• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.91-103
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• 2015

This research aimed to investigate the benefits of incorporating Problem-Based Learning(PBL) approach in Business English classes in a Korean university. This study focused on student experiences of learning in a PBL environment. The study examined the feasibility of cultivating students' key job competencies, that of their learning achievement and their satisfaction with the PBL approach. Data on student experiences were gathered from questionnaires. The analysis of the data showed, first, that the PBL could cultivate students' key job competencies. Second, the PBL could have a positive effect on students' acquisition of business content knowledge and their English language development. Third, the PBL approach achieved above moderate level of student satisfaction.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.153-159
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• 2016

Purpose: This study was conducted to ascertain the effectiveness of horticultural therapy by analyzing researches on horticultural therapy applied to elderly Koreans. Methods: We evaluated 401 research papers including dissertations on horticultural therapy applied to elderly Koreans from Jan. 2000 to Feb. 2016. We reviewed the appropriate 12 papers among them for the final analysis. Results: Horticultural therapy had physiological and psychosocial effects. First of all, it showed the physiological effects of reducing stress hormones. Outdoor horticultural therapy improved the gross motor movements of the body. Indoor horticulture therapy improved delicate cognitive & operating functions. Second, horticultural therapy showed the psychosocial effects of reducing depression and improving cognitive functions, language abilities, comprehension, daily activity, life satisfaction and sociality. But the effects appeared differently dependent on the implementation protocol & period of horticultural therapy, as well as the professionalism of the therapists. Therefore, if horticultural therapy were to be administered through nursing, it should be based on its key principle, in other words, the principle of action-interaction-response of horticultural therapy. Conclusion: The results of this study will be useful for developing therapeutic interventions through nursing. Also they will be helpful in applying horticultural therapy programs in nursing practice.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.58 no.4
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• pp.585-599
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• 2020

This study investigated children's interests in learning English, affected by educational activities in and out of institutes, and mothers' perceptions regarding early childhood English education. We recruited, 253 mothers of 3- to 5-year-old children in either general kindergartens or English immersion institutes. They answered questions on socioeconomic status, perceived interest in English by their children, their perceptions regarding early childhood English education, and English education outside institutes. In addition, 42 English teachers provided information within institutes such as class time per week, teacher-pupil rate, and language use policy during class. The collected data were analyzed through SPSS 22 for frequency analysis, descriptive statistics, independent t-test, and hierarchical multiple regression analysis. The major findings are as follows. First, the two groups were in distinct learning environment. Second, mothers' perceptions and outside-institute activities were significantly different between the two groups. Third, the English interests of children at both institutes were influenced by mothers' worries and at-home English interactions. Fourth, education within institutes did not affect both group's English interests. Fifth, private education and socioeconomic status did not affect both group's English interests. Lastly, only the children's interests in English immersion institutes were affected by gender and mother's perceived necessities. Focusing children's interests, this study helps in understanding young children's affective aspects regarding learning English. The findings are expected to be a guideline for each home and institute to increase children's interest in learning English.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2008.05a
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• pp.703-707
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• 2008

Chinese has the biggest user in the world, is not only used to contact but also has ample cultural value and beautiful modeling. So it's widely used in our life. The Chinese character which is used in the T-shirt has a strong ability of transmit the information on the language. And it has a strong personality on the model too. It's more and more popular over the years with young people. The main objective of this research is to collect the structure data of Chinese character and the illustration of apply Chinese character on T-shirt between China and American. The second is to compare and analyze the number, construction, script, size, place, color, expression of the character. The others is to investigate the illustration of apply character on fashion design. And take the various manifestation of character as the foundation to put forward some new design project of apply Chinese character on the T-shirt.

• Journal of Information Management
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.46-73
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• 1997

In these days, there are many studies to improve the effectiveness of retrieval systems. One method is to use thesaurus in the systems. But the establishment of the saurus independently is very difficult and requiers a great deal of time and labor. The goal of this research is to examine which problems there are. The texts used in the thesis were "Thesaurus of ERIC descriptors(7th ed.1977)" and "KEID Thesaurus(1981)" established by translation. The results of the thesis were as follows, First, there were many differences of equivalence classes of terms between English and Korean. Second, the errors of translation made words inadequate to use as a descriptors. Third, because of differences of traditions, thought and culture, associative relationship and hierarchical relation did not coincide between terns, Fourth, because the terms of the thesaurus of ERIC descriptors serve Western usages, the terms used in Korea were not or insufficient. So it way necessary to add our own therms. As mentioned above, translating a thesaurus for use as a documentation language for indexing and retrieval is not the optimum way of building up a thesaurus.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.9
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• pp.34-41
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to explore any effects of primary English language learners' affective factors and satisfaction through AI-based speaking activity. In order to answer these questions, a total number of 46 ELLs from a public elementary school participated in this research. Survey questionnaire on affective factors and learning satisfaction were distributed and the results were analyzed quantitatively. The findings are as follows. First, participants could expand their knowledge on AI-based activity towards its educational advantages and capability. Second, overall affective factors of the participants on AI-based activity changed positively, with the improvement of the mean score. The paired samples t-test showed that there was a significant difference among interest, value and attitude. Third, the satisfaction degree on AI-based learning escalated, particularly in the sense of efficacy, academic achievement and involvement. Lastly, it was revealed that the satisfaction degree was correlated with learners' self-confidence, interest and attitude.

• Korea Journal of Hospital Management
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.38-47
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• 2020

Purposes: The problem in the recent immigration policy and social policy changes for foreigners is that the preliminary analysis or research on the actual impact of the influx of foreigners has not been done enough in Korea yet.. This study is to examine the impact of the Korean health insurance finances on the influx of foreigners. Approach: This study analyzed the health insurance statistics for foreigners and overseas Koreans of the Health Insurance Corporation from 2013 to 2017. The data is the "Status of Health Insurance Premiums for Nationals, Foreigners, and Overseas Koreans from 2013 to 2017" submitted by the National Health Insurance Service to the Health and Welfare Committee during the 2018 National Audit Period. Findings: To summarize the analysis, first, the proportion of foreigners was only 1% of all subscribers (1.7% at work, 1.9% in regions) until 2017. Second, employees at work have a lower pay-to-pay ratio, and local subscribers have a higher pay-to-pay rate, regardless of nationality. Third, as immigrants are mostly concentrated in younger ages, they are healthy and use of hospitals is relatively low. Fourth, in terms of gender distribution, there are many women of childbearing age due to marriage immigration among foreign local subscribers, and more men use hospitals than workers who have a high proportion of males due to childbirth. In conclusion, the impact of immigration on health insurance finances is not large, and has a positive effect on finances. Practical Implications: If we simply consider the financial aspect, encouraging foreigners to subscribe to health insurance has a positive effect on finances. In particular, the more foreign workers are enrolled, the greater the financial gain. In particular, increasing the employment of foreign women through language education, vocational training, and employment support will help finance health insurance. One of the reasons foreign subscribers have a positive impact on health insurance finance is the low medical utilization rate. It can be said that young and healthy foreigners use fewer hospitals and clinics, but another aspect means that foreigners have difficulty using health insurance for various reasons. Therefore, various supports must be accompanied so that foreign subscribers can use medical services when necessary.

• Journal of Creative Information Culture
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.279-288
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to improve the understanding of children's play behavior by exploring the relationship between variables predicting children's preferred play areas using the data of the Korean Children's Panel, which is a national longitudinal study data. For this purpose, we investigated how children's gender, creativity, and peer play behaviors affect children's preferred play areas on their preferred play areas. The research results revealed in this study are as follows. First, there were differences in creativity, peer play behaviors, and play area preference according to children's gender. Second, as a result of examining the effect of children's creativity and peer play behaviors on play area preference, factors influencing language area, art area, math & manipulative area, and role play area preference were different based on block play area preference group. This study has great implications in that it provides basic data for children's play behavior by exploring variables that affect children's preference for play areas.

• Journal of Korea Trade
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.146-163
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• 2021

Purpose - This paper examines China's impact on Korea's ICT exports considering the direct competition channel, the production shift channel, and the indirect demand channel at once. This paper also takes China's economic rebalancing into account and discusses whether it makes any differences in the effect of the three channels. Design/methodology - To quantify the effect of the three channels, I constructed a linear panel regression model and estimated it with various estimation methods including the system GMM. China's exports toward the same destination as Korea's exports, Korea's exports toward China, and the third countries' exports toward China respectively reflect the three channels. China's GVC indicators are included as well to evaluate the effect of further China's economic rebalancing. Since the present paper has a greater interest in the effect of China rather than the determinant of bilateral trade, a (fixed effect) panel model becomes more appropriate than the gravity model because timeinvariant variables in the gravity model, such as the distance and the language, are eliminated during the estimation process. Findings - The estimation results indicate that Chinese ICT exports are complementary to Korea's ICT exports in general. However, when markets are considered in subgroups, China's ICT exports could have a negative effect in the long run, especially for SITC75 and SITC76 markets, implying a possible competitive threat of China. The production shift effect turns significant during China's economic rebalancing in the markets for the advanced economies and the SITC76 product. China's indirect demand channel is also in effect significantly for the advanced economy and SITC75 commodities during China's economic rebalancing periods. In addition, this paper shows that China's transition toward upstream in the global value chain could have a positive impact on Korea's ICT exports, especially at the Asian market. Originality/value - The contribution of this paper is threefold. First, it focuses on the ICT industry for which Korea increasingly depends on China and China becomes a global hub of the GVC. Second, this paper quantitatively studies three channels in a model in contrast to the literature which mostly examines those channels separately and pays less attention to the GVC aspect. Third, by utilizing relatively recent data from the period of 2001-2017, this paper discusses whether China's economic rebalancing affects the three channels.

• Journal of Integrative Natural Science
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.9-18
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• 2022

This research examines the power of bootstrap two-sample test, and compares it with the powers of two-sample t-test and Wilcoxon rank sum test, through simulation. For simulation work, a positively skewed and heavy tailed distribution was selected as a population distribution, the chi-square distributions with three degrees of freedom, χ²₃. For two independent samples, the fist sample was selected from χ²₃. The second sample was selected independently from the same χ²₃ as the first sample, and calculated d+ax for each sampled value x, a randomly selected value from χ²₃. The d in d+ax has from 0 to 5 by 0.5 interval, and the a has from 1.0 to 1.5 by 0.1 interval. The powers of three methods were evaluated for the sample sizes 10,20,30,40,50. The null hypothesis was the two population medians being equal for Bootstrap two-sample test and Wilcoxon rank sum test, and the two population means being equal for the two-sample t-test. The powers were obtained using r program language; wilcox.test() in r base package for Wilcoxon rank sum test, t.test() in r base package for the two-sample t-test, boot.two.bca() in r wBoot pacakge for the bootstrap two-sample test. Simulation results show that the power of Wilcoxon rank sum test is the best for all 330 (n,a,d) combinations and the power of two-sample t-test comes next, and the power of bootstrap two-sample comes last. As the results, it can be recommended to use the classic inference methods if there are widely accepted and used methods, in terms of time, costs, sometimes power.