• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.19-25
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• 2007

The MFC(Mass Flow Controller) is an equipment that measures and controls mass flow rates of fluid. Most of the HFC system is still using the PID algorithm. The PID algorithm shows superior performance on the MFC system. But the PID algorithm in the MFC system has a few problems as followed. The characteristic of the MFC system is changed according to the operating environment. And, when the piezo valve that uses the control valve is assembled in the MFC system, a coupling error is generated. Therefore, it is very difficult to find out the exact parameters of MFC system. In this paper, we propose adaptive PID algorithm in order to compensate these problems of a traditional PID algorithm. The adaptive PID algorithm estimates the parameters of MFC system using LMS(Least Mean Square) algorithm and calculates the coefficients of PID controller. Besides, adaptive PID algorithm shows better transient response because adaptive PID algorithm includes a feedforward. And we implement MFC system using proposed adaptive PID algorithm with self-tuning and Ziegler and Nickels's method. Finally, comparative analysis of the proposed adaptive PID and the traditional PID is shown.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제28권8호
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• pp.1299-1312
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• 2004

This paper suggests the simple form of a fuzzy PID controller and describes the design principle, tracking performance, stability analysis and changes of parameters of a suggested fuzzy PID controller. A fuzzy PID controller is derived from the design procedure of fuzzy control. It is well known that a fuzzy PID controller has a simple structure of the conventional PID controller but posses its self-tuning control capability and the gains of a fuzzy PID controller become nonlinear functions of the inputs. Nonlinear calculation during fuzzification, defuzzification and the fuzzy inference require more time in computation. To increase the applicability of a fuzzy PID controller to digital computer, a simple form of a fuzzy PID controller is introduced by the backward difference mapping and the analysis of the fuzzy input space. To guarantee the BIBO stability of a suggested fuzzy PID controller, ‘small gain theorem’ which proves the BIBO stability of a fuzzy PI and a fuzzy PD controller is used. After a detailed stability analysis using ‘small gain theorem’, from which a simple and practical method to decide the parameters of a fuzzy PID controller is derived. Through the computer simulations for the linear and nonlinear plants, the performance of a suggested fuzzy PID controller will be assured and the variation of the gains of a fuzzy PID controller will be investigated.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.1188-1193
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• 2009

최근 젊은 층을 중심으로 블루투스 헤드셋 등 착용형 청음기기에 의한 소음성 난청을 겪고 있다. 본 논문에서는 청력 손상을 주로 일으키는 감도가 높은 주파수대에서 개인별 청각 특성과 최대가청한계를 고려하여 소리 크기를 조절함으로써 블루투스 헤드셀에서의 청각 손상을 감소하는 동시에 보다 자연스런 음량 조절이 가능한 방법을 보인다. CSR Bluetooth headset example design board(DEV-PC-1645)에 구현한 실험에서 청력 특성이 좋은 대역에서 기존 방법에 비해 보다 낮은 소리 크기에서 불편없이 인지 가능하였다. 또한 그 결과로써 과도한 대역별 소리 에너지를 줄여 청각 손상도 방지할 수 있었다.

• KIEE International Transactions on Power Engineering
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• 제2A권3호
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• pp.89-94
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• 2002

In this paper, a protection system using a Multi-Agent concept for power distribution networks is proposed. Every digital over current relay(OCR) is developed as an agent by adding its own intelligence, self-tuning and communication ability. The main advantage of the Multi-Agent concept is that a group of agents work together to achieve a global goal which is beyond the ability of each individual agent. In order to cope with frequent changes in the network operation condition and faults, an OCR agent, suggested in this paper, is able to detect a fault or a change in the network and find its optimal parameters for protection in an autonomous manner considering information of the whole network obtained by communication between other agents. Through this kind of coordination and information exchanges, not only a local but also a global protective scheme is completed. Simulations in a simple distribution network show the effectiveness of the suggested protection system.

• 한국음향학회지
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• 제33권6호
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• pp.383-391
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• 2014

수중의 음향 신호를 탐지하기 위하여 다양한 배열 형태를 가지는 소나가 개발되어 왔으며, 그 중 하나로 견인선배열 소나가 널리 사용된다. 견인 선배열 소나는 매우 긴 형태의 배열을 사용하므로, 회전에 의한 형상 왜곡에 의해 성능이 저하되는 단점이 있다. 이를 해결하기 위하여 회전하는 견인 선배열 소나에 대한 포물선 형태의 형상 모델을 이용하는 기법이 고안되었다. 본 논문에서는 포물선 모델을 이용하여 간섭 신호를 제거하는 적응 빔 형성기 설계 기법을 제안한다. 고안된 빔형성기 시스템은 일반화된 부엽 제거기 구조와 자가 조율 시스템에 기반을 두어 개발되었다.

• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.83-87
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• 2004

Phase noise performance and current consumption of Radio Frequency (RF) Voltage-Controlled Oscillator (VCO) are largely dependent on the Quality (Q) factor of inductor-capacitor (LC) tank. Because the Q-factor of LC tank is determined by on-chip spiral inductor, we designed, analyzed, and modeled on-chip differential inductor to enhance differential Q-factor, reduce current consumption and save silicon area. The simulated inductance is 3.3 nH and Q-factor is 15 at 2 GHz. Self-resonance frequency is as high as 13 GHz. To verify its use to RF applications, we designed 2 GHz differential LC VCO. The measurement result of phase noise is -112 dBc/Hz at an offset frequency of 100 kHz from a 2GHz carrier frequency. Tuning range is about 500 MHz (25%), and current consumption varies from 5mA to 8.4 mA using bias control technique. Implemented in $0.35-{\mu}m$ SiGe BiCMOS technology, the VCO occupies $400\;um{\times}800\;um$ of silicon area.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제51권5호
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• pp.640-643
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• 2013

폴리스티렌 콜로이드 에멀젼 용액에서 물이 증발하게 되면 순간적으로 폴리스티렌 콜로이드 입자들이 물 표면으로 튀어나오게 되며 이러한 입자들 간의 모세관력에 의해 자기조립이 일어나게 되는데, 폴리스티렌 입자의 경우 유효밀도가 물 보다 작아 물 표면 위에 3차원 광결정을 형성하게 된다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 현상을 젖음성이 있는 제한된 공간을 가지는 구조를 가지는 유리기판 위에서 일어나도록 함으로써, 3차원의 폴리스티렌 콜로이드 결정이 고속으로 생성되고 기판위로 옮겨질 수 있도록 고안하였다. 고속으로 제작된 폴리스티렌 콜로이드 광결정은 폴리스티렌 입자의 크기 및 광결정 필름의 입사각을 조절하여 가시광 전체 영역의 빛을 선택적으로 반사하는 광필터로 적용해 보았다.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and information Science
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• 제2권6호
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• pp.202-207
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• 1997

Design and fabrication issues for an L-band GaAs Monolithic Microwave Integrated Circuit(MMIC) Voltage Controlled Oscillator(VCO) as a component of Personal Communications Systems(PCS) Radio Frequency(RF) transceiver are discussed. An ion-implanted GaAs MESFET tailored toward low current and low noise with 0.5mm gate length and 300mm gate width has been used as an active device, while an FET with the drain shorted to the source has been used as the voltage variable capacitor. The principal design was based on a self-biased FET with capacitive feedback. A tuning range of 140MHz and 58MHz has been obtained by 3V change for a 600mm and a 300mm devices, respectively. The oscillator output power was 6.5dBm wth 14mA DC current supply at 3.6V. The phase noise without any buffer or PLL was 93dB/1Hz at 100KHz offset. Harmonic balance analysis was used for the non-linear simulation after a linear simulation. All layout induced parasitics were incorporated into the simulation with EEFET2 non-linear FET model. The fabricated circuits were measured using a coplanar-type probe for bare chips and test jigs with ceramic packages.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.35-41
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• 2000

This paper describes the design of fuzzy digital PID controller using a simplified indirect inference method. First, the fuzzy digital PID controller is derived from the conventional continuous-time linear digital PID controller,. Then the fuzzification, control-rule base, and defuzzification using SIM in the design of the fuzzy controller are discussed in detail. The resulting controller is a discrete-time fuzzy version of the conventional PID controller, which has the same linear structure, but are nonlinear functions of the input signals. The proposed controller enhances the self-tuning control capability, particularly when the process to be controlled is nonlinear. When the SIIM is applied the fuzzy inference results can be calculated with splitting fuzzy variables into each action component and are determined as the functional form of corresponding variables. So the proposed method has the capability of the high speed inference and adapting with increasing the number of the fuzzy input variables easily. Computer simulation results have demonstrated that the proposed method provides better control performance than the one proposed by D. Misir et al.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.198-205
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• 2005

The mechanical system of a drive can often be modeled as a two- or three-mass-system. The load is coupled to the driving motor by a shaft able to perform torsion oscillations. For the automatic tuning of the control, it is necessary to know the mathematical description of the system and the corresponding parameters. As the manpower and setup-time necessary during the commissioning of electrical drives are major cost factors, the development of self-operating identification strategies is a task worth pursuing. This paper presents an identification method which can be utilized for the assisted commissioning of electrical drives. The shaft assembly can be approximated as a two-mass non-rigid mechanical system with four parameters that have to be identified. The mathematical background for an identification procedure is developed and some important implementation issues are addressed. In order to avoid the excitation of the system with its natural resonance frequency, the frequency response can be obtained by exciting the system with a Pseudo Random Binary Signal (PRBS) and using the cross correlation function (CCF) and the auto correlation function (ACF). The reference torque is used as stimulation and the response is the mechanical speed. To determine the parameters, especially in advanced control schemes, a numerical algorithm with excellent convergence characteristics has also been used that can be implemented together with the proposed measurement procedure in order to assist the drive commissioning or to achieve an automatic setting of the control parameters. Simulations and experiments validate the efficiency and reliability of the identification procedure.