• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
• /
• v.51 no.4
• /
• pp.504-513
• /
• 2019

The purpose of this study was to determine the antidiabetic and antioxidative effects of Bitter melon on streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. The normal and the control groups were fed an AIG -93M diet, and the Bitter melon groups were fed 1%, 2% and 3% Bitter melon powder. After two weeks, the control and the experimental group were induced to a diabetic state with the administration of streptozotocin. The blood glucose control and antioxidant activity were analyzed after the animals were sacrificed. The blood glucose levels of all the Bitter melon groups were lower than those of the control group, and the 2% Bitter melon group showed significantly lower blood glucose levels than those of the control group. Serum Triglyceride and HDL-cholesterol of the 2%, and 3% Bitter melon groups were significantly lower than those of the control group. The total cholesterol levels of the bitter melon groups were significantly lower than those of the control group. The serum insulin levels of the induced groups were significantly lower than those of the normal group. The HbA1c levels of the 2% and 3% Bitter melon groups were significantly lower than those of the control group. For the level of antioxidant enzymes in the liver tissues, the 2% Bitter melon group was significantly higher than that of the control group. These results show the antidiabetic and antioxidative effects of Bitter melon for the prevention and treatment of diabetes.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
• /
• v.19 no.1
• /
• pp.49-54
• /
• 2004

The prevention of infectious disease from contaminated foods is very important in public health. Quantitative microbial risk assessment has been used in advance countries to achieve the safety of public health against hazardous microbial causing contaminated foods. This study was conducted to estimate maximum edible time without producing enterotoxin from Staphylococcus aureus in Kimbap selling at different domestic store using Food MicroModel and monitoring data and to compute maximum edible time by temperature with 99th percentile safety probability based on only restaurant data. For estimating maximum edible time, model operation conditions like reaching time at 2 ${\times}$ 10$^{7}$ , which enterotoxin was known as producing point from S. aureus, temperature of 28∼3$0^{\circ}C$, pH 5.2, NaCl 0.22%, aw(water activity) 0.99, and intaking one serving size of 171g in Kimbap were considered. Estimated maximum edible times by regarding outdoor temperature in summer were 3.9∼4.6 hrs in restaurant, 6.7∼7.9 hrs in department store and 7.4∼8.7 hrs in convenient store. Based on restaurant data, estimated maximum edible times with 99th percentile safety probability by temperature were 1.9 hrs in 3$0^{\circ}C$ and 17.7 hrs in 15$^{\circ}C$.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• v.23 no.6
• /
• pp.408-417
• /
• 1990

To compare the hypolipidemic effect of n6 linoleic acid n3 $\alpha$-linolenic acid and n3 eicosapentaenoic acid plus docosahexaenoic acid, male Sprague Dawley rats weighing about 450g were fed the experimental diets for 6 weeks which composed of fat at 15%(W/W) level and were different only in dietary PUFA. Dietary fat was corn oil, perilla oil, and fish oil concentrate as a source of n6 linoleic acid, n3 $\alpha$-linolenic acid, and n3 eicosapentaenoic acid+docosahexaenoic acid, respectively. Plasma total Chol and HDL-chol levels were significantly-lower in fish oil group than in corn oil and erilla oil groups. Plasma cholesterol lowering effect of PUFa was in the order of n3 EPA+DHA>n3 $\alpha$-linolenic acid>n6 linoleic acid. Plasma TG was significantly lower in both fish oil and perilla oil groups than in corn oil group. Plasma TG-lowering effect was greater by n3 PUFA (EPA+DHA, $\alpha$-linolenic acid) than by n6 PUFA(linoleic acid). However, there were no significant effects on lipoprotein pattern hemolysis, and the levels of tocopherol and malondialdehyde in plasma and RBC by difference dietary fat with sufficient tocopherol supplement. Liver superoxide dismutase activity was significantly increased in proportion to the degree of fat unsaturation, thereby resulted in the lower level of MDA in fish oil group. In conclusion, fish oil and perilla oil rich in n3 PUFA may have important nutritional applications in the prevention and treatment of atherosclerotic disease.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• v.47 no.2
• /
• pp.106-112
• /
• 2014

Purpose: This study was conducted in order to investigate the protective effects of ethanolic extract of Acanthopanax koreanum Nakai (AE) against carbon tetrachloride ($CCl_4$)-induced liver injury in rats. Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups in order to receive the following experimental diets with intraperitoneal injection of $CCl_4$ (2.0 mL/kg body weight, 20% solution 0.65 mL) for eight weeks (n = 8 per group): $CCl_4$ control (CON), $CCl_4$ + AE 1% (AE1), $CCl_4$ + AE 3% (AE3), or $CCl_4$ + acanthoic acid 0.037%, which is equivalent to AE 3% (AA). Results: Highest serum ALT activity and albumin level were observed in the $CCL_4$ control group, but showed a significant decrease by either AE or AA supplementation in a dose-dependent manner (p = 0.0063 and 0.0076, respectively). Both hemotoxylin and eosin staining and Masson's staining indicated remarkable prevention of $CCl_4$-induced liver damage in the AE3 group. $TNF{\alpha}$ and IL-6 production were significantly lowered in the AE treated groups, but not in the AA group (p = 0.0016 and p = 0.0002, respectively). The effects of AE3 were greater than those of AA for inflammation and liver toxicity biomarkers. Conclusion: Taken together, the results suggested that ethanolic extract of Acanthopanax koreanum Nakai provided hepatoprotective effects, leading to the reduction of inflammatory response. In addition, the effect of AE was superior to that of single compound AA.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
• /
• 2016.05a
• /
• pp.189-189
• /
• 2016

To generate information that contributes to climate change risk management, it is important to perform a precise assessment on the impact in diverse aspects. Considering this academic necessity, Japanese government launched continuous research project for the climate change impact assessment, and one of the representative project is Program for Risk Information on Climate Change (Sousei Program), Theme D; Precise Impact Assessment on Climate Change (FY2012 ~ FY2016). In this research program, quantitative impact assessments have been doing from a variety of perspectives including natural hazards, water resources, and ecosystems and biodiversity. Especially for the natural hazards aspect, a comprehensive impact assessment has been carried out with the worst-case scenario of typhoons, which cause the most serious weather-related damage in Japan, concerning the frequency and scale of the typhoons as well as accompanying disasters by heavy rainfall, strong winds, high tides, high waves, and landslides. In this presentation, a framework of comprehensive impact assessment with the worst-case scenario under the climate change condition is introduced based on a case study of Theme D in Sousei program There are approx. 25 typhoons annually and around 10 of those approach or make landfall in Japan. The number of typhoons may not change increase in the future, but it is known that a small alteration in the path of a typhoon can have an extremely large impact on the amount of rain and wind Japan receives, and as a result, cause immense damage. Specifically, it is important to assess the impact of a complex disaster including precipitation, strong winds, river overflows, and high tide inundation, simulating how different the damage of Isewan Typhoon (T5915) in 1959 would have been if the typhoon had taken a different path, or how powerful or how much damage it would cause if Isewan Typhoon occurs again in the future when the sea surface water temperature has risen due to climate changes (Pseudo global warming experiment). The research group also predict and assess how the frequency of "100-years return period" disasters and worst-case damage will change in the coming century. As a final goal in this research activity, the natural disaster impact assessment will extend not only Japan but also major rivers in Southeast Asia, with a special focus on floods and inundations.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
• /
• v.34 no.4
• /
• pp.161-180
• /
• 2018

Environmental value is essential to the survival and development of humans. Environmental value and its importance are being emphasized, and related disputes are being expanded. The concept of green logistics is understood to be the same as that of the environment. As a way to preserve nature and engage in sustainable development, green logistics includes all logistical activities for protecting nature and minimizing or reducing behaviors that harm the environment for all processes, including using and reusing products and abolishing the search for resources by final users. All areas of human activity, such as the political, economic, social, and cultural sectors, strive to protect and preserve the environment and nature. In particular, the preservation of the environment shall be stressed in the economic activities that produce various products and expand the value added, and similarly for the social aspects. Green (environment) logistics aims to protect the environment and expand the prevention of environmental destruction and minimization on Earth. Some important cases and experiences that were introduced and applied in major countries are summarized. This research reviewed previous studies and the concepts of green logistics, including at ports, which represent a key sector of logistical activities. In this paper, air and water pollution at Incheon Port were investigated, and alternatives and system figures related to improving environmental logistics regarding three dimensions-country, company, and civil society-are recommended.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
• /
• v.12 no.12
• /
• pp.499-507
• /
• 2021

The purpose of this study is to analyse suicidal ideation and to identify the effect of health behavior and heath status on suicidal ideation of female baby boomers by using Korea Health Panel Data 2017. The Korea Health Panel Data 2017 were collected from February to June 2017 and included 1,319 people responded to the question whether suicidal ideation. The data were analyzed by chi-square, t-test and multiple logistic regression using SPSS WIN 25.0 program. The ratio of suicidal ideation was 3.1% in female baby boomers. Influencing factors to suicidal ideation in female baby boomers revealed that spouse, eating problem, activity restriction, and presence of depression had more suicidal ideation by 7.21 times(CI=1.15-6.36, p=.047), 4.44 times(CI=2.05-9.61, p<.001), 4.63 times(CI=1.63-13.16, p=.004), 12.12 times(CI=5.36-27.37, p<.001) respectively. Therefore, it is required to develop a suicide prevention program that considers the characteristics of female baby boomers and factors influencing suicidal ideation.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
• /
• v.37 no.6_2
• /
• pp.1901-1922
• /
• 2021

Since most large earthquakes occur by reactivation of preexisting active faults, it is important to understand the locations and characteristics of active faults in terms of earthquake hazard research and earthquake disaster prevention. Recently, several remote sensing techniques are broadly used for lineament analysis performed prior to field surveys in active fault surveys. The aim of this paper is introducing simple principles and application examples of each remote sensing technique (satellite remote sensing, airborne remote sensing, InSAR, LiDAR) widely used for active fault investigation. This paper also explains the analytical methods for the slope break generated by fault activity based on GIS and the horizontal displacement of the strike-slip fault. In discussion, we would like to discuss the problems and solutions on making DEM based on aerial photography, and a new developed technique (RRIM) to overcome the problems of DEM based on aerial LiDAR. Understanding remote sensing techniques used for active fault investigation and utilizing appropriate methods depending on the situation and limitations of each remote sensing technique are important for effective active fault investigation.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.20 no.2
• /
• pp.286-293
• /
• 2019

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease caused by accumulation of amyloid beta ($A{\beta}$) in the brain. In the present study, we investigated the neuroprotective effects of four flavonoids such as kaempferol, kaempferol-3-O-glucoside, quercetin, and quercetin-3-${\beta}$-D-glucoside against neuronal apoptosis induced by $A{\beta}$ in SH-SY5Y neuronal cells. Treatment with $A{\beta}$ decreased cell viability compared to the non-treated normal group. However, treatment with the four flavonoids increased cell viability in SH-SY5Y cells treated with $A{\beta}$. In addition, we measured the expression of apoptosis-related proteins such as Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax) and cleaved caspase-9. Treatment with the four flavonoids down-regulated Bax and cleaved caspase-9 in $A{\beta}$-treated SH-SY5Y neuronal cells. Overall, the results of the present study demonstrated the neuroprotective effect of flavonoids by anti-apoptotic activity in $A{\beta}$-induced SH-SY5Y neuronal cells. These results suggest that these four flavonoids would be useful therapeutic and prevention agents for AD.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
• /
• v.13 no.1
• /
• pp.64-69
• /
• 2019

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Alzheimer's disease is a neurodegenerative disease that induces symptoms such as a decrease in motor function and cognitive impairment. Increases in the aggregation and deposition of amyloid beta protein ($A{\beta}$) in the brain may be closely correlated with the development of Alzheimer's disease. In this study, the effects of an adzuki bean extract on the aggregation of $A{\beta}$ were examined; moreover, the anti-Alzheimer's activity of the adzuki extract was examined. MATERIALS/METHODS: First, we undertook thioflavin T (ThT) fluorescence analysis and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to evaluate the effect of an adzuki bean extract on $A{\beta}_{42}$ aggregation. To evaluate the effects of the adzuki extract on the symptoms of Alzheimer's disease in vivo, $A{\beta}_{42}$-overexpressing Drosophila were used. In these flies, overexpression of $A{\beta}_{42}$ induced the formation of $A{\beta}_{42}$ aggregates in the brain, decreased motor function, and resulted in cognitive impairment. RESULTS: Based on the results obtained by ThT fluorescence assays and TEM, the adzuki bean extract inhibited the formation of $A{\beta}_{42}$ aggregates in a concentration-dependent manner. When $A{\beta}_{42}$-overexpressing flies were fed regular medium containing adzuki extract, the $A{\beta}_{42}$ level in the brain was significantly lower than that in the group fed regular medium only. Furthermore, suppression of the decrease in motor function, suppression of cognitive impairment, and improvement in lifespan were observed in $A{\beta}_{42}$-overexpressing flies fed regular medium with adzuki extract. CONCLUSIONS: The results reveal the delaying effects of an adzuki bean extract on the progression of Alzheimer's disease and provide useful information for identifying novel prevention treatments for Alzheimer's disease.