• 상하수도학회지
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.507-515
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• 2018

The results of the survey on water utilization status, the wasted water factor, the awareness, and the education and promotional activities of water saving in Daejeon City are as follows: The percentage of using tap valve with a closure was 66% when showering. 74% of water was used with closing the tap valve when washing faces with no water needed, it was still considered that there existed a wasting water. The most wasting reasons of water were found to be shower, bath, and laundry in order. In the awareness of practicing tap water saving, 9.1% of respondents acted actively, 53.4% of them were trying to practice it, and more than 63% had a positive awareness. In the contents of practicing saving water, locking water when soaping while showering, non-laundry of small quantity, and using cups when brushing teeth were top priorities. About 50% of the reasons for saving water was to practice purely saving water, when saving for economic help was excluded. The level of water saving awareness was not high when considering that the ratio of usage without water saving equipment and installation, and using method was relatively high when moving in. In order to make usage of water saving equipment more common, it was deemed necessary to provide information on the purchase of water saving equipment and to promote and educate the efficiency of saving of related products. More than about 90% of the respondents responded that water saving education or promotional activities had an effect of improving water saving awareness. The most effective method of education and promotional activities was found to be 40.4% by mass media activities, and 21.7% by promotions through mobile devices.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.266-277
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• 2021

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: This study analyzed the quality of lunches provided in senior leisure service (SLS) facilities and compared institutional foodservice (IF) and non-institutional foodservice (non-IF). SUBJECTS/METHODS: Data of 390 adults aged 65 years or older who ate lunches in SLS facilities were analyzed using the information from the 2013-2017 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The participants were classified into IF (n = 129) and non-IF (n = 261) groups according to meal type provided. The intake of major food groups, energy and nutrients, and nutrient adequacy ratio (NAR) and mean adequacy ratio (MAR) were analyzed. The diversity of meals was evaluated by food group patterns, dietary diversity score (DDS) and dietary variety score (DVS). Energy intake was adjusted in model 1, while energy and sex were adjusted in model 2. All confounding variables were adjusted in model 3. RESULTS: The intake of seafoods (P < 0.001 in models 1, 2, and 3), seaweeds (P < 0.01 in models 1 and 2), and dairy products (P < 0.05 in models 1, 2, and 3) was significantly higher in the IF group. No significant difference existed in energy intake; however, the intake of all nutrients except carbohydrate and vitamin C was significantly higher in the IF group. NAR of all nutrients, excluding vitamin C, was higher in the IF group, and MAR was also higher in the IF group (P < 0.001 in models 1, 2, and 3). The IF group had significantly higher DDS and DVS than the non-IF group (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The lunches provided in SLS facilities were better in terms of quantity and quality when provided through IF than through non-IF. More systematic foodservice programs should be implemented in SLS facilities, especially in facilities wherein users prepare their own meals.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.85-92
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• 2023

Background: Presenteeism is closely related to work performance, work quality and quantity, and productivity at work. According to the job demand-control-support model, job demand, job control, and support play important roles in presenteeism. The present study investigated job characteristics profiles based on the job demand-control-support model and identify the association between job characteristics profiles and presenteeism. Methods: This secondary data analysis used the Sixth Korean Working Condition Survey, a nationwide cross-sectional dataset. The study included 25,361 Korean wage workers employed in the workplace with two or more workers. Participants were classified into four job characteristics profiles based on the job demand-control-support model, using latent profile analysis, and logistic regression was performed to examine the association between study variables. Results: Overall, 11.0 % of study participants reported experience of presenteeism in the past 12 months. Age, sex, location, monthly income, shift work, work hours, health problems, and sleep disturbances were significantly associated with presenteeism. The rate of presenteeism was the highest in the passive isolate group. The passive collective, active collective, and low-stain collective groups had a 23.0%, 21.0%, and 29.0% lower likelihood of experiencing presenteeism, respectively, than the passive isolate group. Conclusions: The job demand-control-support profiles and the risk of presenteeism were significantly associated. The most significant group that lowered the experience of presenteeism was the low-strain collective group, which had a low level of demand and high levels of control and support. Therefore, we need a policy to reduce job demand and increase job control and support at the organizational and national levels.

• 예술인문사회 융합 멀티미디어 논문지
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.413-422
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• 2016

공사관리자는 가용자원을 최대한 합리적으로 사용하고 주어진 공사기간과 예산 범위 내에서 건설 프로젝트를 완료하기 위해 노력하며, 공사기간 내에 프로젝트를 끝내기 위해 바차트나 CPM과 같은 공정표를 활용한다. 제주지역의 소규모 건설회사나 현장에서는 건설공사를 수행하기 위한 도구로 공정관리 전문 소프트웨어보다는 엑셀을 많이 사용하는 것으로 조사되었다. 이는 엑셀이 원가와 연계하여 사용하기 편리하고 공정관리 소프트웨어를 활용할 전문가도 부족하기 때문이다. 대학은 지역의 중소규모 건설회사가 요구하는 공정관리 능력을 가진 인재를 배출하고 있지만 교육의 질적 및 양적 측면에서 다소 부족하다. 지방 국립대 건축공학의 교육과정 조사에 의하면 대부분의 학과는 공정관리과목이나 유사한 과목을 편성하고 있다. 주요 교육내용은 네트웍 공정관리기법에 대한 이해와 공정표 작성으로 이루어져 있다. 공정관리 소프트웨어에 대한 교육과 실습은 일부 대학에서만 이루어지고 있으므로 중소규모 건설현장의 공정관리 전문가를 양성하기 위해서는 바차트 활용과 전문 공정관리 소프트웨어 교육도 필요하다.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제30권2D호
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• pp.143-151
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• 2010

현재 국내 외의 가장 큰 관심사 중의 하나는 친환경 건설이다. 그 중 가장 중요한 요소 중의 하나는 건설폐기물의 저감과 재활용일 것이다. 건설폐기물은 해체단계에서 가장 많이 배출되기 때문에 본 단계에서 폐기물의 발생량이 최소화 될 수 있도록 하는 것이 중요하다. 또한 발생된 폐기물을 관리하기 위한 시스템 개발 또한 중요하다. 그러나 국내에서는 이에 대한 연구는 거의 이루어지지 못했다. 최근에, 정부에서는 이에 대한 중요성을 인지하고 해체방법을 개선하기 위한 연구가 진행되고 있으며, 분리해체를 법제화하기 위한 준비를 하고 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 국내에서 이루어지고 있는 해체기술동향 분석을 통해 해체기술의 적용사항과 그 중요성을 검토하였다. 또한 해체산업의 현황파악을 위해 설문조사를 실시하였다. 설문조사 및 분석 결과를 통해 해체기술개발, 해체설계, 폐기물저감 등을 위해 필요한 사항을 제시하였다.

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.129-139
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• 2002

황해 주요어족생물의 분포특성을 파악하기 위한 연구의 일환으로 황해의 위도 33$^{\circ}$00'N~37$^{\circ}$00'N, 경도 124$^{\circ}$00'E~126$^{\circ}$00'E를 대상해역으로 설정하여, 1999년 5월, 1999년 8월, 2000년 4월의 3회에 걸쳐 여수대학교 실습선 청경호와 동백호를 이용한 저층트롤조사에 대한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 조사기간동안 트롤에 의해 어획된 총어획 어종은 106종으로서, 1차조사(1999년 5월)에서 53종, 2차조사(1999년 8월)에서 34종, 3차조사(2000년 4월)에서 68종이 각각 어획되었다. 어획빈도는 단 한번 어획된 어종이 1차조사에서 22종, 2차조사에서 15종, 3차조사에서 19종으로 나타나, 어종 수에서는 다수의 어종이 어획되고 있지만, 대부분 1회성의 어종이 많아 어족자원의 고갈에 대한 심각성을 나타내었다. 또한 저증트롤어구의 cod-end(60 mm)에 cover-net(30.3 mm)를 부착하여 트롤조업을 실시한 경우, 까나리아, 풀미역치, 용가자미, 눈강달이는 각각 99%, 80%, 58%, 50%가 cover-net에 어획되어 음향조사 시 필요한 샘플링에는 어획선택성에 대한 검토가 필요함을 알수 있었다. 황해의 종 유사성은 수온의 해양특성과 아주 근사한 분포특성을 나타내었다. 1999년 5월과 2000년 4월에는 유사성의 분포가 거의 같은 형태로 남북으로 나타났으며, 1999년 8월에서는 종 유사성의 분포가 동서로 분리되는 특성을 나타내었다. 2. 황해의 2000년 4월의 24정점의 트롤어획조사에 의한 단위체적당의 어획밀도의 추정치는 개체수에 대하여 평균 $1532.2{\times}10^{-6}fish/m^3$ 이었으며, 중량에 대하여서는 $39.55{\times}10^{-6}kg/m^3$이었다. 3. 1999년도 대비 2000년도의 단위체적당의 어밀도는 트롤정점별에 대한 상호비교에서 개체수 및 중량에 대하여 2000년도가 1999년도보다 증가되는 경향을 나타내었으며, 우점종 13종에 대한 비교에서도 같은 경향을 나타내었다

• 대한영상의학회지
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• 제83권6호
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• pp.1259-1272
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• 2022

목적 이러닝 센터의 개선 사업을 위해 회원들에게 현재 이러닝 센터의 만족도 및 개선되어야 할 점에 대해 설문조사를 진행하고자 하였다. 대상과 방법 영상의학과 전문의(454/617명) 및 전공의(163/617명)를 대상으로 이메일로 설문조사를 진행하였다. 설문조사 문항은 근무처 등 기본적인 정보와 현재 이러닝 센터의 이용 빈도, 만족도, 만족/불만족 이유 및 기타 개선되었으면 하는 점 등으로 구성하여 조사하였다. 결과 연회원전용 이러닝의 경우 67%, 전체회원용 이러닝의 경우 42%가 평균 이상의 만족도를 보였다. 한 달에 5회 이상 이러닝을 이용하는 회원은 30% 정도였으며, 특히 전공의의 이용 빈도가 높았다. 원하는 강의를 찾기 어렵거나(연회원전용: n = 28/97, 전체회원용: n = 72/166), 원하는 주제의 강의가 없는 경우(연회원전용: n = 37/97, 전체회원용: n = 58/166)가 있어 이 부분에 대한 개선 요구가 있었으며, 강의가 주기적으로 업데이트되었으면 좋겠다는 의견이 있었다. 또한 이러닝 시스템의 사용 편의성 및 안전성 향상에 대한 의견들이 많았다. 결론 설문조사를 토대로 이러닝 강의의 양뿐만 아니라 질적 향상의 도모, 그리고 시스템의 안전성 및 편의성 증대를 기본 방향으로 이러닝 센터 개선작업을 진행할 계획이다.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.89-97
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• 1997

Most of urban streams in Korea have been changed channel forms and suffered from direct inflow of domestic sewage, etc. Therefore, maintenance of structure and function of those ecosystem are hard. The present study was carried out to examine the life survival maintenance ability of the stream by community analysis of aquatic animals in typical urban stream (Jungrang stream) in Seoul. The aquatic animals were composed of 31 species, 18 families, 8 orders, 5 classes in 4 phyla. Seasonal species number showed big fluctuation between 8 species in Winter and 24 species in Autumn. Major dominant species in Jungrang stream were Tubificidae sp.1, Chironomidae sp.1, Chironomidae sp.2 and Physa acuta, and above endurance species for water pollution occupied very high dominance indices. But, Cercion hieroglyphicum, Ischnura asiatica, Rantra chinensis, Herochares striatus, Agabus japonicus in benthic macroinvertebrates of a few individuals are appeared. Also, fry of Carassius auratus and Silurus asotus in fish are occurred. Therefore, we can be inferred on posibility of growth and spawning of above species in the stream. Jungrang stream has a small quantity of natural riffle areas, ponds and watergrass areas by channel form of water course. Aquatic animals in Jungrang stream has been suffered by reduction of self-purification reaction ability and have mass production of attached algae on the stream bed. For analysis of fluctuation of life survival maintenance ability in Jungrang stream, long-term survey is needed.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.177-184
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• 2003

In order to obtain baseline data for quality improvement of the catering services, a survey was carried out to investigate the consumer use and satisfaction with catering services. Subjects were 171 women who had used catering services within a year previously, and were replied to a questionnaire. The results were as follows: With respect to the use of the catering service, most reasons for using the catering service were no time and no cooking skills, and most events using catering services were the first birthday party and 100th day party for baby. The preferred meal cost was 8,000-10,000 won per person. With respect to customer satisfaction, over 60% of the people were satisfied with catering service which they had used ; they were satisfied with service quality and quantity of the dishes provided whereas they showed a little bit dissatisfaction in desserts and seasonal foods. It is recommended that supplying of sufficient desserts, and development of new and various menus according to seasons should be required to improve the consumer satisfaction with catering services.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.1-13
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• 2011

The number of North Korean refugees residing in the Republic of Korea (South) has reached 17,000, and this number is expected to exceed 20,000 (North Korean Supporter's Association, 2009). Refugees have developed improper dietary habits while hiding and escaping North Korea. They have also developed preferences for exotic food. This thesis attempts determine the changes in Korean food. This study also describes the view on South Korean food by North Korean refugees. According to our survey, women refugees had better dietary habits than men. Moreover, women and those in their 40's showed a tendency to choose food based on quality over quantity. Both men and women refugees responded that they cook food based on North Korean recipes. Those who view their current financial status as average or higher stated that South Korean food is tastier than North Korean food. Those whose financial status among North Koreans was average or higher when they lived in North Korea appreciated the splendor and beauty of South Korean food more. The results of this study are expected to assist in determining the differences in dietary habits between those from the North compared to Koreans living in the Republic of Korea. Therefore, studies between South and North Korean food should continue.