• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.80-91
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• 1995

This study aims to identify the differences in chemical problem solving process of college students when the amount of information, problem context and the reasoning level were varied. Four students were participated and each student solved the problem by think-aloud method and then interviewed individually. Problem solving stage, ratio of time for each solving stage, solving strategy, misconceptions, and errors were identified and discussed related to the characteristics of problems. And, the relationships of students' belief system about chemistry & chemistry problem solving and problem solving characteristics were also identified.

• 한국정보교육학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보교육학회 2010년도 하계학술대회
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• pp.95-99
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• 2010

본 연구에서는 초등학교에서 스크래치 프로그램을 활용한 사용자 중심 디자인 모델에 기반한 하이레벨(High Level)단계의 프로토타이핑 기법을 적용하여 응용프로그램 개발 교육모형을 제시하여 적용해 보고 그 효과를 검증해 보고자 한다. 본 연구의 결과는 초등학교에서 문제해결력과 논리적 사고력 신장을 위한 응용프로그램 개발 교육의 새로운 접근방법이 될 것으로 기대한다.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.167-177
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to examine the relations of peer competence to children's interpersonal problem solving skills and mothers' parenting behavior. The subjects were 88, 6-year-old children and their mothers. Instruments used included the Peer Competence Scale, PIPS, and the revised version of IPBI. The data were analyzed with Pearson correlations, partial correlations, and stepwise regression. Children's sociability was explained mostly by mothers' intimacy-reasoning guidance, parental involvement, and children's positive alternative Solutions. Children's prosocial behavior was explained mostly by mothers' intimacy-reasoning guidance and children's positive alternative solutions. Children's leadership was explained most by mothers' involvement and Omit selling in parenting.

• 대한수학교육학회지:수학교육학연구
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.81-98
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• 2009

본 연구는 초등학교 6학년 학생들의 양적 추론의 특성을 그 유형과 표현 방식의 특성에 기초하여 분석하였다. 먼저 검사지를 통해 양적 추론의 특성을 관찰하기에 적합한 초등학교 6학년 학생 3명을 선정한 후, 문제 해결 과정에 대한 학생들의 사고 전략과 의미 도출 과정에 대한 심층 면담을 실시하였다. 3명의 학생은 문제 해결 과정에서 다른 양적 추론 유형을 사용하였으며, 그에 따라 다른 전략적 특성이 관찰되었으며, 특히 그 추론 수준이 달라서 동일한 문제해결 전략을 사용하더라도 그 세부 양상이 달랐다. 학생들은 또한 시각적 언어적 기호적 표현을 각기 다른 목적과 기능으로 활용하였다. 특히 시각적 표현은 문제 상황에 포함된 양과 그 관계를 표현하고 이를 바탕으로 새로운 관계를 추론하는 양적 추론의 과정에서 가장 큰 역할을 하고 있는 것으로 파악되었다. 연구 결과를 바탕으로 문장제 해결에서 양적 추론의 역할과 초기 대수의 도입에 관한 논의점을 도출하였다.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈A:수학교육
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• 제54권1호
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• pp.65-81
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to investigate the international trends of how the core competencies are reflected in mathematics curriculum, and to find the implications for the revision of Korean mathematics curriculum. For this purpose, the curriculum of the 9 countries including the U.S., Canada(Ontario), England, Australia, Poland, Singapore, China, Taiwan, and Hong Kong were thoroughly reviewed. It was found that a variety of core competencies were reflected in mathematics curricula in the 9 countries such as problem solving, reasoning, communication, mathematical knowledge and skills, selection and use of tools, critical thinking, connection, modelling, application of strategies, mathematical thinking, representation, creativity, utilization of information, and reflection etc. Especially the four most common core competencies (problem solving, reasoning, communication, and creativity) were further analyzed to identify their sub components. Consequently, it was recommended that new mathematics curriculum should consider reflecting various core competencies beyond problem solving, reasoning, and communication, and these core competencies are supposed to combine with mathematics contents to increase their feasibility. Finally considering the fact that software education is getting greater attention in the new curriculum, it is necessary to incorporate computational thinking into mathematics curriculum.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.987-995
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• 2004

이 연구에서는 초등학교 5학년을 대상으로 인지 수준 및 정보 처리 유형에 따른 비례, 보상 문제 해결 정도를 알아보고, 문제 해결 전략 및 해결 과정에서의 주요 오류를 분석하였다. 연구 결과 인지 수준이 구체적 조작 중기 이상이면 곤란도가 낮거나 높은 비례 문제와 곤란도가 낮은 보상 문제를 해결할 수 있었고, 곤란도가 높은 보상 문제는 대부분의 학생들이 문제 해결에 실패하였다. 정보 처리 능력이 높을수록 문제 해결 시간이 짧아지는 경향을 보였다. 비례, 보상 문제를 해결할 때는 변화 요인, building-up과 같은 직관적인 전략과 곱하기 연산과 같은 형식적인 전략을 주로 사용하였다. 비례, 보상 문제를 해결 과정에서 나타나는 주요 오류는 스키마 지식, 절차지식, 전략 지식에서 나타났으며, 스키마 지식의 결여로 기존에 사용했던 비례 전략을 적용하려는 Einstellung 현상이 뚜렷하였다. 특히 동일한 스키마 지식이 적용되는 문항에서 곤란도가 높아지면 스키마 지식의 오류로 인하여 문제 해결에 실패하는 경우가 많았다. 따라서, 비례, 보상 논리 문제 해결력의 향상을 위해서는 동일한 스키마 지식이 요구되는 구조와 곤란도가 다양한 문제 해결 경험의 제공이 필요할 것이다.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈E:수학교육논문집
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.323-340
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• 2021

본 사례 연구의 목적은 중학교 1학년 학생 2명을 대상으로 실시한 수업에서 공변 추론 수준에 따른 연립방정식 문장제를 해결하고 일반화하는 과정에서 나타나는 유사성을 비교·분석하는 것이다. 그 결과, 값의 조정 수준으로 추론하는 학생 S는 연립방정식 문장제에 주어진 양들에 대해 정적인 이미지를 가졌고, 부드러운 연속 공변 수준으로 추론하는 학생 D는 문제 상황의 양들에 대해 동적인 이미지를 갖고 양들 사이의 불변인 관계를 식과 그래프로 나타내었다. 이와 같은 연구 결과는 연립방정식 문장제의 학습에서 공식이나 전략의 사용에 앞서 주어진 상황에서 다양한 양들 사이의 관계를 추론하는 활동이 문제해결력 신장에 도움을 줄 수 있으며, 학생들의 공변 추론을 강화하기 위한 대수 교수·학습 방안에 대한 논의가 앞으로도 계속 이루어져야 함을 시사한다.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.215-224
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• 2001

Creativity is a trait necessarily demanded in highly industrial and information oriented society. Accordingly, we should develop creativity through school education. The purpose of this study is to inquire a conceptual model and teaching method for developing creative problem solving skills in home economics education which can work at a platform for the curriculum developer. Although many definitions of creativity consider cognitive aspect more, personal or affective aspect is heavily involved with creativity. Therefore, creativity is a dynamic system which cooperates many contrasting and dialectic components in personal and cognitive aspects. The function of creativity is dependent on diverse environmental system. Environments influence on the extent of the development of creativity. Thus, the person-situation interaction model devised by Woodman and Schoenfeldt, integration of cognitive, affective, and situational aspects, is suggested as a conceptual model for teaching creativity in home economics education. The practical reasoning teaching model is suggested as a teaching method for developing creative problem solving skills in home economics education. The components of creative problem solving which involved with practical reasoning process are general knowledge and skills, specific knowledge and skills, divergent thinking skills, motivation and motives, and critical thinking skills.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.73-86
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to investigate the characteristics of problem solving strategies that gifted students use in science inquiry problem. The subjects of the study are the notes and presentation materials that the 15 team of elementary and junior high school students have solved the problem. They are a team consisting of 27 elementary gifted and 29 middle gifted children who voluntarily selected topics related to dimple among the various inquiry themes. The analysis data are the observations of the subjects' inquiry process, the notes recorded in the inquiry process, and the results of the presentations. In this process, the knowledge related to dimple is classified into the declarative knowledge level and the process knowledge level, and the strategies used by the gifted students are divided into general strategy and supplementary strategy. The results of this study are as follows. First, as a result of categorizing gifted students into knowledge level, six types of AA, AB, BA, BB, BC, and CB were found among the 9 types of knowledge level. Therefore, gifted students did not have a high declarative knowledge level (AC type) or very low level of procedural knowledge level (CA type). Second, the general strategy that gifted students used to solve the dimple problem was using deductive reasoning, inductive reasoning, finding the rule, solving the problem in reverse, building similar problems, and guessing & reviewing strategies. The supplementary strategies used to solve the dimple problem was finding clues, recording important information, using tables and graphs, making tools, using pictures, and thinking experiment strategies. Third, the higher the knowledge level of gifted students, the more common type of strategies they use. In the case of supplementary strategy, it was not related to each type according to knowledge level. Knowledge-based learning related to problem situations can be helpful in understanding, interpreting, and representing problems. In a new problem situation, more problem solving strategies can be used to solve problems in various ways.

• East Asian mathematical journal
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.553-579
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• 2010

Geometric education emphasize reasoning ability and spatial sense through development of logical thinking and intuitions in space. Researches about space understanding go along with investigations of space perception ability which is composed of space relationship, space visualization, space direction etc. Especially space visualization is one of the factors which try conclusion with geometric problem solving. But studies about space visualization are limited to middle school geometric education, studies in elementary level haven't been done until now. Namely, discussions about elementary students' space visualization process and ability in plane or space figures is deficient in relation to geometric problem solving. This paper examines these aspects, especially in relation to plane and space problem solving in elementary levels. Firstly we propose the analysis frame to investigate a visualization process for plane problem solving and a visualization ability for space problem solving. Nextly we select 13 elementary students, and observe closely how a visualization process is progress and how a visualization ability is played role in geometric problem solving. Together with these analyses, we propose concrete examples of visualization ability which make a road to geometric problem solving. Through these analysis, this paper aims at deriving various discussions about visualization in geometric problem solving of the elementary mathematics.