• Journal of Mushroom
• /
• v.5 no.1
• /
• pp.39-42
• /
• 2007

This study was carried out to characterize virus-like particles (VLPs) in Pleurotus ostreatus. The white and the dark gray mutants frequently observed in mushroom farms of Pleurotus ostreatus (Wonhyeong-neutari). A 5.8kb segments of dsRNA was detected only in the white mutants but not in the dark gray mutants. The VLPs were purified from the fruit bodies by Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) and ultracentrifugation. Electron microscopy analysis showed that VLPs were isometric about 14, 20~45nm in diameter. Further study is needed to reveal the morphological and yield variations of mushroom strains including VLPs observed in the mushroom farms. Also it is needed to maintain fundamental research for taxonomy, diagnosis, and physiology of VLPs in the mushroom strains.

• Journal of Mushroom
• /
• v.4 no.1
• /
• pp.33-38
• /
• 2006

Bottle cultivation was conducted to clarify varietal differences and physiological characteristics of oyster mushroom under different temperatures. Mushroom pinheading and yield in each temperature showed different results according to the strains. Specially, Weonhyeong3-ho could not sprout over $16.5^{\circ}C$, but after pinheading at $13^{\circ}C$, its fruitbody was able to grow normally at all tested temperatures. Sambok, a high temperature strain, sprouted at $10^{\circ}C$ and then withered up. Fruitbody of this strain obtained at $13^{\circ}C$ could not grow normally at $10^{\circ}C$ and $25^{\circ}C$ conditions. Colour of fruitbodies turned close to white at high temperature. On the other hand, at low temperature, strains with gray fruitbody changed close to black and those with brown fruitbody turned to dark brown. With regards to fruiting trait, pinheading aspects were good even at low temperature. Those were, however, uneven and sprouted in patches and resulted in low quality and productivity as the temperature increased. When black fruitbody at $13^{\circ}C$ were moved to $23^{\circ}C$ and then to $13^{\circ}C$ again, colour of fruitbody turned to white and then recovered to blackish gray. These results confirmed that the colour of fruitbody responds to cultivation temperature.

• Journal of Mushroom
• /
• v.3 no.3
• /
• pp.95-99
• /
• 2005

Carbon dioxide($CO_2$) promotes development of primordia and depress differentiation of sporophore and gill containing basidia, have an effect on quality. This experiments were conducted to elucidate optimal level of $CO_2$ for king oyster mushroom(Pleurotus eryngii). King oyster mushroom was cultivated under 1,600, 2,400, and 3,200ppm $CO_2$. Harvest ratio in normal plot were 98.6, 99.3, and 93.8% at 1,600, 2,400, 3,200ppm, respectively, so 2,400ppm is optimal. The yield per bottle was 102.5g at 2,400ppm, better than 99.7g at 1,600ppm, The $CO_2$ concentration of 2,400ppm was also the best condition for quality, 6.1 at 2,400ppm was 115% of 1,600ppm's. In thinning treatment plot, quality at 2,400ppm was 9.5 better than 1,600ppm whose quality was 9.4. The yields per bottle were 90.7, 98.2, 77.3g at 1,600, 2,400, 3,200ppm respectively. These results show that 2,400ppm was optimal $CO_2$ concentration for quantity of King Oyster mushroom as well as quality.

• Journal of Mushroom
• /
• v.13 no.4
• /
• pp.330-333
• /
• 2015

This study was carried out to compare the anti-inflammation effects of various fruiting body of Ganoderma species and Cordyceps militaris, Phelinus linteus extracts. We concentrated Ganoderma species and other medicinal mushrooms by extracting with ethanol. And We made it $100{\mu}g/ml$ concentration. As a result of nitrite scavenging activity, in the contrast to the positive control; Ascorbic acid was 25%, ASI 7080 of Ganoderma species was disappeared up to around 40%. And in the contrast to Ascorbic acid was 55%, ASI 7002 was 78.5% that was the highest anti-inflammation effect in the result of "No assay test". The Cordyceps militaris showed 75% and Hericium erinaceus showed 59.7% of anti-inflammation effect. As a result of the fungus yield control test of $TNF-{\alpha}$ through ELISA method to ASI 7002 of Ganoderma species that showed the highest anti-inflammation, it was reduced as same as LPS non-treatment. We extracted RNA from ASI 7002 Ganoderma species 10, 50, $100{\mu}g/ml$ concentration and LPS $10{\mu}g/ml$ of Raw 264.7 cell. And we tested the expression of iNOS, COX-2 and TNF-a that are kinds of inflammation gene after synthesizing RNA with cDNA. Finally we could find that iNOS, COX-2 and TNF-a were all controlled expression in the result of above experiment.

• Journal of Mushroom
• /
• v.9 no.1
• /
• pp.17-21
• /
• 2011

Dahyang, a CNARES's newly bred cultivar, is a CM061202 strain isolated and selected from 161 single-spores of brown button mushroom. It was selected as a new cultivar after comparison of yield, mycelial growth and quality with No. 705. Mycelial growth of Dahyang on compost extract mushroom complete medium at $25^{\circ}C$ for 15 days was 63mm when it was compared with that of No. 705 with 38mm. The cultivation temperature of Dahyang was 15 to $19^{\circ}C$ which was $2^{\circ}C$ higher than that of No. 705 with 15 to $19^{\circ}C$ cultivated on rice straw bed. The color of pileus of Dahyang was brown. Pinhead producing period was 30 days which is 1 day late than that of No. 705 with 29 days. Dahyang yielded 37% more with $49.1kg/3.3m^2$ than that of No. 705 with $35.8kg/3.3m^2$, respectively. The weight was 16.0g which was heavier than 14.0g of No. 705. The thickness and diameter were also more than those of No. 705. The stipe was shorter and thicker than that of No. 705. Also physical characteristics such as hardness and elasticity were better than that of No. 705.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
• /
• v.9 no.1
• /
• pp.269-274
• /
• 1982

These studies were conducted to evaluate the bulk pasteurization system in comparison with the conventional mushroom growing technique of and to establish the phase II fermentation method for the system. The results obtained were as follows. 1. From the mushroom compost peak-heated in the bulk pasteurization system higher mushroom yield was obtained than that of the conventional method. 2. The compost fermented in the bulk pasteurization system showed poor mycelial growth and low crop. It was caused by the imperfect blower and its operation, not by ununiform moisture content of the compost and ununiform filling. 3. A bulk pasteurization system which modified the mushroom house was not proper for the fermentation of the mushroom compost and the sporophore yields were lower than the standard pasteurization system. 4. In the bulk pasteurization system, peak-heating time, phase II period and quality of the compost were influenced by the air temperature but its effects were not more significant than those of the conventional method. 5. During phase II in the bulk pasteurization system moisture content of the compost at filling did not affect the fermentation of the compost.

• Journal of Mushroom
• /
• v.15 no.1
• /
• pp.25-30
• /
• 2017

'Baekseung', a new variety of Flammulina velutipes, was bred by mating two monokaryotic strains isolated from KMCC 4210 and KMCC 4216 in the Mushroom Research Division, Baekseung ARES in 2016. The Baekseung and Uri1ho strains showed fast mycelial growth and mycelial density on malt extract agar media after 7 days of incubation. The spawn running period on the sawdust substrate required a cultivation period and temperature of 30 days and $25^{\circ}C$, respectively, for primordia formation where in fruiting body development occurred from $11{\pm}1days$ at $14^{\circ}C$ and $14{\pm}1days$ at $7^{\circ}C$. The length of the pilei and stipes of the Baekseung harvested in optimal stag were $11.3{\pm}0.4$ and $89.2{\pm}7.1mm$, respectively, whereas the values for Uri1ho were $10.7{\pm}1.0$ and $91.3{\pm}20.8mm$, respectively. The yield of the Baekseung and Uri1ho strain grown on the sawdust substrate was $153.7{\pm}12.5$ and $139.8{\pm}17.8g$, respectively, per 850 ml in bottle cultivation. The inferred tree exhibited a phylogenetic relationship between the Korean white fruiting body strains of Baekseung, Uri1ho and Fv-14-a-38, Fv-14-a-51, and the Japanese white fruiting body-forming strains of KMCC 4226, and these were confirmed to be genetically related.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.37 no.11
• /
• pp.1395-1400
• /
• 2008

This study was aimed to analyze the nutritional components and anticancer properties of Haesongi mushroom (Hypsizigus marmoreus), which has been recently available in Korea, to estimate its nutritional and functional values. Fruit body of Haesongi mushroom was investigated for its proximate components and mineral contents. Its water and ethanol extracts were compared for nutritional components such as $\beta$-glucan, protein, and total sugar. Anticancer effects of both extracts were measured against human cancer cell lines in vitro. This mushroom contained high protein (22.63%), total dietary fiber (30.80%), and K (3383.3 mg/100 g). The water extract contained more nutritional components such as $\beta$-glucan (9.32 mg/g), protein (17.71%), and total sugar (39.93%), compared with the ethanol extract. Moreover the extraction yield of the water extract was higher than the ethanol extract. The growth inhibitory effects of the water extract (5 mg/mL) on AGS, HepG2, and SW480 human cancer cells were 90.61, 75.43, and 58.49%, respectively. However, the ethanol extract showed 81.79, 49.90, and 25.71% growth inhibition, respectively. In this study, it is demonstrated that water is a more efficient solvent than ethanol for extracting nutritional and functional components from Haesongi mushroom.

• Journal of Mushroom
• /
• v.8 no.1
• /
• pp.37-40
• /
• 2010

This study was carried out to develop the best medium of new oyster mushroom for bottle culture. The new oyster mushroom cv. Miso is a Pleurotus ostreatus developed at the Chungnam Agricultural Research & Extension Services. For the bottle culture media, poplar sawdust+beet pulp+cottonseed meal (5:3:2), poplar sawdust+wheat husk meal (8:2), poplar sawdust+beet pulp+cottonseed meal (6:2:2), poplar sawdust+beet pulp+cottonseed meal (4:4:2), and poplar sawdust+beet pulp+wheat husk meal (7:1:2) were used in 850cc PP bottle. The pH was 5~6 and the C/N ratio 19.7~28.3 in bottle culture media. The time of pinhead formation was 5 to 6 days. For the fruiting body formation after inoculation took 29~31 days. The yield of fruiting body of poplar sawdust+beet pulp+wheat husk meal (7:1:2) medium was the highest at 110.4g/bottle compared to other media. Therefore, such cultivation medium would be appropriate for the commercial production of bottle culture in the new oyster mushroom 'Miso'.

• Journal of Mushroom
• /
• v.13 no.3
• /
• pp.228-232
• /
• 2015

'Nongjin-go' is a new breed strain of Lentinula edodes, saw-dust bag variety. It is a cross combination of dikaryon Lentinula edodes ASI 3305mut and monokaryon L5-16 of L. edodes ASI 3305(Sanjo701ho). We crossbred them by 2011 and verified productive capacity from 2012 to 2013 in Rural Development Administration. Optimum temperature of mycelial growth is $30^{\circ}C$ and it of fruit-body primodium formation is range from 15 to $23^{\circ}C$. Nongjigo is agricultured at mid-high temperature well. Fruiting body is platy-hemisphere, light brown and centralizing. And bast is formed around edge of pileus. Yield productions per period is regular than 'Sanjo701'. Plastic bag culture medium is 1.5 kilogram and culture periods are 90~100 days. As its browning of pileus in culture is a little slow, Light and ventilation is needed a lot in light-culturing. Humidity is controlled properly for its color in fruit-body growing. Tested culture medium is consisted of 80% Oak-Tree saw-dust and 20% rice-bran.