• Child Studies in Asia-Pacific Contexts
• /
• v.2 no.2
• /
• pp.109-122
• /
• 2012

Despite the fact that Muslims are fast becoming part of the world population, they are the least known group. Moreover, Muslims have been seriously misunderstood and negatively perceived because of several tragic events related to terrorist attacks or wars in the Middle East countries. In this light, the current study examined how parenting values and practices varied by importance of religion, gender, and generation, based on the questionnaire data collected from 312 Muslim fathers and mothers living in Jakarta, Indonesia. The most salient result of this study was that the religion was at the center of everyday lives. The importance of religion in their lives clearly translated in their parenting styles by engaging in religious practices with their children. At the same time, Muslim parents in Indonesia had a high level of expectation for their children's education and making happy family life as well as being faithful as Muslim. This study contributed to promoting cultural sensitivity towards Muslims by examining Indonesian Muslim parents' parenting values and practices.

• Human Ecology Research
• /
• v.52 no.2
• /
• pp.199-211
• /
• 2014

The purpose of the present study investigated the types of humor styles of preschool children, as well as the relationship between parents' humor styles, their children's emotionality, and peer competence. For this purpose, the data on parents' humor styles and their children's emotionality and peer competence were collected from 203 children 3-5 years of age who were enrolled in 3 educational institutions for young children in the Seoul area, and from their parents. Basic statistical calculations including averages, standard deviations, and variances of the collected data were calculated for the analysis of the humor style of the fathers and mothers, and Pearson correlation analysis was conducted to examine the relationship between the parents' humor styles and children's emotionality and peer competence. The results are as follows: it turned out that both fathers and mothers use social humor most frequently, and fathers use more humor in general than mothers. In addition, the analysis of the relationship between parents' humor styles and children's emotionality and peer competence showed that children's emotionality has to do with their mothers' humor styles, whereas children's peer competence has more to do with their fathers' humor styles. Finally this study found that parents' humor style has an impact on the development of children and provides a new perspective on positive parenting attitudes.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
• /
• v.37 no.3
• /
• pp.147-166
• /
• 2016

Objective: The purpose of this study was to gain an understanding of parenthood of mothers of early school-age children, with emphasis on cognitive, behavioral, and emotional aspects of parenthood. Methods: Nineteen mothers whose children were 1st and 2nd grade elementary school children participated in this study. Data were collected through individual in-depth interviews. During the interview, mothers were asked to speak freely about their experiences as parents of early-school age children, including parenting beliefs, parenting behaviors, and emotional experiences related to parenting. These interviews were transcribed verbatim and analyzed in a thematic way using MAXQDA. Results: Using qualitative methods, five major themes were emerged: (1) Recognizing the role of parents as a supporter of growth; (2) recognizing parenthood of the present generation that imposes expanded roles to mothers; (3) co-parenting of early school-age children and marital relationship; (4) co-existence of different parenting styles based on specific mother-child interaction situations; (5) experiencing a wide spectrum of emotions including anxiety, guilt, and depression, as well as happiness. Conclusion: This study revealed the unique cognitive, behavioral, and emotional aspects of parenthood experienced by mothers with early school-age children. Results of this study can fill a gap in our understanding of parenthood of mothers when their children entered into the new developmental stage of middle childhood. The results could also be used as a basis for developing parent education and family relationship programs.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
• /
• v.28 no.4
• /
• pp.305-317
• /
• 2007

This study investigated the effect of maternal interactive styles, parenting stress, home environment stimulation and social support on poverty in early childhood. Participants consisted of 145 mothers and their children living in Seoul and Kyounggi Province. Data included videotaped observations of parent-child play and standardized measures of social support, parenting stress, home environment, and child development. Results of the t-test indicated significant differences among father's age and education, mother's age and education, and income over the variable of poverty. Regression analyses indicated that home environment stimulation was the strongest predictor of variance in children's development. Results from the regression analyse were supportive of the hypothesis that home environment moderates the impact of poverty on children's development.

• Child Health Nursing Research
• /
• v.22 no.2
• /
• pp.97-106
• /
• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship between mother child-rearing attitude, language control styles and preschool child's social competence, and also, to provide a basis for development of a program to promote preschool child's social competence. Methods: The present study was a descriptive research. Participants in this study were a convenience sample of 300 preschool children and their mothers. For the final analysis 264 questionnaires were used after eliminating questionnaires with incomplete responses. Data were analyzed using the SPSS 18.0 program. Results: The mean score for mother's child-rearing attitude was $3.31{\pm}0.25$ out of 5 points, for hierarchical language control styles ($2.76{\pm}0.62$), commanding ($1.95{\pm}0.58$), and humanistic ($2.48{\pm}0.62$) out of 5 points, and for child's social competence, $3.50{\pm}0.34$ out of 5 points. Negative correlations were found between commanding language control styles and child's social competence (r=-.34, p<.001), and between commanding language control style and mother's child-rearing attitude (r=-.50, p<.001). Conclusion: The results demonstrate the importance of the quality of mother's child-rearing attitude and language control styles for child's social competence. It is suggested that promotion programs to enhance preschool child's social competence should be developed in conjunction with the parenting related environment.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
• /
• v.26 no.1
• /
• pp.11-24
• /
• 2016

This study was conducted to analyze the nutrition education and diet contents presented in toddler picture books. The study was conducted from August to October 2015 and examined five of Korea's major online bookstores. Finally, we analyzed 296 books, and 67 books contained dietary life contents. The contents of nutrition education were mainly about eating an even diet and keeping good table manners. However, contents of specific, practical dietary guidelines were not included. Therefore, it is recommended to eat a variety of vegetable side dishes at every meal, eat on time and not eat salty, sweet and fatty foods. Most parenting styles on feeding practice for nutrition education were dictatorial. To make parenting styles more effective, the parents' style should be more desirable. In order to provide internal motivation for toddlers and have a positive education effect, teaching methods on eating using picture books should be presented in a positive way. Food often appearing in picture books were vegetables, but green leafy vegetables were hardly observed. Foods that frequently showed up in picture books were pastries, which reflect Westernized food culture.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
• /
• v.39 no.1
• /
• pp.53-61
• /
• 2009

Purpose: This study was done to identify the relationship between goodness-of-fit for mother-preschool child dyads and parenting stress experienced by the mother. Methods: Study participants were 500 mothers who had children aged 3 to 5 who attended one of ten kindergartens or infant schools in M City or B City. Descriptive statistics and Pearson's correlation coefficients were calculated using the SPSS program. Results: Comparison of goodness-of-fit scores for mother-preschool child dyad according to the characteristics of the participants, showed a significant difference according to child's age, gender, and birth order, mother's education and occupation, father's age and education, family income, and the chief caregiver in the family. There was a positive correlation between goodness-of-fit scores for mother-child dyad and parenting stress scores for mothers. Conclusion: The findings of the study indicate a need to identify differences between children's behavioral problems and parenting styles according to the degree of discord in the mother-child temperaments. It is also necessary to develop and apply nursing programs to promote harmonizing of temperaments, programs in which the characteristics of the child and the mother are considered.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.40 no.4
• /
• pp.544-556
• /
• 2011

This study investigated how elementary schoolers (n=159, 9~11 years) and middle schoolers (n=176, 13~15 years) perceived maternal parenting style dimensions, both general and child-feeding related, and whether these dimensions are associated with the subject's food behaviors. The exploratory factor analysis resulted in a solution of 10 parenting dimensions (reasonable guidance, affection and involvement, achievement expectation, clear behavioral regulation, criticism and anger, overprotection, psychological punishment, harsh punishment, punish by withdrawal of child's privileges, and lack of punishment) and 8 child-feeding dimensions (portion control, restriction, pressure to eat, monitor, undesirable model, desirable model, discourage unhealthful eating, and encourage healthful eating) with 49 and 43 items, respectively. Three parenting styles, authoritarian, permissive, and authoritative, were extracted via a second factor analysis using the 10 parenting dimensions. The correlation analysis indicated that authoritarian style was positively correlated with 'restriction' and 'undesirable model', while permissive style was negatively correlated with 'encourage healthful eating' in both groups. Authoritative style was strongly associated with all of the child-feeding dimensions except for 'undesirable model'. For food behaviors, the more likely elementary schoolers and middle schoolers perceived their mothers as authoritarian and permissive, respectively, the more unhealthful foods were consumed. The consumption frequency of healthful foods increased as mothers were perceived to be authoritative. More elementary schoolers of authoritative mothers ate meals with parents. Findings suggest that maternal parenting styles and dimensions, child-feeding dimensions, and child's food behaviors are associated. It may be that authoritarian and permissive styles are more detrimental for elementary schoolers and middle schoolers, respectively, whereas authoritative style is beneficial for both groups in terms of subject's food behaviors.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Earth Science Education
• /
• v.14 no.3
• /
• pp.212-224
• /
• 2021

Early childhood education has a huge impact on the development of one's life. Therefore, it is necessary to implement effective education in childhood in order to develop abilities such as creativity, which is essential for future society. Thus, through narrative inquiry, the characteristics creativity factors, family backgrounds, and parenting styles of the three great Korean were identified, and the commonalities of the three were analyzed. Research shows that all three great people had intellectual curiosity and productive thinking skills. And most of them were born into economically rich families and had an environment where they could experience various things, and there were people who supported them. In addition, there were nurturing people around them who discovered talent and actively participated in education, and their parents formed a stable emotional attachment with their children.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
• /
• v.7 no.3
• /
• pp.101-124
• /
• 2011

The purpose of this study was to examine the differences of children's basic habits formation by their mother's and father's parenting style and their recognition about the importance of basic habits. The participants of this study were 160 three and four-year-old children's parents. The results of this study are as follows. The parental features on children's basic habits formation were significant different by children's sex. Girls' basic habits were significant different by their mother's and father's recognition about the importance of basic habits. On the other hand, boy's basic habits were significant different by mother's and father's affectionate parenting and their recognition about the importance of basic habits. Especially, boys whose parents did not consider important their children's basic habits formed higher level of basic habits in case that their mothers showed affectionate parenting. Also, there are no significant differences in children's basic habits by autonomous parenting.