• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
• /
• v.18 no.1
• /
• pp.73-97
• /
• 2015

Various types of government R&D support are available for activating businesses by small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs). However, most existing studies on this topic are focused only on the financial aspect. Interest in non-financial R&D support from the government has recently grown due to the limited provision of government financial support. In this study, government R&D support for SMEs was categorized into financial and non-financial strategies. Performance in terms of technological innovation by type was also analyzed. Furthermore, as R&D performance could vary according to the characteristics of the firms, the study classified performance variables into technological development possibility, technology intensity and technology uniqueness. The relationship between the types of support and the characteristics of the performance was also examined. Based on the results, it was found that government R&D support positively influences the SMEs' technological performance. However, the level of financial support does not significantly influence the technological uniqueness. As such, it is expected that effects from the increase in quantity of government R&D support are limited.

• Journal of Distribution Science
• /
• v.13 no.4
• /
• pp.65-76
• /
• 2015

Purpose - This article aims to present and test a model regarding franchisors' supporting activities that may positively influence franchisees' attitude toward the franchising headquarter and their own business performance. Moreover, the authors examine the moderating effect of competitive intensity between franchisee attitude and business performance. Most previous research focused on behavioral performance measurements such as satisfaction, trust, and commitment. There are few empirical studies that focus on financial performance data because it is difficult to determine a relational mechanism between behavioral and financial performance. Moreover, financial data is confidential and difficult to collect in many cases. However, this study measures financial performance (e.g., sales revenue per square meter) differently than most previous research, which is mostly focused on the behavioral performance measurements. Research design, data, and methodology - To test our hypotheses, we selected 137 franchisee managers who are running chains of one of the foremost bakery franchise brands in South Korea. This study carefully investigated the reliability, content validity, convergent validity, and discriminant validity of the proposed instrument by analyzing the data obtained from the samples. The data was analyzed using the AMOS structural equation modeling program. Results - The results indicated that: non-financial support activities (e.g., information exchange and communication) had a positive impact on the franchisee attitude toward the franchising headquarter. The franchisee attitude in turn had a positive effect on the headquarters' business performance. Furthermore, competitive intensity could enhance the relationship between franchisee attitude toward franchising headquarter and business performance in a local franchise market. However, financial support activities (e.g., rewards and promotional support) and training had no relationship with either franchisee attitude or business performance. Conclusions - This study provides some practical implications to franchisors in terms of franchise operation and store opening strategies. With respect to the franchise operation strategy, franchisors need to focus on non-financial rather than financial support. Most franchisees consider the necessity of financial support activities and not their sufficiency because these activities are specified in their franchise contract. In addition, it is important for franchisees to maintain a positive attitude for the franchise headquarters. The franchisees with a positive attitude for the franchisor can show a high degree of solidarity for various support activities, and it consequently determines franchisees' sales performance. In terms of franchise store opening strategy, this study suggests an additional criterion that can be considered in determining the location of direct and non-direct management stores (e.g., franchisees' stores). In this research, franchise stores located within high level of competitive intensity are shown to have a high relationship between franchisee attitudes of franchisor support activities and business performance compared to the franchisees located within low competitive intensity level. This result shows that opening non-direct franchise stores is more effective than direct stores in higher competitive market situations. Research contribution, implications, and further research directions are discussed at the end of the paper.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
• /
• v.43 no.3
• /
• pp.122-134
• /
• 2020

As globalization has been progressed, companies faced a situation in which it was difficult to secure global competitiveness only with their internal management systems. To overcome this, Supply Chain Management (SCM) emerged, which optimizes the whole supply chain process from suppliers to demand companies. In this study, it was analyzed that the effects of customer integration among the integration factors of SCM, and market orientation among the strategic orientations on management performances such as non-financial performance and financial performance through a mediating role of flexibility. At this time, it was analyzed whether CEO's support has a moderating effect on the influence of the market orientation. As a result of analysis, the customer integration was found to have an indirect effect on the non-financial performance and the financial performance through the flexibility. The market orientation was found to have a direct effect on the non-financial performance and at the same time, indirectly affected it through the flexibility. In addition, it was shown that more the level of CEO's support, higher the influence of the market orientation. This moderating effect had an indirect effect on the financial performance. Based on the above findings, various implications for improving management performance were proposed. This study suggests that investments in computerization such as ERP and smart factories can improve supply chain management performance and ultimately improve customer satisfaction and financial performance.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
• /
• v.34 no.2
• /
• pp.15-27
• /
• 2016

This study examined intergenerational contact and financial support exchange between parents and each of their non-coresident married children. Prior qualitative work has suggested that increased contact between parents and their married daughters may indicate a decline in patrilineal norms in contemporary Korean families. Using a nationally representative sample, this study investigated if married daughters engage in similar levels of intergenerational contact and financial support exchange with their parents in contrast to their married brothers (first-born sons in particular). The data were drawn from the first wave of the Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing (KLoSA, 2006). For analyses, individuals who had at least one non-coresident married child were selected, resulting in the analytic sample of 3,950 parents with 10,947 non-coresident married children. Both regression with robust standard errors and sibling fixed effects regression models were estimated using the reg and xtreg procedures in STATA. Residential proximity and sociodemographic characteristics of both parents and children were controlled in analyses. Findings suggest that, overall, parents report more frequent face-to-face contact with and financial support from their first-born sons in comparison to other sons and daughters. Daughters, on the other hand, were found to engage in more frequent contact via phone call, mail, or email with their parents. In conclusion, we did not find a strong evidence to support the contention that patrilineal norms have softened in contemporary Korean families to the extent that has been suggested in qualitative studies.

• Journal of Korea Society of Digital Industry and Information Management
• /
• v.8 no.4
• /
• pp.245-261
• /
• 2012

This study thus set out to empirically analyze connections between the success factors of marketing and management performance in the silver industry. For that purpose, the investigator analyzed relations between independent variables, which include such success factors of marketing as market segmentation, product mix, customer relational management, brand asset, price strategy, and marketing information system, and dependent ones, which include financial and non-financial management performance. Those results partially support the hypothesis that the six success factors of marketing set in the study have effects on financial and non-financial management performance in the silver industry. Customer relational management had the biggest influence, being followed by brand asset and price strategy in the order. Those results indicate that companies need to consider customer relational management, brand asset, and price strategy before other success factors of marketing to achieve financial and non-financial management performance in the silver industry.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
• /
• v.29 no.4
• /
• pp.125-145
• /
• 2011

The purposes of this study were to examine low-income households' financial statuses and the socio-economic characteristics of single-person and non-single person households according to the financial indexes used for evaluating financial security and growth status developed based on financial ratios. Using 2009 KLIPS(Korean Labor & Income Panel Survey) data collected by the Korean Labor Institute, the satisfaction levels from the indexes were analyzed and compared between the two household types. The results showed that 46.0% of single-person households were not satisfactory in terms of all financial growth indexes but were partially satisfactory in terms of all financial security indexes. These householders tended to be females and in the their 70s, who lived in Seoul or in a suburb of Seoul, Korea. They reported problems with a lack of financial growth possibilities. 47.0% of non-single person households were not satisfactory in terms of all financial growth indexes but were partially satisfactory in terms of all financial security indexes. These householders tended to be males in their 60s and 70s with no job who were living in Seoul or in a suburb of Seoul, Korea. They reported having low level of liquidity and high level of debt redemption. 42.6% of single-person households were not satisfactory in terms of both financial security and growth indexes partially. These householders tended to be females in their 20s or 70s who were living in rural areas. They reported problems related to an adverse balance between household income and expenditures and a large scale of debt. 43.1% of non-single households were not satisfactory in terms of both financial security and growth indexes partially. These householders tended to be males in their 60s or 70s and homeowners. They reported problem related to an adverse balance of household income and expenditures and high a level of housing expenditures and liquidity. The research findings have implication for policy makers considering financial support programs and welfare programs for low-income householders, considering the recent changes in households structures.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
• /
• v.16 no.4
• /
• pp.135-165
• /
• 2009

The major purpose of this study is to identify the factors influencing the implementation performance of ERP Systems from an integrated viewpoint. For this purpose, a research model is developed based on the literature reviews of ERP systems, contingency theory, and change management theory. The research model proposed fifteen variables as the factors influencing the implementation performance in the ERP systems. The data have been collected from the 164 enterprises which implemented ERP systems at least one year ago. The respondents were person in charge of ERP system of each corporation. The results of hypothesis testing through multiple regression analysis are summarized as follows. Firstly, standardization of work, concentration of decision making, top management concern and support, real user participation, project support goodness, ease of use, and system usefulness have positive influence upon non-financial performance. Secondly, market uncertainty, industrial competition, project support goodness, and customization minimization have positive influence upon financial performance. From the analysis, this research have identified important characteristics for the successful implementation of ERP systems. Consequently, this research ends with managerial and theoretical implications of the study results, as well as limitations and future research directions.

• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
• /
• v.47 no.2
• /
• pp.43-59
• /
• 2016

This study investigated the difference of the effects of public loan programs in fishery industry on management performance from a balanced score card (BSC) perspective depending on the type of loan, scale of fund, period of support and business category, using the financial data of fisheries firms having the balance of loan at the end of 2014. The key factors influencing credit rating change were also analyzed after public loan support. From a integrative perspective, results show that the firms supported by working fund have higher management performance than the firms supported by facility fund. The firms received large scale fund showed higher management performance than the firms received small scale fund. While management performance was decreasing or slowing down over time after financial support, management performance of the firms supported by facility fund improved over time. From a non-financial perspective, the firms received facility fund invested more in education and growing perspective than the firms received working fund. As the size of fund increased, the investment in education, growing, internal process and customer increased. Personnel expenses and employee benefits for education and growing has increased over time. However, the firms with facility fund restricted the expenses of education, personnel expenses and employee benefits as time goes by. Because the effects of public loan on credit rating of fisheries corporations have no statistical significance, it has become known that the financial support of public loan program has no influence on the change of credit rating of fisheries corporations. This study attempted performance analysis from a BSC perspective which combine factors of non-financial perspective with factors of financial perspective. Findings from this study suggest the direction of microscopic performance analysis of public loan in fishery industry.

• Journal of Venture Innovation
• /
• v.5 no.4
• /
• pp.157-178
• /
• 2022

The economy has deteriorated worldwide due to COVID-19, and the domestic economy has also been hit hard. Accordingly, the government implemented unprecedented financial support policies related to COVID-19 to solve the financial difficulties experienced by SMEs. In addition, as the spread of COVID-19 continued, the government implemented guidelines and measures along with recommendations for non-face-to-face contact. Organizations in the public and private sectors have introduced non-face-to-face work methods. Considering this situation, this study investigated the impact of COVID-19-related financial support policies on technological innovation of SMEs. External support is important for corporate innovation, but internal capabilities are also important. Therefore, the effect of entrepreneurship on product innovation was identified. In addition, as the non-face-to-face work method was activated, the effect of smart work was identified by comparing companies that introduced smart work and companies that did not. As a result of the analysis, entrepreneurship showed a positive (+) effect regardless of the introduction of smart work. Financial support policies related to COVID-19 were found to show mixed results according to the type of support.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
• /
• v.25 no.3
• /
• pp.155-164
• /
• 2014

The purpose of the study was to explore expectations of workforce entry preparers from non-capital regions on post-college housing and financial support from their parents. From July 26 to August 8, 2013, an on-line questionnaire survey was conducted to juniors and seniors in colleges nationwide and 692 useable responses were collected from college students who were from non-capital regions. Findings from this study are summarized as follows: (1) About 44% of the respondents expected to live apart from their parents and other relatives within two years from their college graduation and 48% of them expected to live in Seoul Metropolitan Area; (2) among those who expected to live apart from their parents and other relatives, 61% expected to be monthly renters; 75% expected to live in small-sized units such as studios; 85% expected parental support to afford post-college housing costs; (3) female respondents, younger respondents and/or respondents with a greater parent income showed more stronger expectation on parental support to afford housing costs; and (4) most respondents perceived influence of housing cost burden strong enough to affect their job choices.