• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제19권11호
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• pp.721-729
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• 2018

우리나라와 같이 교육과정에 관한 의사결정이 국가 수준에 집중되어 있을 경우 교육과정 이해의 관점은 필연적이라고 할 수 있으며, 이러한 교육과정 이해는 교육과정 이론가뿐만 아니라 실질적인 교육기관의 교사에게도 중요하고 볼 수 있다. 또한 그 동안 교육개혁에 관한 교사들의 인식을 알아보기 위한 연구는 활발히 이루어져왔다. 그러나 저항요인에 관한 연구는 주로 개인들의 속성에 관한 연구들로서, 습관, 성숙도, 인성, 연령 등과의 관련성을살펴본 결과들이 있었으나 연구결과들 간에 일관성을 찾아보기가 어려웠다. 따라서 본 연구는 교육과정 실행의 핵심요인으로 교사를 선정하고 교사의 지식과 태도, 기술과 교육과정 실행 간의 관계에서 교사들이 가지는 교육 저항성에 대한 인식과 부정적인 견해를 알아보는 것으로써 또 다른 의미를 찾고자 한다. 본 연구의 대상은 서울지역의 강남구, 송파구, 중구에 위치한 중 고등학교에서 교사들을 대상으로 했다. 설문조사는 2018년 4월 13일부터 4월 30일까지 3주에 걸쳐 15개 학교 대상으로 무선표집을 실시하였다. 자료분석은 SPSS 20.0와 AMOS 20.0을 이용하여 빈도분석, 신뢰도 분석, 요인분석 및 구조방정식 모형과 sobel-test를 통해 가설을 검증하였다. 분석결과 교육과정 실행에 영향을 미치는 요인으로는 기술체계, 지식체계, 교사의 태도 순으로 정(+)의 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 교사 저항감의 고(高), 저(低)에 따라 각 요인 간의 유의한 차이가 있는 것을 확인하였다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.868-877
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• 1996

This study was done to analyze research trends and to suggest future perspectives for nursing research on fatigue. The author reviewed 31 Korean and foreign research papers which have been published in the literature since 1970. An analysis of the study focused on the type of research subjects, type of study design. measurement instrument, and its correlated parameters. The results of the study are summarized as follows : First, within all of the studies analayzed, 14 studies were publised in Korea and 17 were published abroad. The number of studies done abroad have been increasing rapidly since 1991. Second, an analysis of the research design of the studies showed, eight studies each, Korean and foreign used survey design. Two Korean studies and seven foreign studies used a correlational design. Four comparative studies were done in Korea, but only two experimetal studies were performed abroad. Therefore, it was found that the trend of the study design used is survey design and there are more correlational studies done abroad than in Korea. Third, the type of the study subjects ; 11 Korean and three foreign studies dealt with healthy people. In addition, three Korean and 14 foreign studies investigated patients with various illnesses. It was found that patients with various illnesses were studied more frequently in foreign studies than in Korean studies. Fourth, the measurement tool used in the Korean studies ; 13 studies used a testible tool to assess patients' subjective symtoms or complaints of fatigue. The most commonly used tool used in 10 studies, was the Fatigue Self-Perception Scale, which was designed by the Labor and Health Institute of Japan. The Visual Analogue Scale was used in two studies, and Piper Fatigue Scale, addtional with physiologic parameters, was used in one study. In the foreign studies, subjective measurement tools were used in 16 studies. A combination of a subjective measurement tool with objective parameters was used in ten studies. For the subjective measurement tool used in the foreign studies, a specific measurement tool developed by the researcher which was used in seven studies. Either Rhoten Fatigue Scale or the Visual Analog Scale were used in three studies. Additionally, in order to identify the relationship between fatigue and psychological factors, The Profile of Mood State was used in three studies. Beck Depression Inventory was used in two studies. The Self Rated Depression Scale, developed by Zung, was used in one study and other measurement tools were used to measure various psychological parameters. Rhoten fatigue Checklist was also used to observe behavior patterns. Lastly, nine studies identified correlations between fatigue and other parameters. A significant correlation was found between fatigue and psychological factors such as depression, and pain. As a result of the above findings, it can be said that research trends on fatigue are increasing internationally. The selected study designs are survey studies both in Korea and abroad. There are more correlational studies abroad than in Korea. In addition, subjective measurement tools and objective parameters are used variously and combined with each other. had, there is a significant correlation between fatigue and psychological factors such as depression, and pain. More survey and correlational studies need to be done to identify the relationship of fatigue in patients with various condition or diagnoses and to suggest a scientific basis for nursing interventions with fatigue. Also, a tool to assess patient's subjective, objective, and behavioral aspects on fatigue needs to be developed.

• 한국학교보건학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.249-261
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• 2002

This study was a research study to find out the real picture and practice of student obesity control by primary, middle and high school school nurses. The study sampled 196 school nurses working in the Busan City and Northern Gyungsang Province, who agreed on the purpose of the study. When it comes to the study process, at the meeting of the whole school nurses, the researcher explained the purpose of the study and asked them to complete questionnaires and return on the spot. The study is designed to provide basic data for school nurses in field to systematically and efficiently control student obesity by examining perception of school obesity control and the real picture or practice of obesity control as well as its problems. The study used SPSS 10.0 to analyze data. The results are as follows: Annual plans about obesity control appeared significant at the primary school, 89.3%, higher than 77.3% of the middle and high school(p<0.05). Annual project evaluation showed a significant difference by regions, 56.0% of metro cities vs. small cities(p<0.01). The number of measuring weight of obese students was higher at the primary school than at the middle and high school(p<0.05). Also small cities conducted the weight measurement more often than metro cities(p<0.001). Among the health education methods for obesity, counseling appeared statistically significant(p<.01). The health education showed a significant difference in more experienced school nurses. Among the educational media, environment postings were used at the primary school, 24.0%, higher than 5.3% of the middle and high school. It showed a significant difference(p<.001). OHP or epidiascopes were used at the primary school, 36.4%, significantly higher than the middle and high school(p<.001). In addition, computer was used at the primary school, 21.5%, higher than the middle and high school(p<.05). Problems of obesity education data included a lack of textbooks and programs and a short of educational media. However it didnt show a significant difference in schools or in regions. Counseling activities for obesity showed a significant difference in schools(p<.01) and in regions(p<.001). When parents with obese students were in counseling, those in their 20s used home correspondence and those in their 30s and 40s used phone call(p<.01). The rate of equipment to measure obesity was higher at the middle and high school than the primary school, showing a significant difference(p<.001). Therefore, regular health education curriculums for school nurses should be systematically created to promote student health. Furthermore, it needs to make standard textbooks for health education by grades as well as by levels and to develop various educational programs and educational media.

• 모자간호학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.45-54
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• 1992

The purpose of this study was to explore the stressors in pediatric intensive care unit and impaired psychological responses of children after open heart surgery. Sixteen children aged 6 to 11, who were admitted to the hospital for open heart surgery during the period from July, 1991 to February, 1992 were the subjects of the study. Observations, drawings, and interviews were used to collect data for study. Behavioral responses about intensive care unit phenomena were analyzed according to the 4 categories identified to assess children's perceived stressors in ICU. Impaired psychological responses were examined using observational and interview data. Drawings were analyzed by content and color by this researcher and validated by the psychologist. The findings were as follows : 1. The most frequently perceived stressors by children in ICU were the physical stressors causing pain and discomfort(68.5%). It was followed by social stressors which denote disruption of relationship with family and friends(13.0% ), environmental stressors which denote unfamiliar surroundings, noise, staff, and other patients (11.2%), and psychological stressors which denote factors affecting self-esteem such as inability to communicate and inadquate knowledge of the situation (7.3%). 2. 81.3% of the children showed of least one of the impaired psychological responses. Three children (18.8%) experienced time disorientation. An equal number of subject experienced perceptual illusion. Two children(12.5%) experienced hallucination. Vivid dream about ICU phenomena was reported by 2 children. Seven children(43.8%) were identified as having exaggerated fear. They feared about oxygen mask and ICU environment in general. Seven children(43.8%) experienced impairment of memory about treatments, procedures, and environment of ICU. 3. The analysis of children's drawing revealed that 56.3% of children experienced fear in the ICU. 75% of children included nurses in the drawings and 62.5% of children drew other children. 81.3% of children drew and identified himself in the drawing. The colors used most by children were green, purple, and brown. From this result, it is recommended to prepare children before open heart surgery to reduce their stressors and impaired psychological responses in ICU.

• 가정간호학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.50-61
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• 2001

With the improvement of current medicine, the number of the chronicly ill children are increasing. The illness of the child drives all of the family to despair. especially it is a burden on the mother who takes care of the ill child. She's faced with many emergencies and feels powerless. The home care for a child is for finding a child's problems early and mediating them. The purpose of this study was to investigate the mother's reaction following their chronicly ill child's discharge and to investigate the supporting needs for caring for an ill child. The subjects of this study were mothers with a chronicly ill child being discharged from a general hospital in Seoul and the data was collected from July 20 to September 30. Data was collected by using questionnaires which were developed by the researcher. (The questionnaires were composed of the average 5 points - Likert's method). The Mother's reaction means that the higher the score, the more negative the mother's thoughts about discharge are. Supporting need for caring for ill an child means that the higher the score, the higher the demand of nursing is. The statistical analysis used the SPSS program for t-test. ANOVA, and Pearson Correlation. The results of this study were as follows: 1. The mother's reaction scores following discharge were the lowest. 19 and the highest 72 so that the total average was 43.15. The answer, 'I worry that my baby will be troubled with illness again after discharge gained the high points (3.94 of 5 points). The answer. 'The discharge of my baby makes me gloomy' gained 2.05-it was the lowest points. Their were significant differences according to religion (p=.006). salary (p=.050). the burden of the medical fee (p = .005) and caregiver (p=.027). 2. Supporting Need for caring for ill an child was the lowest 15 and the highest 67. the total average was 47.87. The answer. 'I'd be glad to get a person whom I could always get counsel about the health of my baby with' scored the high point (average 4.04 of 5). The answer. 'Caring for my baby at home makes me exhausted' gained the lowest point. 2.49. Their were significant differences according to religion (p=.019) and diagnosis (p=.019). 3. The relationship between the reaction of the mother and supporting need for caring for an ill child was a positive correlation (r=0.585). In conclusion. this study revealed that mothers weren't positive about their chronicly ill child's discharge and they wanted to get support for caring for an ill child. Through this study. I proposed that the program to support the chronicly ill child at home and home care by continuous counselling after discharge should be develop.

• 근관절건강학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.63-89
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• 1996

This study has been done for the purpose of determining whether the positive association between social support and depression is attributable to an overall beneficial effect of support(direct effect) or to a process of support protecting persons from adverse effects of stressors such as life events, pain or physical disability (buffering effect). The sample consisted of 214 patients who were identified as the rheumatoid arthritis. The instruments used in this study were Depression Scale(CES-D), Perceived Social Support Scale, Life Events Questionnaire, AIMS Pain Scale, and Physical Disability Scale. The data were analysed by the use of t-test, ANOVA, Pearson Correlation Coefficient and Stepwise Multiple Regression. The results of this study are summerized as follows : 1. The 1st hypothesis, "The higher the life events degree, the higher the depression degree" was supported(r=.49, P=.0001). 2. The 2nd hypothesis, "The higher the pain degree, the higher the depression degree" was supported(r=.44, P=.0001). 3. The 3rd hypothesis, "The higher the physical disability degree, the higher the depression degree" was supported (r=.46, P=.0001). 4. The 4th hypothesis, "The higher the social support degree, the lower the depression degree" was supported(F=84.52, P=.0001). 5. The 5th hypothesis, "There will be different in the relationship between the degrees of life events and depression according to social support degree" was rejected (F=.29, P=.5928). 6. The 6th hypothesis, "There will be different in the relationship between the degrees of pain and depression according to social support degree" was supported (F=3.19, P=.0755). 7. The 7th hypothesis, "There will be different in the relationship between the degrees of physical disability and depression according to social support degree" was supported(F=5.69, P=.018). 8. The predictive variables for depression were the degrees for social support, life events, pain, and physical disability. 9. The depression degree showed a inverse correlation with social support degree (r=-.56, p=.0001). The social support degree showed a inverse correlation with the degrees of life events(r=-.22, p=.0007), pain(r=-.18, p=.0069) and physical disability(r=-.15, p=.0293). 10. The depression degree showed significant differences in the variables of sex (t=2.26, p=.025), educational level(r=.189, P=.006) and the number of treatment method (r=.201, P=.003). In conclusion, it was found that social support had the direct effect on depression and the buffering effect in each relationship between degrees of pain or physical disability and depression in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. So the researcher thinks that it is effective that nurses should provide these patients with social support to reduce depression in cases of having severe pain or physical disability.

• 한국지리정보학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.39-50
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• 2019

2012년부터 "지적재조사에 관한 특별법"이 시행됨에 따라 우리나라의 지적재조사사업이 본격적으로 추진되고 있으나 사업예산 확보의 어려움과 도심지역을 중심으로 필지면적 증감에 따른 토지경계 설정 및 조정금 산정, 사업 주체와 토지 소유자 또는 경계를 이웃한 토지소유자 등 이해당사자 간의 의견 대립의 문제가 발생하고 있다. 따라서 이 연구에서는 우리나라보다 앞서 지적재조사를 추진하고 있는 일본의 관민경계제도의 분석을 통해 지적재조사 사업에 있어 경계설정 등 합의사항 추진 시 복잡한 이해관계를 한번에 결정하려하지 말고 이해관계자 대상을 줄여 단계적으로 추진할 필요가 있다. 또한 관민경계 선행조사를 통한 지적재조사의 비용절감 방안도입이 필요함에 따라 MMS를 이용한 정밀도로지도 구축사업등과의 연계, 지적재조사를 위한 선행조사사업 등의 도입, 관민경계기본조사 정보의 중요도와 국토조사정보로의 활용적 가치를 고려하여 도시재생, 도시계획업무 등과 연계추진이라는 방향을 제시하였다.

• 대한교통학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.111-119
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• 2002

SP 방법의 장점중 하나는 개인의 응답자로부터 다수의 응답(Repeated observations)을 받을 수 있는 점이다. 그러나 이렇게 얻은 개인의 다중응답을 각각의 응답이 독립적이라는 것을 가정하고 있는 단순한 모델링방법을 이용해서 분석하면 t값이 상향되는 문제를 가져올 수 있다. 이러한 문제를 다중응답의 문제(Reapeated Measurement Problem)라고 한다 본 연구는 다양한 접근을 통해서 이러한 다중응답의 문제(Reapeated Measurement Problem)를 다루고, 단순한 모델링방법을 통한 모델추정치가 신뢰할 만한가를 검증하도록 한다. 다양한 접근중에서 본 연구에서는 Jackknife와 Kocurs 방법을 적용하였다. Jackknife 방법은 JACKKNIFE란 소프트웨어를 사용해서 분석하였다. Jackknife 추정치와 Kocurs 추정치를 단순한 모델링기법을 적용한 모델추정치와 비교하여서 다중응답의 문제(Repeated Measurement Problem)의 발생여부와 모델추정치에 어느정도 영향을 미치는 지를 분석하였다. 단순모델링의 추정치와 Jackknife 추정치의 표준오차도 비교하였다. 결과를 요약하면. Kocurs방법의 추정치의 t값은 단순한 모델링기법과 Jackknife 추정치의 t값보다 매우 낮게 나타났으며, 이는 Kocurs방법은 파라미터의 유의성을 지나치게 하향추정하는 것을 의미한다. Jackknife 방법의 추정치는 단순한 모델링기법의 추정치와 계수값은 거의 유사하나 t값이 다소 적은 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과들은 단순한 모델링기법의 계수값은 정확하나 유의정도가 다소 과장되는 것을 의미한다. 결론적으로 본 연구에서 사용한 데이터에는 다중응답의 문제가 존재하나 모델추정 티에 유의하게 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다 SP 방법을 사용한 데이터를 분석할 경우 다중응답의 문제(Repeated Measurement Problem)를 분석하는 절차를 반드시 수행하여야 한다. 만약 단순한 모델링기법의 추정치가 다중응답의 문제로 인해서 영향을 받았다면 반드시 모델링 추정치를 보정하여야 한다.

• 한국사회복지학
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• 제55권
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• pp.103-130
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• 2003

이 연구는 지방으로 분산 정착하는 북한이탈주민의 적응상황을 서울 수도권지역의 사람들과 비교 분석하였고 그 결과 노동시장활동, 생활만족도, 민간기관으로부터의 지원내용 등에서 불리한 것으로 나타나 지방정착 북한이탈주민의 지원제도에 정책적 실천적 관심을 기울여야 함을 시사하였다. 이 연구는 이러한 실증분석과 함께 북한이탈주민을 지원하는 전국의 지역사회종합복지관의 사업내용을 분석하였고, 지역차원의 북한이탈주민 지역협의회의 운영현황을 분석하였다. 지방의 사례로서는 부산지역을 선택하였는바 연구의 편의성과 함께 서울수도권지역 이외의 지역으로서 가장 많은 북한이탈주민이 거주하고 이들을 지원하는 민간의 사업이 영세하나마 존재하고 있기 때문이었다. 이 글의 사회복지학 분야의 기여는 기존의 지역사회자원동원과 지역네트워킹에 관련된 이론적 실천적 배경을 북한이탈주민 지원사업분야에 접목하였다는 것이다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.145-154
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• 2019

최근 전 세계적으로 긍정적인 삶의 질에 대한 관심이 증대되면서 이와 반대되는 부정적인 심리 정서인 우울, 불안, 스트레스를 겪는 사람들이 증가하고 있다. 특히 청소년기는 아동에서 성인기로 전환하는 시기로 생애주기에 있어서 신체적 심리적 변화가 많은 시기이다. 본 연구는 청소년이 직접적으로 경험하고 있는 개인적 차원과 사회환경적 차원에서 경험하는 스트레스로 인한 부정적 정서와 청소년의 내적 감정을 보호할 수 있는 고통 감내력을 동시에 고려하여 주관적 안녕감에 어떻게 관련되는지를 파악하고자 한다. 본 연구는 서울, 경기지역 소재의 고등학생 362명의 자료를 최종적으로 사용하였으며, 통계프로그램으로는 SPSS 22.0과 AMOS 22.0 을 사용하여 연구 분석하였다. 연구결과, 첫째 청소년의 우울과 불안은 고통 감내력과 주관적 안녕감에 대해 각 변인 간 유의한 상관관계가 있는 것으로 나타났으며, 특히 주관적 안녕감과 높은 부적 상관이 있음을 나타났다. 둘째, 청소년의 우울과 불안은 고통 감내력과 주관적 안녕감에 부적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 고통 감내력과 주관적 안녕감 모두에서 우울보다 불안이 직접적으로 미치는 영향이 더 큰 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 청소년의 우울, 불안과 주관적 안녕감의 관계에서 고통 감내력은 매개효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 스트레스에 노출된 청소년을 돕고, 주관적 안녕감의 증진방안을 제안하기 위한 기초자료를 제공하였다.