• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.506-512
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• 2009

The antimicrobial activity of water and ethanol extracts from 30 species of algae was measured using the agar diffusion method and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) test. In agar diffusion method, the 95% ethanol extracts from 12 of the algae showed growth inhibition against the tested microorganisms. In particular, Ishige okamurai, Ecklonia stolonifera, Sargassum siliquastrum, Sargassum thunbergii, Colpomenia bullosa, and Ecklonia cava had strong antibacterial activities against Gram-positive bacteria at 4 mg/mL. In the results of the MIC test, S. siliquastrum showed the most antimicrobial activity, where its MIC values ranged from 0.005 to 0.0075% against Listeria monocytogenes, Clostridium perfringens, and Basillus subtilis. In the thermal stability test, for the ethanol extracts of I. okamurai, E. cava, S. siliquastrum, S. thunbergii, and C. bullosa, the extracts proved to maintain high antimicrobial activities when they were treated at $121^{\circ}C$ for 15 min. In the pH stability test, the antimicrobial activity of the S. siliquastrum ethanol extract was stable from pH 2 to 10, whereas the activity of the other species ethanol extracts were weakened under pH 10 against several microbes.

• Journal of Photoscience
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.127-132
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• 1997

Acanthamoeba strains were photoirradiated in the presence of light-sensitive organic peroxides (hydroperoxynaphthalimide derivatives) including a Photo-Fenton reagent at 366 nm. The survival rates of Acantharnoeba strains determined after 20 h culture showed a significant decrease only upon photoirradiated conditions. The most effective hydroperoxynaphthalimides among these compounds was the bromohydroperoxynaphthalimide (Br-HPO II). The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of Br-HPO II is 100 times lower than that of hydrogen peroxide.

• Mycobiology
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.248-250
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• 2003

Kojic acid was investigated for its antifungal activity against the human pathogenic fungi including Candida albicans, Cryptococcus neoformans and Trichophyton rubrum. For C. albicans, C. neoformans and T. rubrum, the MIC(minimum inhibitory concentration) of kojic acid was 640, 80 and 160 ${\mu}g/ml$, respectively. In C. neoformans, melanin-producing yeast, kojic acid-treated nonmelanized cell was more susceptible to magainin than melanized cell, suggesting melanin give a protective function against microbial peptide.

• 대한약침학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.41-47
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• 2009

Objectives : This experimental study was performed to investigate the efficacy of Fel Ursi, Bovis Calculus & Moschus pharmacopuncture solution manufactured with freezing dryness method to use eye drop. Methods : After administering Fel Ursi, Bovis Calculus & Moschus pharmacopuncture solution on bacterial species(Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Aspergillus niger, Fusarium oxysporum, Candida albicans) which cause Keratitis, MIC(Minimum Inhibition Concentration) and the size of inhibition zone were measured. Anti-bacterial potency was also measured using the size of inhibition zone. Results : There was no response to MIC on bacterial species(Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Aspergillus niger, Fusarium oxysporum, Candida albicans) after Fel Ursi, Bovis Calculus & Moschus pharmacopuncture solution was medicated. Conclusions : The present study suggests that Fel Ursi, Bovis Calculus & Moschus pharmacopuncture solution dosen't have anti-bacterial effects on bacterial species(Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Aspergillus niger, Fusarium oxysporum, Candida albicans) which cause Keratitis. These study result recommends that more research on other herbal medicines of eye drop for Keratitis are required.

• 대한약침학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.101-110
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• 2010

Objectives : This experimental study was performed to investigate the effect of Fel Ursi & Bovis Calculus pharmacopuncture solution(FUBCPS) manufactured by using alcohol/water extraction method for identify ing the use of it as eyedrops. Methods: FUBCPS was manufactured by using alcohol/water extraction method. Measure the size of inhibition zone and MIC(Minimum Inhibition Concentration) after administering FUBCPS on bacterial species. Staphylococcus aureus. Staphylococcus epidermidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Aspergillus niger, Fusarium oxysporum and Candida albicans, which cause keratitis. Administering cravit(Levonoxacin medicine) on bacterial species also performed to compare the anti-bacterial potency of this material, measured by using the size of inhibition zone Results : After administering FUBCPS on bacterial species(Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Aspergillus niger, Fusarium oxysporum, Candida albicans). there was no response to MIC and there was no anti -bacterial potency also. Conclusions : This study suggests that FUBCPS dose not have anti-bacterial effects on bacterial species which cause Keratitis. These study result recommends that we need to research more on herbal medicines of eye drop which have anti-bacterial effects on keratitis

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.515-523
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• 2015

In the study reported here, the antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of the ethanol leaf extract of Dendropanax morbiferus Lev. from Jeju Island was investigated. Of the 14 strains of 12 species of microorganisms tested, the extract exhibited antimicrobial activity observed against seven Gram-positive bacteria of four species, but not against six Gram-negative bacteria and a yeast strain. Using the disc diffusion method, the diameter of the inhibition zone increased with application of the extract with every strain and the highest growth inhibition was exhibited with Staphylococcus aureus KCTC 1916 at 5 mg/ml. The minimal inhibitory concentration of the extract (MIC) by turbidity was 2.5 mg/ml against Bacillus cereus KACC 12672 and 15 mg/ml when with Enterococcus faecalis KCTC 3206. The minimum bacterial concentration (MBC) values defined as being $${\geq_-}99.9%$$ reduction in viable cells against the tested strains was higher than the MIC values. Time killing curves using the optimum MIC were performed on seven strains incubated for 48 hr. The growth of B. cereus KACC 12672 was detected after 12 hr and no significant growth was found in the others strains after 48 hr (p<0.05). The 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging activity of the ethanol leaf extract was similar to that of butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) at the same concentration. These results indicate that leaf extract of D. morbiferus Lev. can be utilized as a natural preservative and an antioxidant.

• 식물조직배양학회지
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.361-367
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• 1997

담배(Nicotiana tabacum cv. BY4)의 이배체식물과 담배의 약으로부터 유도된 반수체식물의 잎절편을 사용하여 2.4-D를 단독톄처리하여 캘러스를 유도하였다. 캘러스증식은 이배체에서는 2.0 mg/L 2.4-D와 1.0mg/L 카이네틴의 조합처리구에서, 반수체의 경우에 있어서는 2.0mg/L 2.4-D와 0.1mg/L BAP 조합처리구에서 실시하였으며, 현탁배양도 동일조건으로 실시하였다. 현탁배양 세포괴를 배양 15-20일째가 되면 0.8% low melting agarose와 혼합하여 카드a뮴이 0-2,000 $\mu$M의 농도로 처리된 선발배지에 평판배양하여 카드뮴저항성 colony(cell clump)를 조사관찰하였다. 그 결과 본 실험에서는 이배체는 세포의 성장에 있어서 최하저해농도(MIC : Minimum Inhibition Concentration)는 Cd$^{++}$ 300 $\mu$M이었으며 반수체는 Cd$^{++}$ 200 $\mu$M이었다. 이때 반수체 및 이배체의 MIC에서 선발된 세포주를 카드뮴 500, 1,000, 2,000 $\mu$M 농도로 옳겨 경화시킨 후 카드뮴저항성을 선발하였고 그 특성을 조사하였다. 그 결과 카드뮴 저항성을 띤 반수체 및 이배체유래 캘러스의 경우에는 각각 카드a뮴의 농도가 증가할수록 생중량은 감소하였으나, 건조중량은 오히려 증가하였다. 그리고 각각 선발된 세포주내의 카드뮴의 함량을 AAS를 사용하여 측정하였던 바, 카드뮴의 농도가 높을수록 캘러스에 축적된 카드뮴의 양이 높게 나타났다.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.212-218
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• 2005

Most of cosmetics are emulsion products that contain the source of nutrition vegetable oil, mineral oil, natural extract and carbohydrate etc. There are many possibilities to be contaminated by microbials. We investigated the effect of antimicrobial and minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC) with thiamine dilauryl sulfate(TDS), which was prepared to use cosmetic lotion formulation. Staphylococcus aureus(S. aureus) and Escherichia col(E. coli) were used as test organism. MIC value of TDS was determined aganist microorganism for the growth inhibition by concentration of TDS. From the MIC results, antimicrobial effect of TDS was generally more effective to gram positive than gram negative. Antimicrobial effect with pH value against some microorganism appeared in the following order : pH 5 > pH 6 > pH 7. It showed strong antimicrobial activities against S. aureus, and weak antimicrobial activities against E. coli. If it was possible to determine the formulations with TDS, it would be effective to reduce the artificial preservatives.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.75-81
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• 2009

This study was carried out to assess the antilisterial potential of ethyl acetate (EtOAc) extract of a marine isolate of Aspergillus sp. The in vitro antilisterial efficacy of ethyl acetate extract was examined using disc diffusion, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) determination, cell viable count and scanning electron microscopic (SEM) methods against the employed strains of Listeria monocytogenus. The ethyl acetate extract ($300{\mu}g\;disc^{-1}$) exhibited a promising antilisterial effect as diameters of inhibition zones against L. monocytogenes ATCC 19111, 19116, 19118, 19166 and 15313, which were found in the range of 11-17 mm along with their MIC values ranging from 125 to $1000{\mu}g\;ml^{-1}$ respectively. Also the EtOAc extract had strong detrimental effect on the viable count of the tested L. monocytogens ATCC 19166. Furthermore, scanning electron microscopic (SEM) study demonstrated potential detrimental effect of ethyl acetate extract on the morphology of L. monocytogenes ATCC 19116 at the used MIC concentration. These findings strongly support the role of ethyl acetate extract of a marine isolate of Aspergillus sp. as an antiliterial potential.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.9-18
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• 2018

Objectives: Pleurotus eryngii is used both for edible and medicinal purposes, and has a physiological activity. The purpose of this study is to investigate the antibacterial effect of Pleurotus eryngii against six oral pathogens (Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus criceti, Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus ratti, Streptococcus sobrinus, and Actinomyces viscosus). Methods: The antibacterial activities of various extracts of Pleurotus eryngii were examined by disc diffusion assay and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). The disc diffusion assay was performed by putting a paper disc soaked in extracts on plates inoculated bacterial cultures. The MIC of these extracts was determined by using a broth microdilution assay at a concentration ranging between 0.03 mg/ml to 15.00 mg/ml. The growth inhibition effect of extracts was measured at 600 nm for 24 hrs. Results: The antibacterial activity was confirmed against all six tested bacteria at Pleurotus eryngii ethyl acetate extract by the disc diffusion method. Acetone extract showed the antibacterial activity only against 4 strains containing Streptococcus criceti, Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus ratti, and Actinomyces viscosus. In ethanol extract, no activity was observed against other strains except Staphylococcus aureus. MIC values of ethyl acetate extract were the same, 7.50 mg/ml in all tested bacteria. Conclusions: Pleurotus eryngii exhibited the antibacterial activity against oral pathogens (Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus criceti, Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus ratti, Streptococcus sobrinus, and Actinomyces viscosus). Thus, Pleurotus eryngii may be considered as a natural antibacterial agent for treatment of dental diseases.