Browse > Article

Characteristics of Elementary School Students' Problem Solving Process related to Proportional or Compensational Reasoning  

Kim, Young-Jun (lncheon Ganghwa Office of Education)
Kim, Sun-Ja (Korea National University of Education)
Choi, Mee-Hwa (Youngdeungpo Girls High School)
Choi, Byung-Soon (Korea National University of Education)
Publication Information
Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education / v.24, no.5, 2004 , pp. 987-995 More about this Journal
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to analyze characteristics of problem solving process with proportional or compensational reasoning of the elementary school students. For this study, 85th grade students were selected and tested with Science Reasoning Task, information processing ability test and proportional and compensational reasoning tasks. This study revealed that students in mid concrete stage could solve the proportionality task and easy compensation task. But, most of the students could not solve difficult compensation task. And as the students got higher score in information processing test, it took them less time to solve the problem. The types of strategy used in solving proportional and compensational problem were categorized as the factor of change, building-up and the cross-product. Most of the students failed in problem solving used incorrect schema knowledge, procedure knowledge and strategy knowledge. Many students tended to use proportionality strategy to solve the difficult compensation task. Result of this study suggested that various task included different structure and the same schema knowledge can be effective for the advancement of students' proportional and compensational reasoning ability.
Keywords
proportionality; compensation; problem solving; elementary science education;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 박학규, 권재술(1990). 물리 문제 해결에 관한 초심자의 프로토콜 분석 연구. 한국과학교육학회지, 10(1), 57-64
2 신애경, 최병순(2000). 초등학교 학생의 정보 처리 유형과 인지 양식에 따른 과학 문제 해결. 한국과학교육학회지, 20(1), 155-165   과학기술학회마을   ScienceOn
3 Ashmore, A. D., Frazer, M. J., & Casey, R. J.(1979). Problem Solving and Problem Solving Networks in Chemistry. Journal of Chemical Education, 56(6), 377-379   DOI
4 Graeber, O. A.(1993). Proportional reasoning and achievement in high school chemistry. School Science and Mathematics, 87(1), 25-32   DOI
5 Mayer, R. E.(1983). Thinking, Problem Solving Abilities, Cognition. New York: Freeman Company
6 Mettes, C. T. C. W., Pilot, A., Roossink, H. J., & Kramers-Pals, H.(1980). Teaching and learning problem-solving in science. Part I: Journal of Chemical Education, 57(12), 882-885   DOI
7 Polya, G.(1957). How to Solve It. Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday Anchor
8 Post, T. R., Behr, M. J., & Lesh, R.(1988). Proportionality and the development of prealgebra understandings. ln A. F. Coxford & A. P. Shulte (Eds.), The ideas of algebra, K-12 (1988 Year book). Reston, VA: The National Council of Teachers of Mathematics, lnc
9 Adey, P., Shayer, M., & Yates, C.(1995). Thinking science. London: Thomas Nelson and Sons Ltd
10 Lamon, S. J.(1993). Ratio and proportion: Children's cognitive and metacognitive processes. In T. P. Carpenter, E. Fennema & T. A. Romberg (Eds.), Rational numbers: An integration of research. Lawrence Erlbaum Associate
11 Hart, K. M.(1983). I know what I believe; Do I believe what I know? Journal for Research in Mathematics Education, 20, 95-102
12 홍미영(1995). 문제와 문제 해결자의 특성이 화학 문제 해결에 미치는 영향. 서울대학교 박사학위 논문
13 노태희, 전경문, 한인옥, 김창민(1996). 학생의 인지 발달수준과 문제의 상황에 따른 화학문제 해결 행동 비교. 한국과학교육학회지. 16(4), 389-400
14 Reinisch, A. M. F.(1985). The acquisition of inverse proportionality: A training experiment. Journal of Research in Mathematics Education, 16, 133-140
15 Wylam, H., & Shaver, M.(1978). CSMS Science Reasoning Tasks. Berks: NFER Publishing Company, PP. 6-28
16 Lawson, A. E.(1978). The development and validation of a classroom test of formal reasoning. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 15(1), 11-24   DOI
17 Sweller, J.(1989). Cognitive technology: Some procedures for facilitating learning and problem solving in mathematics and science. Journal of Educational sychology, 81(4), 457-466   DOI
18 Larkin(1978), Skilled problem solving in physics: A hierachical planning model. Group in science and mathematics education, University of California