• 말소리와 음성과학
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.57-64
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• 2019

본 논문에서는 음성 합성을 위한 오픈소스 시스템인 Merlin 툴킷을 이용하여 한국어 TTS 시스템을 구성한다. TTS 시스템에서 HMM 기반의 통계적 음성 합성 방식이 널리 사용되고 있는데, 이 방식에서 문맥 요인을 포함시키는 음향 모델링 구성의 한계로 합성 음성의 품질이 저하된다고 알려져 있다. 본 논문에서는 여러 분야에서 우수한 성능을 보여 주는 심층 신경망 기법을 적용하는 음향 모델링 아키텍처를 제안한다. 이 구조에는 전연결 심층 피드포워드 신경망, 순환 신경망, 게이트 순환 신경망, 단방향 장단기 기억 신경망, 양방향 장단기 기억 신경망 등이 포함되어 있다. 실험 결과, 문맥을 고려하는 시퀀스 모델을 아키텍처에 포함하는 것이 성능 개선에 유리하다는 것을 알 수 있고, 장단기 기억 신경망을 적용한 아키텍처가 가장 좋은 성능을 보여주었다. 그리고 음향 특징 파라미터에 델타와 델타-델타 성분을 포함하는 것이 성능 개선에 유리하다는 결과가 도출되었다.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.73-83
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• 2019

In this paper, we propose the augmented reality(AR) based driving navigation based on robust lane detection method to dynamic environment changes. The proposed technique uses the detected lane position as a marker which is a key element for enhancing driving information. We propose Symmetrical Local Threshold(SLT) algorithm which is able to robustly detect lane to dynamic illumination environment change such as shadows. In addition, by using Morphology operation and Connected Component Analysis(CCA) algorithm, it is possible to minimize noises in the image, and Region Of Interest(ROI) is defined through region division using a straight line passing through several vanishing points We also propose the augmented reality aided visualization method for Interchange(IC) and driving navigation using reference point detection based on the detected lane coordinates inside and outside the ROI. Validation experiments were carried out to assess the accuracy and robustness of the proposed system in vairous environment changes. The average accuracy of the proposed system in daytime, nighttime, rainy day, and cloudy day is 79.3% on 4600 images. The results of the proposed system for AR based IC and driving navigation were also presented. We are hopeful that the proposed research will open a new discussion on AR based driving navigation platforms, and thus, that such efforts will enrich the autonomous vehicle services in the near future.

• Journal of Rhinology
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.123-129
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• 2018

Background and Objectives: Endoscopic repair of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak can avoid morbidity of open approaches and has shown a favorable success rate. Free mucosal graft is a good method, and multi-layered repair is more favorable. The inferior turbinate has been commonly utilized for the free mucosal graft, but we newly designed it as a bone-periosteal-mucosal composite graft for multilayered reconstruction. Subjects and Method: Four subjects with a skull base defect were treated with this method. The inferior turbinate was partially resected including the conchal bone and was trimmed according to defect size. Both bony parts and periosteum were preserved on the basolateral side of the mucosa as a composite graft. The graft was applied to the defect site using an overlay technique. Results: All cases were successfully repaired without any complications. Three of them had a defect size greater than 10-12 mm, and the graft stably repaired the CSF leakage. Conclusion: Endoscopic repair of CSF leakage using inferior turbinate composite graft is a simple and easy method and would be favorable for defect sizes greater than 10 mm.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제37권9호
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• pp.13-24
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• 2021

최근 자갈도상궤도의 유지관리 시 지반투과레이더(GPR) 장비를 이용한 지반 내부의 파울링 양상을 검측하는 시도가 이루어지고 있다. 하지만, 복잡한 지반조건이 혼재된 현장에서 다량의 노이즈가 포함된 채로 얻어지는 GPR 신호 자료 판독은 전문가의 경험에 의존하는 경우가 많으며, 정밀한 분석에 어려움도 많다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 python 기반의 오픈소스코드인 gprMax와 RSA(Random sequential Absorption) 알고리즘을 이용하여 자갈도상 재료의 파울링 정도에 따른 GPR 신호특성을 정량적으로 분석하고 평가할 수 있는 수치해석 기법을 제안하였다. 해석모델의 예측 정확도를 평가하고자 모형시험체를 제작하여 시험 결과와 해석결과를 서로 비교하여 해석모델의 예측 정밀도를 확인하였다. 또한, 다양한 시험조건 별 모형체 시험 및 해석에서의 파울링층의 식별 여부를 평가하였으며 그 결과를 분석하였다.

• 정보보호학회논문지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.587-604
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• 2021

라이브러리는 독립적으로 실행되지 않고 많은 응용 프로그램에서 사용되므로, 라이브러리의 취약점을 사전에 탐지하는 것은 중요하다. 라이브러리 취약점을 탐지하기 위해 동적 분석 방법인 퍼징이 사용되고 있다. 퍼징 기술은 코드 커버리지 및 크래시 발생 횟수 측면에서 개선된 결과를 보여주지만, 그 효과를 라이브러리 퍼징에 적용하기는 쉽지 않다. 특히, 라이브러리의 다양한 상태를 재현하려면 특정 함수 시퀀스를 호출하고 퍼저의 입력을 전달하여 라이브러리 코드를 실행하는 퍼징 대상 파일과 시드 코퍼스가 필요하다. 그러나 퍼징 환경(시드 코퍼스, 퍼징 대상 파일)을 준비하는 것은 라이브러리에 대한 이해와 퍼징에 대한 이해가 동시에 필요한 어려운 일이다. 이에, 본 논문에서는 테스트 프레임워크를 활용하여 라이브러리 퍼징의 용이성을 확보하고, 코드 커버리지와 크래시 탐지 성능을 향상하기 위한 개선 방법을 제안한다. 본 논문에서 제안한 시스템은 9개의 오픈 소스 라이브러리에 적용하여 기존 연구들과 비교를 통한 개선 효과를 검증하였다. 실험 결과 코드 커버리지 31.2%, 크래시 탐지 기준 58.7%의 개선효과를 확인하였고, 3개의 알려지지 않는 취약점을 탐지하였다.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.268-271
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• 2021

Lung granulomas are uncommon in Thailand. The disease typically develops from an occupational environment and is mostly caused by infection. Herein is a case report of a female patient, aged 48, working as a nurse in an Accident and Emergency Department at a hospital. Eighteen years prior to admission the patient was diagnosed with myasthenia gravis and pulmonary tuberculosis. The chest X-ray and CT scans showed a solitary pulmonary nodule in the lower left lung. The patient received an open thoracotomy with a left lobectomy. Granulomatous and nonseptate hyphae were found in the pathology diagnosis. The patient was thus diagnosed as having a lung granuloma. The galactomannan antigen test was positive. The solitary pulmonary nodule-found from the use of a Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) test-was an Aspergillus spp. The fungus culture was collected from air samples. The air samples were collected by the impaction technique using a microbial air sampler. Three types of Aspergillus spp. were found as well as Penicillium spp. and Monilia sitophila. The Aspergillus spp. was a match for the patient's disease. The patient was diagnosed as having a lung granuloma possibly Aspergillus nodule which was caused by airborne Aspergillus spp. from the occupational environment.

• 한국정보기술학회논문지
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.105-116
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• 2019

국내 대다수의 공공장소 및 사유건물은 범죄 예방 및 사후 조치, 내부자 보안, 시설안전 및 화재 예방 등을 위해 CCTV(Closed Circuit Television)를 설치하고 있으며, 매년 설치 대수는 늘어나는 추세이다. 늘어나는 CCTV에 대하여 진행된 설문에서는 다수의 반응이 CCTV의 촬영으로 인한 프라이버시 침해 등의 부정적 시선보다 설치로 인해 발생할 수 있는 범죄의 예방적 측면에서 긍정적으로 보고 있다. 하지만 CCTV는 프라이버시 측면에서 많은 위험성을 내포하고 있으며, 클라우드를 이용하여 영상 데이터를 수집할 경우 피사체의 개인정보가 유출될 수 있다. 인세캠은 각국의 CCTV 감시 영상을 실시간으로 중계하였으며, 중계 대상에는 노트북의 전면카메라까지 포함되어 큰 이슈를 불러일으켰다. 본 논문에서는 CCTV를 통해 영상정보에 대한 프라이버시 기법 처리를 통한 개인정보 유출 방지 및 클라우드 시스템 보안성 강화를 위한 시스템을 소개하기로 한다.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제59권4호
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• pp.329-339
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• 2021

Ion channels are important targets of anthelmintic agents. In this study, we identified 3 types of ion channels in Ascaris suum tissue incorporated into planar lipid bilayers using an electrophysiological technique. The most frequent channel was a large-conductance cation channel (209 pS), which accounted for 64.5% of channels incorporated (n=60). Its open-state probability (P_o) was ~0.3 in the voltage range of -60~+60 mV. A substate was observed at 55% of the main-state. The permeability ratio of Cl^- to K⁺ (P_Cl/P_K) was ~0.5 and P_Na/P_K was 0.81 in both states. Another type of cation channel was recorded in 7.5% of channels incorporated (n=7) and discriminated from the large-conductance cation channel by its smaller conductance (55.3 pS). Its Po was low at all voltages tested (~0.1). The third type was an anion channel recorded in 27.9% of channels incorporated (n=26). Its conductance was 39.0 pS and P_Cl/P_K was 8.6±0.8. P_o was ~1.0 at all tested potentials. In summary, we identified 2 types of cation and 1 type of anion channels in Ascaris suum. Gating of these channels did not much vary with voltage and their ionic selectivity is rather low. Their molecular nature, functions, and potentials as anthelmintic drug targets remain to be studied further.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.133-144
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• 2021

This study aims to estimate location of land mammals habitat by analyzing spatial data and investigate how to apply environmental DNA monitoring methodology to lotic system in Yangpyeong-gun, Gyeonggi-do. Environmental DNA sampling points are selected through spatial analysis with QGIS open source program by overlaying Kernel density of wild boar(Sus scrofa), elevation, slope and land-cover map, and 81 samples are collected. After 240 mL of water was filtered in each sample, metabarcoding technique using MiMammal universal primer was applied in order to get a whole list of mammal species whose DNA particles contained in filtered water. 8 and 22 samples showed DNA of wild boar and water deer, respectively. DNA of raccoon dog, Eurasian otter, and Siberian weasel are also detected through metabarcoding analysis. This study is valuable that conducted in outdoor lotic system. The study suggests a new wildlife monitoring methodology integrating overlayed geographic data and environmental DNA.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제31권11호
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• pp.619-625
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• 2021

Cu₂ZnSn(S,Se)₄ (CZTSSe) based thin-film solar cells have attracted growing attention because of their earth-abundant and non-toxic elements. However, because of their large open-circuit voltage (V_oc)-deficit, CZTSSe solar cells exhibit poor device performance compared to well-established Cu(In,Ga)(S,Se)₂ (CIGS) and CdTe based solar cells. One of the main causes of this large V_oc-deficit is poor absorber properties for example, high band tailing properties, defects, secondary phases, carrier recombination, etc. In particular, the fabrication of absorbers using physical methods results in poor surface morphology, such as pin-holes and voids. To overcome this problem and form large and homogeneous CZTSSe grains, CZTSSe based absorber layers are prepared by a sputtering technique with different RTA conditions. The temperature is varied from 510 ℃ to 540 ℃ during the rapid thermal annealing (RTA) process. Further, CZTSSe thin films are examined with X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence, Raman spectroscopy, IPCE, Energy dispersive spectroscopy and Scanning electron microscopy techniques. The present work shows that Cu-based secondary phase formation can be suppressed in the CZTSSe absorber layer at an optimum RTA condition.