• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.19-25
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• 1980

The Occupational Job Stress Indicies Questionnaire is a selfadministered instrument consisting of 48 questions which are designed to collect the perceived Job stress about individual. This questionnaire was translated into Korean and applied to the selected groups of 300 blue collar workers musical manufacture industy for the purpose of assessing the it's reliability from April 1. to July 30, 1980. The results obtained were as follows; 1. The range of reliability coefficients for all indices was. 45-.75 which was lower than .54-.87 of original. 2. The inter-item correlation matrix for all items comprising an index along with the intercorrelation of these items with the items comprising closely related indices. 3. The reliability of JOB SATISFACTION, INTRINSIC REWARDS and IMPORTANCE REWARDS revealed .14-.20 lower than that of original. On the point of view, some items should be adjusted in parallel with acutual situation of Korea through making a cultural comparative study and item factor analysis.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• 제33권5_6호
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• pp.607-625
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• 2015

Recently, Wang et al. [Computers and Mathematics with Ap-plications 57 (2009) 1232-1248.] and Wang and Watada [Information Sci-ences 179 (2009) 4057-4069.] studied the renewal process and renewal reward process with fuzzy random inter-arrival times and rewards under the T-independence associated with any continuous Archimedean t-norm. But, their main results do not cover the classical theory of the random elementary renewal theorem and random renewal reward theorem when fuzzy random variables degenerate to random variables, and some given assumptions relate to the membership function of the fuzzy variable and the Archimedean t-norm of the results are restrictive. This paper improves the results of Wang and Watada and Wang et al. from a mathematical per-spective. We release some assumptions of the results of Wang and Watada and Wang et al. and completely generalize the classical stochastic renewal theorem and renewal rewards theorem.

• 아동학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.339-356
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• 2008

Participants in this study on preschool children's ability to delay gratification were 132 4- to 5 year-old children and their mothers from 6 daycare centers. Mothers completed questionnaires reporting their parenting style, their child's ability to delay gratification, and child's temperament. Children participated in the real and hypothetical settings of the delay of gratification experiment. Data was analyzed by t-test, F-test, correlation and discrimination analysis. Results were that (1) 43% of preschoolers passed the delay of gratification experiment. (2) Older children were more able to delay gratification than younger children. (3) Children's rewards choices in the real setting correlated with their rewards choices in the hypothetical situation of delay of gratification. (4) Children's ability to delay gratification was influenced by their motor intelligence.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제40권6호
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• pp.53-67
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is to examine consumer characteristics according to the recycling behavior and analyze the affected variables on recycling behavior. For the empirical analysis, the data was collected 585 consumers from May 14 to June 8,2001. The statistical methods for this study were descriptive statistics, t-tests, cross tables, ANOVA and multiple regression analysis using SPSS PC program. The major findings of this study were as follows: 1. Convenience was important variables to explain the recycling behavior of household trash between two groups, but extrinsic incentives of rewards for undertaking the behavior was not significant. 2. Intrinsic motivation like as perceived consumer difficulties(PCD), perceived consumer effectiveness(PCE), recycling altitude, and ethic was significant variables to compare two groups. 3. Recycling knowledge was important to explain the recycling behavior, but no impact on recycling behavior. 4. Except age, all of socially demographic variables were significant to compare the recycling behavior of two groups. 5. Recycling attitude and convenience had influence on recycling behavior. Especially, ethic had influence on low level recycling behavior of consumer group.

• 한국IT서비스학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.73-90
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• 2010

Up to now, a shortage of SW staff has been a threat to providing satisfactory SW services in Korea. Therefore, it is necessary for us to understand factors that satisfy SW personnel and then retain them not to leave their current job positions. Hereafter, we examine whether SW manpower's job satisfaction fully mediates or partially mediates the relationship between the drivers of turnover intention such as satisfaction on IT education, job fitness, fairness of rewards and organizational moods and turnover intention. Using survey data from 745 SW staffs, we found that all antecedents except for satisfaction on IT education have significant impacts on job satisfaction as well as verified that the job satisfaction partially or fully mediates the relationships between job fitness, fairness of reward and organizational moods and turnover intention. Based on our findings, our results allowed us to provide a deeper understanding of the forces on turnover intention by examining the role of mediating effect on job satisfaction.

• 한국지능시스템학회논문지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.395-399
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• 2005

본 논문에서는 특정 주제에 관한 웹 문서들을 더욱 빠르고 정확하게 탐색하기 위하여 강화학습을 이용한 HIGH-Q 학습 알고리즘을 제안한다. 강화학습의 목적은 환경으로부터 주어지는 보상(reward)을 최대화하는 것이며 강화학습 에이전트는 외부에 존재하는 환경과 시행착오를 통하여 상호작용하면서 학습한다. 제안한 알고리즘이 주어진 환경에서 빠르고 효율적임을 보이기 위하여 넓이 우선 탐색과 비교하는 실험을 수행하고 이를 평가하였다. 실험한 결과로부터 우리는 미래의 할인된 보상을 이용하는 강화학습 방법이 정답을 찾기 위한 탐색 페이지의 수를 줄여줌으로써 더욱 정확하고 빠른 검색을 수행할 수 있음을 알 수 있었다.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.129-144
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• 1994

This research is to examine the homogeneity in premarital resources that is exchanged in mate selection and its effect on marital satisfaction among the urban couples in the early period of marriage. Structured questionnaires from 310 urban couples who had been married less than three years were analyzed in this study. First the urban couples tended to seek homogamous selection in age educational level in socioeconomic status of the parents and themselves, Second those who had a spouse from his(her) own religious parental socioeconomic status showed higher level of marital satisfaction than those who had not. The rewards from personal traits such as physical attractiveness gender-role identity personality role-expectation value orientation and perceived reward found to have strong and positive associations with marital satisfaction. Parental approval and semi-arranged marriage were associated with marital satisfaction. Third perceived rewards from these resources and parental approval had significant effects on marital satisfaction; almost half of marital satisfaction was explained by these premarital factors.

• International Journal of Fuzzy Logic and Intelligent Systems
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.219-223
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• 2009

Recently, Zhao et al. [Fuzzy Optimization and Decision Making (2007) 6, 279-295] characterized the interarrival times as fuzzy random variables and presented a fuzzy random elementary renewal theorem on the limit value of the expected renewal rate of the process in the fuzzy random renewal process. They also depicted both the interarrival times and rewards are depicted as fuzzy random variables and provided fuzzy random renewal reward theorem on the limit value of the long run expected reward per unit time in the fuzzy random renewal reward process. In this note, we simplify the proofs of two main results of the paper.

• 한국정보시스템학회지:정보시스템연구
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.89-108
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• 2022

Purpose The purpose of this study is to clarify the conceptualizations of mandatory and reward that have come into focus in the definition of digital shadow work. And explore how users in a shared services environment view cost and coercion from the perspective of digital shadow work. Design/methodology/approach We conducted one-on-one interviews with 4 participants, with each interview being an average of 25 minutes. Based on literature review, stakeholder observation, and interviews on digital shadow work so far, very objective results can be derived through triangulation based on the basis of multiple sources. Findings According to the results of the preliminary study, there are some rewards for each type of digital shadow work, but time saving and service convenience are considered more than financial rewards. Unfair demands in determining whether to implement them in consideration of the difficulty and expected benefits of the demanding digital work can cause dissatisfaction with the service. Academic implications and future research directions are also discussed.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보통신학회 2022년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.9-11
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• 2022

Applying Reinforcement Learning in everyday applications and varied environments has proved the potential of the of the field and revealed pitfalls along the way. In robotics, a learning agent takes over gradually the control of a robot by abstracting the navigation model of the robot with its inputs and outputs, thus reducing the human intervention. The challenge for the agent is how to implement a feedback function that facilitates the learning process of an MDP problem in an environment while reducing the time of convergence for the method. In this paper we will implement a reward shaping system avoiding sparse rewards which gives fewer data for the learning agent in a ROS environment. Reward shaping prioritizes behaviours that brings the robot closer to the goal by giving intermediate rewards and helps the algorithm converge quickly. We will use a pseudocode implementation as an illustration of the method.