• 한국수산과학회지
• /
• 제55권6호
• /
• pp.875-885
• /
• 2022

This study was performed to confirm the optimal extraction method for antimicrobial peptides from the Hard-shelled mussel. Extractions were performed with two processes including 1% HAc/boiling and 1% HAc/non-boiling methods and used extracts for the comparison of the antimicrobial activity, protease stability, action mechanism, AU-PAGE (acid-urea PAGE), and HPLC chromatograms. 1% HAc/boiling extract showed potent antibacterial activities both against Gram-positive and negative bacterium but 1% HAc/non-boiling extract showed antibacterial activity only against Gram-positive bacteria. Treatment of 1% HAc/boiling extract with proteases retained almost antibacterial activity against B. subtilis, but abolished significant antibacterial activity against E. coli D31. Only 1% HAc/boiling extract showed two discrete clearing antibacterial zones including slow migrating and rapid migrating zones. Both extracts showed strong DNA-binding ability but did not show bacterial membrane permeabilizing ability. In comparison of the chromatogram obtained from C₁₈ or cation-exchange HPLC, the eluted peaks from 1% HAc/boiling extract showed high hydrophobic property or absorbance compared to 1% HAc/non-boiling extract, respectively. The concentration of the purified antimicrobial peptide was also higher in 1% HAc/boiling extract than in 1% HAc/non-boiling extract. Our results suggest that the effective extraction condition for antimicrobial peptides from marine invertebrate is boiling process in a weak acetic acid solution (1%).

• 한국독성학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국독성학회 2003년도 추계학술대회
• /
• pp.117-117
• /
• 2003

Bee Venom (BV) has been treated in inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Bee venom contains several biologically active non-peptide substances as well as two major known peptides; the hemolytic peptide melittin (50%) and the neurotoxic peptide apamin, and a number of minor peptides.(omitted)

• 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한약학회 2003년도 Proceedings of the Convention of the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea Vol.2-2
• /
• pp.93.1-93.1
• /
• 2003

Bee Venom (BV) has been treated in inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Bee venom contains several biologically active non-peptide substances as well as two major known peptides; the hemolytic peptide melittin (50%) and the neurotoxic peptide apamin, and a number of minor peptides. Previous our study showed that BV blocked LPS and SNP-induced production of NO and PG through inactivation of NF-kB which regulates expression of COX-2 and iNOS. (omitted)

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
• /
• 제13권3호
• /
• pp.181-184
• /
• 2005

The solution-phase combinatorial synthesis of iminodiacetic acid triamide libraries linked to 1-(4-chlorobenzhydryl)piperazine has been reported. Ten mixture libraries, each containing 5 components, were synthesized in 4 steps from N-BOC-iminodiacetic acid anhydride. Antibradykinin effects of the mixture and individual libraries were compared using guinea-pig ileum smooth muscle. The changes in the inhibition were also observed by testing the combination of two different compounds from the same library. We found out the correlation between the inhibition of mixtures and that of individual libraries. It is possible to choose the mixtures with relatively high inhibitory effects to find out the most effective individual compound for further synthesis.

• BMB Reports
• /
• 제30권1호
• /
• pp.66-72
• /
• 1997

A mammalian DNA repair enzyme, UV endonuclease III which also functions as a ribosomal protein S3 (rpS3), was purified from mouse cells and characterized. UV endonuclease III was previously cloned and known to yield a peptide of 32 kDa upon expression in E. coli [Kim et al., (1995) J. Bioi. Chem. 270, 13620-13629]. However, biochemically purified UV endonuclease III, which has a sedimentation coefficient of 3.25, appears to have an additional peptide of 28 kDa. It appears that two bands were derived from one complex, judging from the comparison of the nuclease activity on the native and SDS-gel electrophoreses. UV endonuclease III becomes non-specific upon purification and this phenomenon is more significant in the case of pure fractions of the enzyme. Non-specific activity was not influenced by pH or any salt conditions.

• 비만대사연구학술지
• /
• 제2권2호
• /
• pp.71-75
• /
• 2023

Obesity is closely related to chronic diseases and cancer. The present case report aims to discuss the anti-obesity treatment strategy and the evaluation of the clinical progress in a patient with obesity and concurrent fatty liver disease. Following five months of treatment with liraglutide and rosuvastatin, the patient had a weight reduction of 3 kg (4.7%), a decrease in fasting blood sugar by 42 mg/dl (26.6%), a decrease in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol by 82 mg/dl (60.2%), and decrease in alanine transaminase. This case report documented the treatment of a patient with common chronic diseases encountered in the outpatient setting. Based on the therapeutic effects documented in clinical and laboratory indices, the anti-obesity treatment plan significantly aided in managing chronic diseases.

• 한국어병학회지
• /
• 제17권2호
• /
• pp.123-130
• /
• 2004

꿀벌 (Apis mellifera)의 lymph 액으로부터 정제된 항균성 펩타이드인, Apidaecin Ⅰb는 18개의 아미노산 잔기로 구성된 염기성 non-helical 펩타이드이다. 본 연구에서는 우리나라 연안의 적조 (HABs, harmful algal blooms)를 일으키는 4종의 적조생물 (Alexandrium tamarense, Chattonella marina, Cochlodinium polykrikoides 및 Gymnodinium catenatum)에 대한 Apidaecin Ⅰb의 살조효과를 조사하였다. Apidaecin Ⅰb의 4종의 적조생물에 대한 살조효과는 12.5$\mu{g}/mL$부터 50$\mu{g}/mL$에서 세포의 lysis 또는 ecdysis와 같은 형태로 현미경으로 관찰할 수 있었다. 또한 Apidaecin Ⅰb는 C. marina에 대해서 A. tamarense, C. polykrikorides 및 G. catenatum보다 더욱 강한 살조효과를 나타내었다. 이러한 HABs에 대한 Apidaecin Ⅰb의 살조효과 연구는 새로운 살조물질을 개발하기 위한 자료가 될 것으로 생각된다.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
• /
• 제27권5호
• /
• pp.481-491
• /
• 2023

The β subunits of high voltage-gated calcium channels (HGCCs) are essential for optimal channel functions such as channel gating, activation-inactivation kinetics, and trafficking to the membrane. In this study, we report for the first time the potent blood pressure-reducing effects of peptide fragments derived from the β subunits in anesthetized and non-anesthetized rats. Intravenous administration of 16-mer peptide fragments derived from the interacting regions of the β1 [cacb1(344-359)], β2 [cacb2(392-407)], β3 [cacb3(292-307)], and β4 [cacb4(333-348)] subunits with the main α-subunit of HGCC decreased arterial blood pressure in a dose-dependent manner for 5-8 min in anesthetized rats. In contrast, the peptides had no effect on the peak amplitudes of voltage-activated Ca²⁺ current upon their intracellular application into the acutely isolated trigeminal ganglion neurons. Further, a single mutated peptide of cacb1(344-359)-cacb1(344-359)_K357R-showed consistent and potent effects and was crippled by a two-amino acid-truncation at the N-terminal or C-terminal end. By conjugating palmitic acid with the second amino acid (lysine) of cacb1(344-359)_K357R (named K2-palm), we extended the blood pressure reduction to several hours without losing potency. This prolonged effect on the arterial blood pressure was also observed in non-anesthetized rats. On the other hand, the intrathecal administration of acetylated and amidated cacb1(344-359)_K357R peptide did not change acute nociceptive responses induced by the intradermal formalin injection in the plantar surface of rat hindpaw. Overall, these findings will be useful for developing antihypertensives.

• Molecules and Cells
• /
• 제28권4호
• /
• pp.341-345
• /
• 2009

MiRNAs are non-coding RNAs that play a role in the regulation of major processes. The inhibition of miRNAs using antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) is a unique and effective technique for the characterization and subsequent therapeutic targeting of miRNA function. Recent advances in ASO chemistry have been used to increase both the resistance to nucleases and the target affinity and specificity of these ASOs. Peptide nucleic acids (PNAs) are artificial oligonucleotides constructed on a peptide-like backbone. PNAs have a stronger affinity and greater specificity to DNA or RNA than natural nucleic acids and are resistant to nucleases, which is an essential characteristic for a miRNA inhibitor that will be exposed to serum and cellular nucleases. For increasing cell penetration, PNAs were conjugated with cell penetrating peptides (CPPs) at N-terminal. Among the tested CPPs, Tat-modified peptide-conjugated PNAs have most effective function for miRNA inhibition. PNA-based ASO was more effective miRNA inhibitor than other DNA-based ASOs and did not show cytotoxicity at concentration up to 1,000 nM. The effects of PNA-based ASOs were shown to persist for 9 days. Also, PNA-based ASOs showed considerable stability at storage temperature. These results suggest that PNA-based ASOs are more effective ASOs of miRNA than DNA-based ASOs and PNA-based ASO technology, compared with other technologies used to inhibit miRNA activity can be an effective tool for investigating miRNA functions.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
• /
• 제20권3호
• /
• pp.245-255
• /
• 2012

Amyloid-${\beta}$ peptide ($A{\beta}$) is still best known as a molecule to cause Alzheimer's disease (AD) through accumulation and deposition within the frontal cortex and hippocampus in the brain. Thus, strategies on developing AD drugs have been focused on the reduction of $A{\beta}$ in the brain. Since accumulation of $A{\beta}$ depends on the rate of its synthesis and clearance, the metabolic pathway of $A{\beta}$ in the brain and the whole body should be carefully explored for AD research. Although the synthetic pathway of $A{\beta}$ is equally important, we summarize primarily the clearance pathway in this paper because the former has been extensively reviewed in previous studies. The clearance of $A{\beta}$ from the brain is accomplished by several mechanisms which include non-enzymatic and enzymatic pathways. Nonenzymatic pathway includes interstitial fluid drainage, uptake by microglial phagocytosis, and transport across the blood vessel walls into the circulation. Multiple $A{\beta}$-degrading enzymes (ADE) implicated in the clearance process have been identified, which include neprilysin, insulin-degrading enzyme, matrix metalloproteinase-9, glutamate carboxypeptidase II and others. A series of studies on $A{\beta}$ clearance mechanism provide new insight into the pathogenesis of AD at the molecular level and suggest a new target for the development of novel therapeutics.