• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.79-84
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• 2022

Self-powered sensors play an important role in everyday life, and they cover a wide range of topics. These sensors are meant to measure the amount of relevant motion and transform the biomechanical activities into electrical signals using triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) since they are sensitive to external stimuli such as pressure, temperature, wetness, and motion. The present advancement of TENGs-based self-powered wearable, implantable, and patchable sensors for healthcare monitoring, human body motion, and medication delivery systems was carefully emphasized in this study. The use of TENG technology to generate electrical energy in real-time using self-powered sensors has been the topic of considerable research among various leading scholars. TENGs have been used in a variety of applications, including biomedical and healthcare physical sensors, wearable devices, biomedical, human-machine interface, chemical and environmental monitoring, smart traffic, smart cities, robotics, and fiber and fabric sensors, among others, as efficient mechanical-to-electric energy conversion technologies. In this evaluation, the progress accomplished by TENG in several areas is extensively reviewed. There will be a discussion on the future of self-powered sensors.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.12-22
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• 1976

Amongst varieties of clinical nursing role, the administration of medication is often highlighted as of prime importance. In order to attain data for the improvement of teaching strategies of medication, diagnostic evaluation of the knowledge level is a necessity. This study was performed from August through December 1975. 449 registered nurses, randomly sampled from general hospitals:16 of Seoul and 7 of Taegu and Pusan, were tested through 54 test questionaries based on 4 practical dimensions of administration of medication. Results are as follows ; 1. Status of respondents: Length of clinical experiences; the average length revealed to be 2 years and 7 months, 72% revealed to have had less than 3 years of experience; 38.6%-less than 1 year, 19 .2%-over 1 year and less than 2 years, and 14, 2%-over 2 years and less than 3 years. Type of Nursing education received ; 9.4% revealed to have graduated technical high school of nursing, 67.5o/o the 3 year diploma school and 21, 7% the baccalaureate degree program. The knowledge Level; Degree of self-satisfaction on knowledge level revealed that;27, 4% responded to "more or less satisfied", 48.8% "more or less un-satisfied" and 19.8% to "not satisfied". The average level of basic knowledge revealed to be moderate by 66.95 points. The level of knowledge of 4 questionnaire categories revealed that; drug action category by average of 66.5 points, methodology category by 65.4 Points, safety measure category by 71.4 points and terminology and concepts category by 64.6 points, Questionnaire items which revealed high points are of;6 of drug action category, 4 of methodology, 4 of safety measure, and 3 of terminology. The items of low points are: 8 of drug action, 3 of methodology, 3 of safety measure and 5 of terminolology categories. 3. The type of nursing education revealed to have no significant influence on the level of knowledge on the administration of medication. 4. The length of clinical experience revealed to have no significant influence on the level of knowledge. 5. 75. l% responded that the actual practice of medication modes are "similar" to that included in the fundamentals of nursing course. 6. In-service education on medication; 54.0% revealed to have some incidental in-service education on medication while 34.0% receive programmed in- service education. 61.8% revealed to have expressed the need of systemic In-service education as one of the means for improvement of medication. 32.7% revealed to obtain information concerning medicine by reading commercial publications on drug package, while only 20.9% by reading specific information channel.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.22 no.11
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• pp.81-88
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of mindfulness meditation programs based on stress management on the perceived stress, self-control, self-esteem and satisfaction with life scale in nursing college students. A quasi-experimental study with a non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest design was used. Participants consisted of an experimental group(n=18) and a control group(n=22). The experimental group received the mindfulness meditation program for 60 minutes a week for 13 sessions. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, ${\chi}^2-test$, Fisher's exact test, t-test, Mann-Whitney U test. The results showed there were significant decrease for perceived stress(t=-9.43, p=.025) and improved self-esteem(t=1.98, p=.038) in the experimental compared to group control group. These findings indicate that mindfulness meditation programs is effective to psychological well-being in nursing college students. Therefore this program needs to be considered as a nursing curriculum for students.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.245-253
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• 2016

Objective: This study was conducted to evaluate payer-driven medication adherence intervention program from the patient's and counselor's perspectives. Methods: Target patients for intervention were selected by retrospective adherence measures based on national health insurance claims data for hypertension, diabetes and hyperlipidemia. As a serial intervention for higher risk groups of medication non-adherence, initial direct mailing, the first direct telephone call and the second direct call or a home visit were followed. Interview approach to qualitative inquiry was used to evaluate intervention results. Results: Participants including 4 patients received telephone calls, and 4 National Health Insurance Service staff and 4 pharmacists participated as counselors were interviewed regarding their impression of the intervention program. Three major themes arose: overall perception; necessities; and suggestions for success, of the intervention. Despite short period of intervention, educational intervention by telephone counseling involving pharmacists shows potential to improve self-management of chronic disease, and pharmacist-involvement. But more sophisticated selection of target patients requiring the intervention and complementation of electronic database system would be necessary. In addition, personal disposition of counselor was revealed to be an important factor for achieving successful outcome of intervention. Conclusion: The findings suggest that the individualized counseling intervention would be an efficient option for improved medication adherence. Further researches should include longer periods of interventions, a quantitative analysis using adherence measures based on claims data and consideration of clinical benefits associated with the intervention.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.447-457
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the level of self management of patients with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes, and to investigate the factors influencing self management. Methods: The subjects consisted of 117 diabetes patients who visited the outpatient department of a university hospital from March to August 2008. Data were collected by asking the subjects to answer a 54-item questionnaire and were analyzed using the SPSS/WIN 14.0 program. Results: The total mean score of the patients in self -management was 4.38 out of 7. Medication adherence obtained the highest score under self-management, and the self-monitoring of blood glucose obtained the lowest score. Family support, self-efficacy, severity, and depression were found to be significantly correlated with self-management. In stepwise multiple regression analysis a total of 44.5% of the variance in self management was accounted for by family support, self-efficacy, severity, and depression. Conclusion: Therefore, a diabetic intervention program should be designed and provided for increasing family support, self efficacy, and severity and for reducing depression of patients with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.304-313
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• 1997

This study was designed to identify the degree of perceived self-efficacy and self-esteem in non - insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. The 278 Diabetic patients participating in this study were selected from a diabetic clinic. The period of data collection was September 2 to September 10, 1996. Collected data were analyzed by means of Frequency, Mean, SD, t - test, Pearson correlation, ANOVA using SPSS/PC+. The result are summarized as follows: 1. The mean score of perceived self-efficacy were 3.52 in total, 3.91 for medication, 3.40 for exercise, 3.60 for diet control, 3.18 for glucose test, 3.53 for general management. And the mean score of self-esteem were 3.51 2. Perceived self-efficacy and self-esteem had statistically significant positive correlations (r=.3125, p=.001). 3. The results of testing for the degree of perceived self -efficacy, according to the subject's demographic variables, showed that there were significant differences in sex (t=4.14, p<0.001), the level of education(t=6.24, p<0.01) and diabetic education(t=3.25, p<0.05). These results suggest that perceived self-efficacy and self-esteem is an important variable in the compliance of diabetic patients.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.345-352
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• 2009

Purpose: This study was done to investigate the degree of self-care, family support and depression, and relationship among these variables for elder with diabetes mellitus. Method: Participants were 202 diabetic patients, 65 years or over, living in Seoul, Korea. Data were collected using the self-care tool for diabetic patients by Kim (1996), the family support tool for diabetic patients by Park (1984), and Korea's BDI scale by Lee (1995). Results: Of the patients, 43.1% showed HbAlc levels than higher 7%. The highest mean score was for self-care for medication compliance, and the lowest for blood glucose testing compliance. Factors affecting self-care were employment, education, HbAlc level, diabetic self-care education and complications. Factors affecting family support were living with family, diabetic self-care education, hospitalization and complications. Factors affecting depression were gender, living with family and complications. All of these factors were significant. Patients experiencing depression were 16.8% of patients. There was a significant positive correlation between self-care and family support, and significant negative correlations between self-care and depression, and family support and depression. Conclusion: For more effective management of diabetes mellitus in elders, improvement in self-care compliance, and family support are needed.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.156-159
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• 2006

Self management of chronic asthma is of great importance, since the disease could lead the patient into an emergent situation. In the present study, we describe design and implementation of a personal digital assistant(PDA) based asthma management system for personal application including symptom and medication to prevent from the potential exacerbation of the disease. The software program was written by the Visual C++ tool in the mobile computing environment and Object Store was applied for data management. User friendly GUI environment was provided for the patient to input his/her daily condition and self treatment such as medication for successful management. The input screen design substituted for keyboard input to a mouse in order to easy to select an item and minimize the keyboard input. The implementation results of this system., Real-time data collection and process were possible and be able to have been carried effectively out a continuous symptom, a medication of asthma patients, risk management.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.431-445
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• 2000

In general the prevalence of old people is high and frequently have multiple diseases and symtoms requiring treatment. The nature of illness in the elderly has to be faced, and drugs do have an important part in the treatment of that illness. The purpose of this study were to describe health status and medication, and to provide some basic data for elderly's health education, especially for the right medication. Body mass index, self perceived health status, activities of daily living, disease and experience of past operation were surveyed to recognize the 249 elderly's actual health status. The degree of the elderly's understanding the way of medication, experience of side effects, experience of drug combination and incidence of drug adverse reaction along with drug combination were examined for medication. The aged $women(BMI; 10.7\pm13.3\%)$ overweighed the aged $men(BMI; 4.0\pm10.4\%)$. $69.0\%$ of them recognized their health good. Their activities of daily living were diminished following by the age group(p=0.0068) and relationship with self perceived health status were very significant(p=0.0005). They(192 elderly) suffered from multiple disease such as $osteoarthritis(49.5\%)$, $hypertension(32.0\%)$, gastric $disorder(16.1%)$, $diabetes(14.6\%)$, $osteomalacia(10.9\%)$, cardiovascular $disease(9.9\%)$, senile $cataract(5.7\%)$, skin $rash(5.2\%)$, liver $disease(4.2\%)$, kidney $disease(3.6\%)$, spinal cord $problem(3.6\%)$, respiratory $disease(2.1\%)$ $tuberculosis(1.0\%)\;etc(1.0\%).$ $28.3\%$ of them replied that they had an operation for appendictis senile cataract, peptic ulcer, spinal cord problem, pleurisy, hemorrhoid and the rest. Most of $them(87.4\%)$ knew the way very well how to use drugs, and $21.6\%$ of the replied 171 elderly experienced adverse drug reaction. Drug compliance rate were $high(83.6\%)$. In our study 56.9% of the 167 elderly took several medicine together. And $18.9\%$ of the 95 elderly who did drug combination had an experience of drug interaction. One person kept average 5.5 kinds of drugs at home among 243 elderly. They kept $digestives(79.4\%)$, $ointments(68.7\%)$, $vitamins(59.7\%)$, $analgesics(59.7\%)$, cold $medicines(45.3\%)$ antiarthritic $drugs(33.3\%)$, health $foods(27.7\%)$, antihypertensive $drugs(25.1\%)$, anti peptic ulcer $drugs(24.7\%)$, $laxatives(19.8\%)$, $antacids(16.5\%),\;antibiotics(l6.5\%)$, hypoglycemic $agents(10.3\%)$, cardiac $stimulants(7.0\%)$, $diuretics(4.5\%)$, antiarrhythmic $drugs(4.9\%)$, anti anginal $drugs(4.1\%)$, $hypnotics(3.3\%)$, $etc(38.3\%)$. With this result, we ascertain that polypharmacy in the elderly caused by multiple disease is common, which lead to drug interaction. So our task is to educate elderly how to use drugs in order to maximize their efficiency and to minimize their adverse effects.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.40-49
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to investigate the influencing factors on health behavior among patients with coronary artery disease. Method: The subjects were 95 patients who visited the out-patient department of a university hospital for follow-up. The four health belief concepts (motivation, benefit, barrier, seriousness), general self-efficacy, health behaviors on medication, diet, exercise, stress management, smoking, and drinking were measured. Result: There were significant differences in the health behavior scores of subjects according to family support and the experience of surgical procedure. Subjects were found to have a high degree of compliance in taking medication. However subjects reported the lowest degree of compliance in regular exercise. In the multiple regression analysis, surgical procedure and motivation were significant predictors to explain diet. Motivation and barrier were significant predictors to explain exercise. Self-efficacy, motivation and family support were significant predictors to explain stress management. Family support and seriousness explained 16% of variance in drinking. Also, family support explained 30% of variance in smoking. Conclusion: Since predicting factors on each health behavior indicator were different, then nurses should consider these differences to construct strategy enhancing patient's recovery.