• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.8
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• pp.509-518
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• 2020

This study investigates, first, whether the extent of corporate social and environmental responsibility disclosure (CSERD) differs between 2010 and 2014; second, whether government regulation affects the extent of CSERD; and, third, whether the CSERD is valued by investors. Content analysis method was used to extract 466 companies' annual reports to measure the extent of social and environmental responsibility disclosure based on the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) checklist. Independent sample t-test and multivariate regression analysis were also conducted to test the differences of the extent of CSERD as well as determinants and consequence of CSERD. Our results show that the extent of CSERD in 2014 is 21.60 percent higher than in 2010 (13.39 percent). Government regulation has a significant effect on the extent of CSERD. This study also finds that market values positively CSER information disclosed by company. Given that government regulation has a positive impact, however, the findings of this study suggests that the extent of CSERD is still low. To enhance CSERD, government should continuously encourage companies to abide by the regulations as mandated. This study provides a more comprehensive insights of CSRED practices from an emerging country and the effect of government regulation in enhancing CSERD.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.195-206
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• 2006

Purpose: As Koryo Hand Therapy is generally referenced by a manual, we made a database system to ease. Method: Using the basic theory of Koryo Hand Therapy with the System Development Life Cycle (SDLC), we tested, analyzed, designed and implemented the system and constructed a database system with MS Access according to the symptoms. Results: We constructed the database system of Handing and the symptoms of Koryo Hand Therapy in 3 parts (Basic Data Management, Disorder Therapy Management, Report) for easy management. This database system will be useful for general users to protect, promote and measure their health. The structured database system was valued on the basis of the students basic knowledge of Koryo Hand Therapy. As a result, 80% of the respondents answered that the "system is well structured", 78% that "it's convenient to search", and 87% that "it's helpful for self health management". Conclusion: These study results provides people with information on the basic treatment of symptoms for the self health protection and promotion with Koryo Hand Therapy by constructing a database.

• Honam Mathematical Journal
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.179-200
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• 2013

Let $C[0,t]$ denote the function space of all real-valued continuous paths on $[0,t]$. Define $X_n:C[0,t]{\rightarrow}\mathbb{R}^{n+1}$ by $Xn(x)=(x(t_0),x(t_1),{\cdots},x(t_n))$, where $0=t_0$ < $t_1$ < ${\cdots}$ < $t_n$ < $t$ is a partition of $[0,t]$. In the present paper, using a simple formula for the conditional expectation given the conditioning function $X_n$, we evaluate the $L_p(1{\leq}p{\leq}{\infty})$-analytic conditional Fourier-Feynman transform and the conditional convolution product of the cylinder functions which have the form $$f((v_1,x),{\cdots},(v_r,x))\;for\;x{\in}C[0,t]$$, where {$v_1,{\cdots},v_r$} is an orthonormal subset of $L_2[0,t]$ and $f{\in}L_p(\mathbb{R}^r)$. We then investigate several relationships between the conditional Fourier-Feynman transform and the conditional convolution product of the cylinder functions.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.1106-1112
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• 2010

One of the considerations in weapon systems procurement is the objective of maximizing the current force. Also, offensive effects, rather than defense are valued in weapons system development and procurement. Especially, the survivability of a naval ship is equally important as the offensive effect of onboard weapons. In case of naval ships, development of attack tactics and research regarding damage minimization must be conducted through live fire exercise against actual targets in order to minimize damage from the enemy. However, it is difficult to conduct such adequate measures due to realistic limitations such as time and budget in order to verify and calculate a weapon system's attack and damage effects along with the lack of practical studies in this subject despite numerous interests. Research are being conducted utilizing M&S to estimate attack effects and study damages due to such reason, but the lack of authoritative data and development ability are limiting calculation of reliable results. Therefore, this study will propose a measure to increase survivability of a weapon system(ship/vessel) utilizing research of vulnerability from enemy attacks analysis method against a naval ship(Craft Air Cushion).

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2010.05a
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• pp.452-456
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• 2010

Water is an indispensable input to human's existence and industrial production. In these days, people are getting more concerned about their health and the interest in the safety of drinking water has increased. In this situation, this paper attempts to measure the economic benefits of the tap water quality improvement. The study area was restricted to Busan, the second largest city in Korea, where local government is planning to implement a tap water quality improvement program. We apply a one-and-one-half bounded dichotomous choice contingent valuation (CV) method to obtain at least a preliminary evaluation of the benefits. CV is developed for valuing goods or services that cannot be valued either directly or indirectly from market observations and has been applied to several environmental goods. The CV survey was rigorously designed to comply with the guidelines for best-practiced CV studies. We surveyed a randomly selected sample of 400 households in Busan and asked respondents questions in person-to-person interviews about how they would be willing to pay for the water quality improvement. Respondents overall accepted the contingent market and were willing to contribute a significant amount (US$1.66), on average, per household per month. We can also calculate the aggregate value of the program which improves the water quality in Busan. This study is expected to provide policy-makers with useful information for evaluating and planning environmental policies relating specifically to water.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.684-694
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to provide the basics of effective Fisheries and Merchant Marine High School education by analyzing Fisheries and Merchant Marine High School students' perceptions about their educational environment and school education. To achieve the purpose of this research, the study carried out a survey targeting 350 Fisheries and Merchant Marine High School students. The findings are as follows: First, the perceptions about instructions of department is generally positive. And they demand expansion of practice instruction. Second, the perceptions about curriculum is generally positive. And they demand field-experience learning. Third, the perceptions about school management and administration is generally positive. But they dissatisfied with considering their opinion about school management and administration. Fourth, the perceptions about counselling and personality guidance is generally positive. And the efforts to stop school violence are valued most positive. But the satisfaction in club activities is relatively low, so we need to come up with measure to increase club activities.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.14 no.12
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• pp.973-988
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• 2014

This study investigated one of the contemporary issues in the Korean capital market and two hypotheses of concern were tested on the financial determinants of profitability for the firms belonging to the Korean chaebols during the era of the post-global financial turmoil. The first hypothesis applying conditional quantile regression (CQR) estimation provided the evidence that leverage ratio, fixed asset utilization, and foreign ownership among the nine quantitative explanatory variables, had overall statistical significance relative to the book-valued profitability measure, while additional variables such as a firm's size, fixed and a proxy for the type of exchange market showed their strong impacts on the market-valued profitability indicator. Concerning the formulated 'extended' DuPont system, only two components of EBITDAEBIT and EMULTIPLIER revealed their prominent influence on ROE (Return on Equity) over the two tested periods (the years 2008 and 2012).

• Strategy21
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• s.42
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• pp.318-346
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• 2017

Currently, security environmental instability is getting worse than ever in the East Asia including to Republic of Korea(ROK). Unlike several conventional issues such as maritime dispute -sometimes with islands- and competitions for getting natural resources, contemporary security dilemma issues followed by arms races among states deepens the power gap between strong and weak state within the region. It is notable that the arms races is the East Asia are mainly focused on naval power. As navy is the very possible force that influences neighboring states, submarine power is usually valued for its nature of stealth, mobile and aggression. Moreover, the submarine power is believed to be one of the highest valued weapon system since it shows actual effectiveness for influencing the other states while avoiding direct military conflicts compared to surface power. As a result, all states within the region are accelerating for getting such power these days. Japan, Most of all, is one of the leading state that aims to ensure self-survival and enlarge military influences under the US-Japan alliance by decisively supporting its power to the American containment strategy against China. In this regard, such movement surely sill influence on ROK both directly and indirectly as we sue the common field, the sea. Though, it has lots of restrictions for us to confront them with military forces as such confrontations within US-led alliances is not desirable upon considering current China and nK threats. As a result, ROK needs to limit the realm of alliance within the region while maintaining ROK-US alliance for getting national interests with both legal and justice superiority against Japan. This paper, as a result, is focused on suggesting the way to utilize submarines as a mean of naval power for both current security environments and the rising maritime threats in the East Asia. I concluded to participate ROK submarines in US-led military strategy against China by dispatching them into the East-China Sea and the North-East area of the Korean peninsula to protect both national interests and justice at the same tome. It should be one of the preemptive measure for confronting with neighboring states by utilizing strategic benefits of submarines while strengthening ROK-US alliances upon participating American Containment Strategy against China.

• Journal of the Chungcheong Mathematical Society
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.323-342
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• 2013

Let $C[0,t]$ denote the function space of all real-valued continuous paths on $[0,t]$. Define $Xn:C[0,t]{\rightarrow}\mathbb{R}^{n+1}$ and $X_{n+1}:C[0,t]{\rightarrow}\mathbb{R}^{n+2}$ by $X_n(x)=(x(t_0),x(t_1),{\cdots},x(t_n))$ and $X_{n+1}(x)=(x(t_0),x(t_1),{\cdots},x(t_n),x(t_{n+1}))$, where $0=t_0$ < $t_1$ < ${\cdots}$ < $t_n$ < $t_{n+1}=t$. In the present paper, using simple formulas for the conditional expectations with the conditioning functions $X_n$ and $X_{n+1}$, we evaluate the $L_p(1{\leq}p{\leq}{\infty})$-analytic conditional Fourier-Feynman transforms and the conditional convolution products of the functions which have the form $${\int}_{L_2[0,t]}{{\exp}\{i(v,x)\}d{\sigma}(v)}{{\int}_{\mathbb{R}^r}}\;{\exp}\{i{\sum_{j=1}^{r}z_j(v_j,x)\}dp(z_1,{\cdots},z_r)$$ for $x{\in}C[0,t]$, where $\{v_1,{\cdots},v_r\}$ is an orthonormal subset of $L_2[0,t]$ and ${\sigma}$ and ${\rho}$ are the complex Borel measures of bounded variations on $L_2[0,t]$ and $\mathbb{R}^r$, respectively. We then investigate the inverse transforms of the function with their relationships and finally prove that the analytic conditional Fourier-Feynman transforms of the conditional convolution products for the functions, can be expressed in terms of the products of the conditional Fourier-Feynman transforms of each function.

• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.50 no.5
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• pp.1105-1127
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• 2013

Let C[0, $t$] denote the function space of real-valued continuous paths on [0, $t$]. Define $X_n\;:\;C[0,t]{\rightarrow}\mathbb{R}^{n+1}$ and $X_{n+1}\;:\;C[0,t]{\rightarrow}\mathbb{R}^{n+2}$ by $X_n(x)=(x(t_0),x(t_1),{\ldots},x(t_n))$ and $X_{n+1}(x)=(x(t_0),x(t_1),{\ldots},x(t_n),x(t_{n+1}))$, respectively, where $0=t_0 <; t_1 <{\ldots} < t_n < t_{n+1}=t$. In the present paper, using simple formulas for the conditional expectations with the conditioning functions $X_n$ and $X_{n+1}$, we evaluate the $L_p(1{\leq}p{\leq}{\infty})$-analytic conditional Fourier-Feynman transforms and the conditional convolution products of the functions, which have the form $fr((v_1,x),{\ldots},(v_r,x)){\int}_{L_2}_{[0,t]}\exp\{i(v,x)\}d{\sigma}(v)$ for $x{\in}C[0,t]$, where $\{v_1,{\ldots},v_r\}$ is an orthonormal subset of $L_2[0,t]$, $f_r{\in}L_p(\mathbb{R}^r)$, and ${\sigma}$ is the complex Borel measure of bounded variation on $L_2[0,t]$. We then investigate the inverse conditional Fourier-Feynman transforms of the function and prove that the analytic conditional Fourier-Feynman transforms of the conditional convolution products for the functions can be expressed by the products of the analytic conditional Fourier-Feynman transform of each function.