% similarity. I. fumosorosea IFs-08 grew well on Sabouraud dextrose agar+yeast extract medium(3.2 mm/day/$24^{\circ}C$); it grew better at $35^{\circ}C$ than at $15^{\circ}C$. The isolates of I. fumosorosea-IFs were highly infective and killed 93.9-96.7% B. tabaci, 84.9-92.0% T. urticae, and 81.5-84.4% F. intonsa in bioassay, whereas three isolates (Isaria tenuipes, Isaria farinosa, and Isaria fumosorosea) from KACC showed a low infectivity of 10-20%. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of I. fumosorosea isolated from B. tabaci in Korea.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.55 no.4
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• pp.471-475
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• 2016

The dark-winged fungus gnats are one of the most serious fly pests attacking the mushroom cultivation in Korea. They cause severe damage to the artificial sawdust beds used to cultivate mushroom, and reduce the production of button mushroom, Agaricus bisporus, in greenhouses. In this study, we collected nine species of the mushroom flies in order to identify the dominant species of the dark-winged fungus gnat attacking the A. bisporus plantation using the yellow sticky trap in Buyeo-gun, Boryeong-gun, Yongin-si and Chilgok-gun from April to June 2015. The collected samples were used to determine the DNA sequence of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) of the nine different species by DNA barcoding. The sequencing results showed that Lycoriella ingenua was the dominant dark-winged fungus gnat species destroying A. bisporus cultivated on the artificial sawdust beds in Korea.

• Genomics & Informatics
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.240-246
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• 2014

Mutation in HNF1B, the hepatocyte nuclear factor-$1{\beta}$ (HNF-$1{\beta}$) gene, results in maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) 5, which is characterized by gradual impairment of insulin secretion. However, the functional role of HNF-$1{\beta}$ in insulin secretion and glucose metabolism is not fully understood. We identified a family with early-onset diabetes that fulfilled the criteria of MODY. Sanger sequencing revealed that a heterozygous P159L (CCT to CTT in codon 159 in the DNA-binding domain) mutation in HNF1B was segregated according to the affected status. To investigate the functional consequences of this HNF1B mutation, we generated a P159L HNF1B construct. The wild-type and mutant HNF1B constructs were transfected into COS-7 cells in the presence of the promoter sequence of human glucose transporter type 2 (GLUT2). The luciferase reporter assay revealed that P159L HNF1B had decreased transcriptional activity compared to wild-type (p < 0.05). Electrophoretic mobility shift assay showed reduced DNA binding activity of P159L HNF1B. In the MIN6 pancreatic ${\beta}$-cell line, overexpression of the P159L mutant was significantly associated with decreased mRNA levels of GLUT2 compared to wild-type (p < 0.05). However, INS expression was not different between the wild-type and mutant HNF1B constructs. These findings suggests that the impaired insulin secretion in this family with the P159L HNF1B mutation may be related to altered GLUT2 expression in ${\beta}$-cells rather than decreased insulin gene expression. In conclusion, we have identified a Korean family with an HNF1B mutation and characterized its effect on the pathogenesis of diabetes.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.247-255
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• 2016

In order to select a strain that forms a Biocellulose (BC), strain producing acetic acid was selected from commercially available kombucha. Through SM broth it was confirmed that the strain is a gram negative bacteria in the form of rods having no motility through a phase contrast microscope. The result of phylogenetic inference analysis based on 16S rDNA sequence analysis for the identification of strains was most closely related to Gluconobacter uchimurae (G. uchimurae) and was named G. uchimurae GYS15 strain. The strain showed the highest degree of growth when cultured for 14 days under the conditions of pH 5 and $25^{\circ}C$. Moreover, it showed the highest degree of growth in a Glucose addition disaccharide as the optimum carbon source sucrose and fructose. Also, 0.5% NaCl, upon the addition of Malto extract, showed the highest degree of growth. Based on investigation by the optimum growth conditions to confirm the physical properties of BC obtained by culturing G. uchimurae GYS15 strains. The surface structure was observed through an scanning electron microscope (SEM) showed a high networks structure. It until $8.6{\pm}0.38$ times when the water holding capacity is re-absorbed and re-absorbed holding oil up to $6.6{\pm}0.51$ times confirmed. In conclusion, using these material properties, it was possible to confirm the possibility of a variety of cosmetic materials and mask pack materials.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.57 no.1
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• pp.81-87
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• 2013

Staphylococcus aureus is the most important pathogen in nosocomial infections, including bloodstream infections. Prompt identification of S. aureus from blood cultures and detection of methicillin resistance are essential in cases of suspected sepsis. We have studied a new method for the sequence-specific visual detection of minute amounts of nucleic acids using intercalating reaction by addition of SYBR Green to amplicons of LAMP, and it's a unique gene amplification method in which DNA can be isothermally amplified using only one enzyme. Staphylococcus-LAMP, which targets the spa gene, encoding S.aureus-specific protein A, and the mecA gene, encoding penicillin-binding protein-2' for methicillin resistance, detected MRSA and MRSE. In this study, by using LAMP assay, I detected for Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis concentration in the clinical sample. The detection of Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis was tested by using serial 10-fold dilutions standard solution. I have accurate detected the limit of detection, sensitity, specificity and reproducibility of the assay. The Bio-chip based LAMP assay allowed easy, rapid, accurate and sensitive detection of infection with Staphylococcus and especially applicable in a resource-limited situation.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.58-68
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• 2018

Sunn hemp (Crotalaria juncea) is used as a nitrogen-fixing green manure in Korea to improve soil quality, reduce soil erosion, and suppress weeds and nematodes. In 2014, wilting sunn hemp plants were observed in green manure-cultivated fields in Wanju, Korea. Leaves of the infected plants began yellowing, starting with the lower leaves, eventually leading to their death. Moreover, a number of dark perithecia were observed on the wilting stems. Six isolates were obtained from these perithecia by single spore isolation. Based on their morphological characteristics, the isolates were identified as Fusarium udum (teleomorph: Gibberella indica). Macroconidia were slightly curved with almost hooked apical cell, and microconidia were formed on false heads by monophialides. Chlamydospores were produced abundantly in the hyphae, either singly or in clusters. To confirm the identification, multilocus sequence analysis was conducted using translation elongation factor 1 alpha (TEF), calmodulin (CAL), and histone 3 (HIS3). The sequences of TEF, CAL, and HIS3 showed 94.4~96.2%, 99.7%, and 99.6~99.8% similarity to the reference sequences of F. udum in NCBI GenBank, respectively. Pathogenicity was tested on sunn hemp and two soybean cultivars using the inoculation method of soil drenching with spore suspension. The wilting symptoms were observed only in sunn hemp and one cultivar of soybean (cv. Teagwang) after 14~21 days of inoculation. This is the first report of wilt disease in sunn hemp caused by Fusarium udum in Korea.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.76-91
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• 2020

Whole genome sequence of Abeliophyllum distichum Nakai (Oleaceae) cultivar Ok Hwang 1 Ho, which is Korean endemic species, was recently sequenced to understand its characteristics. Acteoside is one of major useful compounds presenting various activities, and its several proposed biochemical pathways were reviewed and integrated to make precise biochemical pathway. Utilizing MetaPre-AI^TM which was developed for predicting secondary metabolites based on whole genome with the precise biochemical pathway of acteoside and the InfoBoss Pathway Database, we successfully rescued all enzymes involved in this pathway from the genome sequences, presenting that A. distichum cultivar Ok Hwang 1 Ho may produce acteoside. High-performance liquid chromatography result displayed that callus of A. distichum cultivar Ok Hwang 1 Ho contained acteoside as well as isoacteoside which may be derived from acteoside. Taken together, we successfully showed that MetaPre-AI^TM can predict secondary metabolite from plant whole genomes. In addition, this method will be efficient to predict secondary metabolites of many plant species because DNA can be analyzed more stability than chemical compounds.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.291-297
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• 2003

A human endogenous retroviral family (HERV-W) has recently been described that is related to multiple sclerosis-associated retrovirus (MSRV) sequences that have been identified in particles recovered from monocyte cultures from patients with multiple sclerosis. Two pol fragments (HWP-FB10 and HWP-FBl2) of HERV-W family were identified and analysed by the PCR approach with cDNA library of human fetal brain. They showed 89 percent nucleotide sequence similarity with that of the HERV-W (accession no. AF009668). Deletion/insertion or point mutation in the coding region of the pol fragments from human fetal brain resulted in amino acid frameshift that induced a mutated protein. Phylogenetic analysis of the HERV-W family from GenBank database indicates that the HWP-FB10 is very closely related to the AC000064 derived from human chromosome 7q21-q22. Further studies on the genetic relationship with neighbouring genes and functional role of these new HERV-W pol sequences are indicated.