• Macromolecular Research
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.373-384
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• 2005

Novel pH-sensitive moieties containing an s-triazine ring were synthesized with sulfonamide and secondary amino groups. The synthesized pH-sensitive moieties were used for the synthesis of a pH-sensitive amphiphilic ABA triblock copolymer. The pH-sensitive triblock copolymer was composed of diblock copolymers, methoxy poly(ethylene glycol)-poly ($\varepsilon$-caprolactone-co-D,L-lactide) (MPEG-PCLA), and pH-sensitive moiety. These copolymers could be dissolved molecularly in both acidic and basic aqueous media at room temperature due to secondary amino and sulfonamide groups. The synthesized s-triazine rings containing pH-sensitive compounds were characterized by ${^1}H-NMR,\;{^13}C-NMR$, and LC/MSD spectral data. The synthesized diblock and triblock copolymers were also characterized by ${^1}H-NMR$ and GPC analyses. The critical micelle concentrations at various pH conditions were determined by fluorescence technique using pyrene as a probe. Furthermore, the micellization and demicellization study of the triblock copolymer was done with pH-sensitive groups. The sensitivity towards pH change was further established by acid-base titration.

• Macromolecular Research
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.467-476
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• 2005

The main objective of this study was to develop and characterize pH-sensitive biodegradable polymeric materials. For pH-sensitivity, we employed three kinds of moieties: 2-amino-3-(lH-imidazol-4-yl)-propionic acid (H), N-[4-( 4,6-dimethyl-pyrimidin-2ylsulfamoyl)-phenyl]succinamic acid (SM), and 2- {3-[ 4-( 4,6-dimethyl-pyrim­idin- 2-ylsulfamoyl)-phenylcarbamoyl]-propionylamino} -3-(3 H - imidazol-4-yl)-propionic acid (SH). The pH -sensitive diblock copolymers were synthesized by ring opening polymerization and coupling reaction from poly(ethylene glycol) (MPEG), $\varepsilon$-caprolactone (CL), D,L-lactide (LA) and pH-sensitive moieties. The pH-sensitive SH molecule was synthesized in a two-step reaction. The first step involved the synthesis of SHM, a methyl ester derivative of SH, by coupling reaction of SM and L-histidine methyl ester dihydrochloride, whereas the second step involved the hydrolysis of the same. The synthesized SM, SHM and SH molecules were characterized by FTIR, $^{1}H$-NMR and $^{13}C$-NMR spectroscopy, whereas diblock copolymers and pH-sensitive diblock copolymer were characterized by $^{1}H$-NMR and GPC analysis. The critical micelle concentrations were determined at various pH conditions by fluorescence technique using pyrene as a probe. The micellization and demicellization studies of pH-sensitive diblock copolymers were also done at different pH conditions. The pH-sensitivity was further established by acid-based titration and DLS analysis.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생물공학회 2003년도 생물공학의 동향(XII)
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• pp.739-742
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• 2003

생분해성인 Curdlan을 이용하여 pH 의존성 약물 전달계 개발을 위한 실험을 수행한 결과, pH 1,4에서 약물 방출 보다 pH 7.4에서 약물 방출이 10배 이상 증가하였다. 이러한 결과로 curdlan acetate microsphere는 pH 의존성 약물 전달계로 유용하다고 판단된다.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.281-293
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• 1988

가토 신장 근위세뇨관에서 분리한 brush border membrane vesicle(BBMV)과 basolateral membrane vesicle(BBMV)에서 rapid filtration 방법으로 PAH 이동에 대한 pH의 영향을 관찰하였다. BLMV에서 용액내 Na이 없을 때 외부 $pH(pH_0)$를 8.0에서 5.5까지 감소시켰을 때 probenecid-sensitive PAH 이동은 유의하게 증가되었다. 용액내 Na이 있을 때 $pH_0$가 8.0에서 6.0까지 변화하여도 PAH 이동에는 영향이 없었으나 5.5까지 더욱 감소시켰을 때 PAH 이동이 증가하였다. 그러나 vesicle 내 외에 pH gradient없이 $pH_0$를 내부 $pH(pH_1)$와 동일하게 변화시켰을 때 PAH 이동은 영향을 받지 않았다. PH gradient가 없을 때 시험된 pH범위에서 Na은 PAH 이동을 증가시켰다. BBMV에서도 BLMV에서와 유사한 pH 의존성을 보였으나 Na의 존재는 PAH 이동에 영향을 미치지 못하였다. BLMV에서 동력학적 분석 결과 일정한 $pH(pH_1)$에서 $pH(pH_0)$ 감소는 Km에 변화없이 PAH 이동에 대한 Vmax를 유의하게 증가시켰다. 이러한 결과로 BBMV에서 PAH 이동에 대한 pH의 영향은$OH^-/PAH$교환기전에 기인하는 것으로 추측되나 BLMV에서 pH 의존성은 음이온 교환기전만으로 설명될 수 없다. 또한 BLMV에서는 PAH 이동이 Na에 의존하나 BBMV에서는 Na에 의존하지 않음을 가르킨다.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.97-102
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• 2004

발효식품의 후산발효를 조절하기 위하여 pH sensitive liposome의 이용 가능을 검토하였다. Lactococcm sp. CU216이 생산하는 박테리오신은 L.. acidophilus를 제외하고는 대부분의 유산균주들에 생육억제 효과가 있는 것으로 확인되었으며, 이를 Octyl-Sepharose column으로 분획하여 정제하였다. 정제된 박테리오신을 dipalmitoyl phosphocholine, dipalmitoyl phosphoethanolamine, dioleoyl phosphocholine 및 콜레스테롤를 각각 4:2:1:4(㏖ ratio)의 비율로 섞은 liposome을 제조하여 최종적으로 pH sensitive bacteriocin-liposome을 제조하였다. 이렇게 제조된 liposome은 pH 4부근에서 대부분 유리되는 것으로 확인되었으나 pH 6이상에서는 일어나지 않았다. 또한 pH sensitive bacteriocin-liposome 한국의 전통 발효식품인 김치에 적용하여 저장시 pH의 저하를 억제시키는 것으로 확인되었다. 본 실험 결과, pH sensitive bacteriocin-liposome은 발효식품의 후산발효 억제에 적용될 수 있으며 추후에 요구르트를 포함한 다른 발효식품에 대한 추가적인 실험이 필요한 것으로 생각되었다.

• Macromolecular Research
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.147-151
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• 2005

The main objective of this study was to modulate pH-sensitive polymers (poly($\beta-amino esters$)) by controlling their molecular weight during their synthesis. These pH-sensitive and biodegradable polymers were synthesized by Michael-type step polymerization. 1,4-Butane diol diacrylate was used as the unsaturated carbonyl compound and piperazine as the nucleophilic compound. Various molecular weight polymers were obtained by varying the mol ratio of piperazine/1,4-butane diol diacrylate. The synthesized polymers were characterized by $^{1}H-NMR$ and their molecular weights were measured by gel permeation chromatography(GPC). The dependence of the molecular weight on the mol ratio was evaluated by the titration method. Also, the pH dependent turbidity of the polymers was determined by UV-Vis spectrophotometry. This pH dependent property of the polymers could be very useful for preparing drug carriers that are sensitive to pH.

• 폴리머
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.262-268
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• 2013

본 연구에서는 pH 감응성 수화젤 입자를 이용하여 외부환경에 불안정한 활성물질을 화장품 제형 내에서는 안정하게 보존하고, 피부에 도포 시 빠른 방출로 피부에 흡수될 수 있는 지능형 전달시스템의 구현 가능성을 확인하기 위하여, 분산광중합을 이용하여 pH 감응성을 가지는 P(MAA-co-PEGMA) 수화젤 입자를 평균 크기 약 $2{\mu}m$의 구형 입자로 합성하였다. 합성된 P(MAA-co-PEGMA) 수화젤 입자는 수화젤의 MAA에 존재하는 카르복시기의 이온화에 의하여 pH 5를 전후로 한 급격한 팽윤비의 변화를 보여주었다. pH에 따른 수화젤 내부에 탑재된 알부민의 방출 및 피부투과 실험결과, P(MAA-co-PEGMA) 수화젤 입자는 pH 4.0에서는 소량의 알부민이 방출되어 피부 투과가 거의 일어나지 않은 반면, pH 6.0에서는 초기부터 다량의 알부민이 방출되어 상대적으로 높은 피부투과율을 나타내었다. 펩신을 이용한 알부민의 안정성 실험결과, P(MAA-co-PEGMA) 수화젤은 내부에 탑재된 알부민을 외부 환경으로부터 보호하여 알부민의 안정성을 유지시켜 주었다.

• Macromolecular Research
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.437-442
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• 2007

Poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether (PEG)-poly(${\beta}$-amino ester) (PAE) block copolymers were synthesized using a Michael-type step polymerization, and the construction of pH-sensitive polymeric micelles (PM) investigated. The ${\beta}$-amino ester block of the block copolymers functioned as a pH-sensitive moiety as well as a hydrophobic block in relation to the ionization of PAE, while PEG acted as a hydrophilic block, regardless of ionization. The synthesized polymers were characterized using $^1H-NMR$, with their molecular weights measured using gel permeation chromatography. The $pK_b$ values of the pH-sensitive polymers were measured using a titration method. The pH-sensitivity and critical micelle concentration (CMC) of the block copolymers in PBS solution were estimated using fluorescence spectroscopy. The pH dependent micellization behaviors with various bisacrylate esters varied within a narrow pH range. The critical micelle concentration at pH 7.4 decreased from 0.032 to 0.004 mg/mL on increasing the number of methyl group in the bisacrylate from 4 to 10. Also, the particle size of the block copolymer micelles was determined using dynamic light scattering (DLS). The DLS results revealed the micelles had an average size below 100 nm. These pH-sensitive polymeric micelles may be good carriers for the delivery of an anticancer drug.

• Carbon letters
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.122-126
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• 2010

The alginate-based hydrogel was prepared as a pH-sensitive drug delivery system. To enhance the drug loading capacity, activated carbon was introduced as a drug absorbent. The iron oxide was incorporated into the alginate matrix for the magnetic transferring to the target organ. The activated carbon and iron-oxide were dispersed uniformly in the alginate hydrogel. The drug release from the alginate/activated carbon composite hydrogel was carried out in various pH conditions with vitamin B12 and Lactobacillus lamnosers as model drugs. The fast and sustainable release of drug was observed in the basic condition due to the pH-sensitive solubility of alginate. The novel drug delivery system having pH-sensitive release property and magnetic movement to target place was developed by using the alginate/activated carbon composite magnetic hydrogels.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.46-49
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• 2005

생분해성인 curdlan을 아세틸화하여 소수성 약물인 IND의 치료효과를 증진시킬 수 있는 약물전달시스템 개발을 위한 실험을 수행한 결과, IND가 포함된 CAMs를 제조할 수 있었고, IND의 loading efficiency는 $58.44\%$였다. 약물 방출 거동에 영향을 미치는 요인 중 제조한 CAMs의 swelling 특성은 처음 1시간 동안 pH 1.4에서는 아무런 변화가 없었고 PH 7.4에서는 $30\%$의 swelling을 보였고 pH 1.4에서보다 pH 7.4에서의 swelling이 약 3배 높았다. 또한 CAMs로부터 IND의 방출은 pH 1.4에서보다 pH 7.4에서 약 15배 이상 증가하였다. 이러한 결과로 CAMs는 IND의 약물전달시스템으로 유용할 것이며 특히 pH에 의존하는 약물방출 경향을 보였다.