• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers D
• /
• v.53 no.9
• /
• pp.650-656
• /
• 2004

This paper presents block and timing diagrams of the DWA(data weighted averaging) to optimize a feedback time delay of the sigma-delta modulator. Through the Matlab modeling, the optimized coefficients of the integrators are obtained to design the modulator. And then the fully differential SC integrators, feedback DAC, 9-level quantizer, and DWA are designed by considering the nonideal characteristics of the modulator. The designed second-order multibit modulator is fabricated in a 0.35$\mu\textrm{m}$ CMOS process. The designed modulator achieves 73dB signal-to-noise ratio and 72dB dynamic range at 1.2Vp-p 585kHz input singal and 52.8MHz sampling frequency.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
• /
• v.3 no.2
• /
• pp.69-90
• /
• 1984

본 논문에서는 잡음 spectrum 변형 기능을 가진 APCM, ADPCM 및 ADM 음성 부호기의 성능 에 관해서 연구하였다. 잡은 SPECTRUM 변형방식은 두가지를 고려할 수 있는데, APCM과 ADPCM에 서는 C-massage weighting 된 양자화 잡음을 최소화하는 noise feedback filter를 이용하는 방법을 채택 하고, ADM에서는 in-band의 잡음의 일부를 신호대역의 밖으로 옮기는 방법을 사용하였다. APCM 과 ADPCM 부호기의 성능을 측정하는데는 주파수가 weighting이 된 신호대 잡음비와 segment된 FWSQNR를 사용하였다. 실제음성을 사용한 simulation 결과에 의하면 잡음 spectrum 변형기능을 가진 부호기가 없는 것보다 0.5 내지 3dB 가량 좋은 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 개선은 양적으로 비교적 적은 것이 사실이지만 실제로 음성을 들어보면 음질이 현저히 좋아짐을 알 수 있었다.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
• /
• v.22 no.3
• /
• pp.539-546
• /
• 1997

In this paper, we proposed a new mehtod to analyze the performance degradation by timing jitters in the APD (avalanche photodiode) receivers of intensity modulation/direct detection digital optical communication systems where raised cosine pulse-shaping filters are used to reduce the effect of noise while minimizing intersymbol interferences. The proposed analytical method is an extension of an analytical method we have already developed for pin diode receivers, and incorporates the effects of APD's multiplication factor and resulting shot noise. Using the proposed analytical method, we derive an approximated power penalty due to timing jitters based on an assumption of Gaussian distribution for timing jitters, and compare with that of the conventional analytical method. The results obtained from the proposed analytical method show that conventional analytical methods underestimate the influence of timing jitters on the reciver performance. The results also show that APD's multiplication factor which optimizes receiver sensitivity is smaller than that obtained by the conventional analytical method.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
• /
• v.42 no.12
• /
• pp.111-116
• /
• 2005

We propose a BASK (Binary Amplitude Shift Keying) system for Giga-bit Modem in millimeter band. The proposed system consists of a high speed shutter of the transmitter and a repeater of the receiver. The shutter of the proposed system is introduced for pulse shaping to improve the intersymbol interference (ISI). The repeater consists of several stage converters. A converter is constructed with a low pass filter and a limiter. The repeater can improve the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and make the rectangular pulse train. The proposed system is a simple system that uses conversion method without IF (Intermediate Frequency) process.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
• /
• v.49 no.11
• /
• pp.149-156
• /
• 2012

A digital input class-D audio amplifier is presented for digital hearing aid. The class-D audio amplifier is composed of digital and analog circuits. The analog circuit converts a digital input to a analog audio signal (DAC) with noise suppression in the audio band. An interpolated digital delta-sigma modulator is used to convert data types between digital signal processor (DSP) and digital-to-analog converter (DAC). An 16-bit, 25-kbps pulse code modulated (PCM) input is interpolated to 16-bit, 50-kbps by a digital filter. The output signal of interpolation filter is noise-shaped by a third-order digital sigma-delta modulator (SDM). As a result, 1.5-bit, 3.2-Mbps signal is applied to simple digital to analog converter.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
• /
• v.21 no.5
• /
• pp.1291-1296
• /
• 2007

The expressions of c-Fos and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) represent neuronal activity and play' a crucial role in the shaping of the development of brain. During the late pregnancy, stresses may influence neuronal activity of prenatal rats. In the present study, the effects of prenatal noise and music on the expressions of c-Fos and NOS in the hippocampus of rat pups were investigated. Exposure to the noise during pregnancy decreased c-Fos and NOS expressions in the hippocampus of rat pups, whereas exposure to music during pregnancy increased c-Fos and NOS expressions in the hippocampus of rat pups. The present results show that prenatal music stimulation may increase neuronal activity of rat offspring, whereas exposure to noise during pregnancy may reduce the neuronal activity of offspring. The present study suggests that prenatal stimuli including noise and music could affect the fetal brain development.

• Transactions of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering
• /
• v.22 no.3
• /
• pp.275-283
• /
• 2012

This paper presents a design method of a robust tracking controller satisfying multiple constraints using genetic algorithm. A robust $H_{\infty}$ constraint with loop shaping is used to address disturbance attenuation with error limits and a loop gain constraint is considered so as not to enlarge the tracking loop gain and bandwidth unnecessarily. The robust $H_{\infty}$ constraint is expressed by a matrix inequality and the loop gain constraint is considered as an objective function so that genetic algorithm can be applied. Finally, a robust tracking controller can be obtained by integrating genetic algorithm with LMI approach. The proposed tracking controller design method is applied to the track-following system of an optical DVD recording drive and is evaluated through the experimental results.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
• /
• v.41 no.9
• /
• pp.107-114
• /
• 2004

This paper presents block and timing diagrams of the DWA(Data Weighted Averaging) to optimize a feedback time delay of the sigma-delta modulator. Through the MATLAB modeling, the optimized coefficients of the integrators are obtained to design the modulator. The fully differential SC integrators, feedback DAC, 9-level quantizer, and DWA are designed by considering the nonideal characteristics of the modulator. The designed third-order multibit modulator is fabricated in a 0.35${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ CMOS process. The modulator achieves 75dB signal-to-noise ratio and 74dB dynamic range at 1.2Vp-p 825kHz input signal and 52.8MHE sampling frequency.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
• /
• 2007.11a
• /
• pp.1014-1017
• /
• 2007

Sound focusing technologies has been studied for various purposes from early 1990s. As a result, these technologies make us possible to apply in many uses. For example, we can treat tumors using focused ultrasonic waves without surgical knife and communicate in the ocean using time reversal array. Also applications for personal audio system become issues. Recently, as technologies are developing, in some applications, needs for regional focusing become increasing because previously suggested focusing methods, such as phase conjugation, time reversal and inverse filtering, were all about a point focusing. Therefore, studies on regional focusing method are essentially needed. Regional focusing method was firstly mentioned by Choi and Kim in 2002: acoustic contrast control. However, in regional focusing, physical interpretations between control variables and results are still not easy because of its complexity. In this regard, we tried to understand the relations between control variables and results in wavenumber domain and suggested a solution method for regional focusing: wavenumber spectrum matching. We also showed how to make spatially focused sound shape using the suggested method from the simplest case: line focusing.

• Journal of IKEEE
• /
• v.17 no.4
• /
• pp.511-516
• /
• 2013

This paper presents a SDM using the FDPA technique. The FDPA technique is the added feedback path which is the delayed path of DAC output. The designed SDM increases the SNR by adding the delayed digital feedback path. The proposed SDM is easily implemented by eliminating the analog feedback path. Through the MATLAB modeling, the optimized coefficients are obtained to design the SDM. The designed SDM has a power consumption of $220{\mu}W$ and SNR(signal to noise ratio) of 81dB at the signal-bandwidth of 20KHz and sampling frequency of 2.56MHz. The SDM is designed using the $0.18{\mu}m$ standard CMOS process.