• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제34권5호
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• pp.1-19
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• 2016

This study attempted to assess the durability of the trend in increasing childcare time and to get some clues based on research findings to make efficient policy interventions in case there is a need to continue or reverse course for such trend. In doing so, a total of 9,668 diaries from the 2004, 2009, and 2014 Korean Time Use Survey were analyzed targeting parents with a preschooler as their eldest child. Parental time was regressed on parents' weekly work hours, mother's relative income, parents' education and gender role attitudes. Furthermore, increase in parental childcare time was decomposed into parts that were attributable to differences in the means and slopes of associated factors. Analytic results revealed that; parents' weekly work hours were associated with time spent on childcare from 2004 to 2014; the negative relationship between mother's relative earnings and her childcare time in 2004 and 2009 was reversed to a positive one in 2014; parent's education had stronger positive effects on father's than on mother's childcare time; parents' gender role attitudes had a weak association with childcare time; social and cultural changes such as decrease in work hours, higher education, more egalitarian gender role attitudes, and rise in women's wages contributed to the increase in parental childcare time, but in a different way for mothers and fathers. By taking into account the social and cultural context behind the changes, this study is able to provide a more constructive implications for childcare policy in Korea.

• 가정∙방문간호학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.42-52
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• 2020

Purpose: This study aimed to find grounds for the development of a health promotion program by examining the risk factors affecting children in low-income families. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. The subjects were 288 children under 13 years of age in We-Start, W city. The tools used included a household information questionnaire and risk assessment tools. The data were analyzed using t-test, ANOVA, and multiple regressions. Results: Risk factors like disability problems (β=.38, p<.001), residential environment (β=.37, p<.001), parenting type (β=.27, p=.003), the foster's educational level (β=.22, p=.011), and the gender of the child (β=.19, p=.030) explained 51% (p<.001) of the preschoolers in crisis. For the schooler, academic achievement (β=.39, p<.001), disability problems (β=.24, p<.001), adaptation to school (β=.23, p<.001), noise from the environment (β=.20, p<.001), and the foster's job (β=-.15, p=.007) explained 50% (p<.001) of crisis of schooler. Conclusion: The study found that children (disability, gender), family (residential environment, type of parenting), and caregivers (educational level, economic competence) had a complex impact on crisis situations. In children of a school-going age, school life appeared to be an important influencing factor. Therefore, an integrated case management approach that considers children, carers, and the home environment is necessary.

• 가족자원경영과 정책
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.103-128
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to analyze the family sharing time of housework and to examine the sharing time with family is influenced by socio-demographic variables. The Time Use Survey data collected by Korean National Statistical Office in 2009 is used. Among the total sample of 21,000 individuals, 9,179 samples who are married, aged from 20 to 59 years old and non-farmers are selected for analysis. The statistical methods are frequency, percentage, crosstabulation, t-test, and regression analysis. The following is a summary of the major findings. First, comparison of men and women shows women spend more time on housework than men do. But sharing housework time with family for men increase on Sunday. Performer average is almost same in men and women. Secondly, the family sharing time on housework is longer on Sunday. It is due to increase of men's family sharing time. It means that men's time substitute for women's housework. Thirdly, the influencing factors on family sharing housework are gender, age, education, presence of spouses, monthly income, dual earner status, weekly working hours, gender role atittude and presence of preschoolers. Family sharing housework is not only household labor but also family pleasure time. It means family policy should focus on making family time for workers fundamentally. And family policy needs to make a system of educational program for work-family balance.

• 한국보육지원학회지
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.207-230
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• 2012

본 연구의 목적은 영유아 개인변인(성별, 연령, 기질), 또래유능성, 교사관계와 어린이집 적응과의 관계를 살펴보고, 나아가 이러한 변인들이 어린이집 적응에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 알아보는 것이다. 이를 위하여 수도권에 위치한 어린이집에 다니고 있는 2, 3세 영유아 130명과 학부모, 그리고 담임교사 13명을 대상으로 개인변인, 또래유능성, 교사관계, 어린이집 적응에 대해 질문지를 이용해 평가하였다. 그 결과 첫째, 영유아의 연령에 따른 적응에는 유의한 차이가 없었으나 성별 및 기질에 따라 차이가 있었다. 즉, 여아가 남아보다 더 잘 적응하였으며, 새로운 자극에 대한 회피성이 높고 지구성이 낮을수록 잘 적응하였다. 둘째, 영유아의 또래유능성에 있어서 사교성, 친사회성, 주도성이 높을수록 전반적으로 더 잘 적응하였다. 셋째, 영유아가 교사와 친밀할수록 그리고 갈등이 적고 의존성이 낮을수록 어린이집에 전반적으로 더 잘 적응하였다. 넷째, 영유아의 어린이집 적응에 대한 개인변인, 또래유능성 및 교사관계 변인의 상대적 영향력을 분석한 결과, 개인변인은 유의한 영향력이 나타나지 않았으며 교사와의 갈등 정도, 또래관계의 주도성, 그리고 교사와의 친밀감 순으로 유의한 영향력을 보였다. 마지막으로 본 연구의 제한점과 함께 후속연구를 위한 제언을 제시하였다.

• Human Ecology Research
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• 제54권5호
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• pp.551-564
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• 2016

This study examined the causal relationship between a mothers' depression and the emotional problems of their preschool-aged children as indicated by anxiety, depression and emotional reactivity. We analyzed data from 1,528 mothers and their children from the Panel Study of Korean Children (PSKC) collected when the children were 4 years old and 5 years old. Autoregressive cross-lagged modeling was conducted using AMOS ver. 23.0 to investigate the longitudinal reciprocal effects between mothers' depression and children's emotional problems. The results indicated that both mothers' depression and children's emotional problems were relatively stable between the ages of 4 to 5. There were significant cross-lagged effects from the mothers' depression to children's emotional problems and from children's emotional problems to mothers' depression. Mothers reported higher levels of depression when the children were 4 years old and the children showed more anxiety, depression and emotional reactivity when they were 5 years old. Emotional problems when the children were 4 predicted greater depression among mothers 1 year later. We also examined the group difference (between boys and girls) in the study model. Gender differences were not statistically supported. The results suggested that early assessment and intervention for mothers' depression and children's emotional problems are essential for a healthy mother-child relationship and later child outcomes.

• 영재교육연구
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.401-424
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• 2008

아동의 자발적이고 주도적인 활동을 지향하는 구성주의 과학 프로그램을 개발하여 13주에 걸쳐서 실시한 집단(26명)과 비교집단(27명)을 대상으로 창의성과 문제해결력의 사전, 사후 검사를 실시하였다. 전반적으로 창의성과 문제해결력이 모두 향상되었다. 창의성중 뚜렷한 향상을 보인 영역(유창성, 독창성, 정교성)과 그렇지 않은 영역(개방성, 추상성)이 발견되었다. 반면 모든 문제해결력의 영역(문제의 발견 및 진술, 문제에 대한 아이디어 제안 및 적용능력, 문제에 대한 결론짓기)에서는 유의한 향상이 있었다. 이러한 프로그램의 효과에 있어 성차는 유의하지 않았다.

• Human Ecology Research
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• 제53권3호
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• pp.241-251
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• 2015

This study examined the effect of preschooler's emotional intelligence, child-teacher relationships (intimacy, conflict and dependency) on children's social competence. A sample of 269 children (142 boys and 127 girls) aged 3 to 6 in Seoul or Gyeonggi-do participated in the Emotional Intelligence Scale, the Child-Teacher Relationships Scale and Social Competence Scale by teachers. Descriptive statistics, t -test, Pearson's correlation analysis and regression analysis analyzed data via SPSS ver. 20.0. This study followed a mediated effect model. The results showed that: (1) The emotional intelligence of girls was significantly higher than boys. However, the child-teacher relationship and children's social competence had no significant difference relationship to gender. (2) There was a mediating effect of child-teacher relationships between preschooler's emotional intelligence and social competence. The effect of emotional intelligence on social competence was partially mediated by intimate relationship, conflict relationship and dependency relationship. The degree of mediating effect was investigated in regards to conflict relationship, dependency relationship and intimate relationship. This study demonstrated that child-teacher relationships mediate the relationship between emotional intelligence and social competence of preschoolers.

• 한국보육지원학회지
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.23-44
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• 2010

본 연구에서는 어머니의 훈육방식 및 유아의 정서조절전략이 유아의 리더십에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 하였다. 이를 위해 만5세 유아 180명과 그들의 어머니를 대상으로 유아 리더십과 정서조절전략, 어머니의 훈육방식을 조사하여 집단간 차이분석, 상관분석과 단계별 중다회귀분석을 실시하였다. 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 여아가 남아보다 전반적으로 리더십이 더 우수한 것으로 조사되었으며 특히 주도성과 의사결정 능력에서 더 강한 리더십을 보여주었다. 그러나 출생 순위 따른 리더십 차이는 나타나지 않았다. 둘째, 취업모의 유아가 비취업모의 유아보다 더 우수한 리더십을 가지고 있었으며 특히 주도성에서 더 강한 리더십을 보여주었다. 또한 대졸 이상의 고학력 모의 유아가 고졸 이하의 모보다 의사결정능력에서 더 우수한 리더십을 보여주었다. 셋째, 어머니의 훈육방식과 유아 리더십간에는 의미있는 상관관계가 나타나지 않았다. 넷째, 유아의 정서조절전략과 리더십간에 유의미한 상관관계가 나타나 공격전략, 감정발산전략, 무전략을 사용하는 유아일수록 더 약한 리더십을 보이며 긍정적 대처전략을 사용할수록 더 강한 리더십을 가질 가능성이 높은 것으로 분석되었다. 다섯째, 유아 정서조절전략과 유아성별이 포함된 회귀모형이 유아 리더십을 의미있게 예측하는 것으로 나타났으며 이들 변인이 유아 리더십의 약 50%를 설명하는 것으로 분석되었다.

• 가족자원경영과 정책
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.1-28
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to analyze the family's meals of the daily time use and to examine how shared meals time together with family is influenced by socio-demographic variables. The Time Use Survey data collected by Korean National Statistical Office in 2009 is used. Among the total sample of 21,000 individuals, 9,179 samples who are married, aged from 20 to 59 years old and non-farmers are selected for analysis. The statistical methods are frequency, percentage, and censored regression model. The following is a summary of the major findings. The first, compared with the research results in 1999 and 2004, the time use of meals by adults is longer. But average time of family meals decreases and rates of family meals participants 2009 decrease 5.6% than 1999. Secondly, the family meals time increases from about 36 minutes on weekdays to about an hours at weekends. Regardless of the day, the women's family meals time is longer than that of men's. Thirdly, the influencing factors on family meals are sex, age, education, presence or absence of spouses, monthly income, weekly working hours and presence or absence of preschoolers. And the magnitude of gender differences in daily shared meals is not particularly large except in the case of some socio-demographic variables. Regardless of the day, women's family meals time is more affected by either dual-earner status or monthly income than that of men's.

• 가족자원경영과 정책
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.143-162
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to analyze the influences on resource transfers between middle-aged parents and their married children. This study used 2009 data from the National Research Foundation of Korea regarding inter-generational resource transfers and preparation for later life (kfr-2009-c00010). A sample of 1208 households of middle-aged parents with married children was used. The study found that parents provided financial resource transfers to their married children in the following circumstances: where parents received financial resource transfers from their married children, where the household income of parents was high, where the children were younger, and where the children were male. Parents provided instrumental resource transfers to their married children in the following circumstances: where parents received instrumental resource transfers from their married children, where the gender of children was female, where the children were employed, where married children had their own children who were either younger than a preschooler, and where household incomes of married children were high. Parents received financial resource transfers from their married children in these circumstances: where their emotional ties with their children was high, where the household income of the parents was low, where the household income of the married children was high, and where married children had preschoolers. The circumstances in which parents received instrumental resource transfers from their married children were where parents provided instrumental resource transfers and the household incomes of married children were high.