• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.397-420
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• 2011

In this paper we study the structure of closed weakly dense ideals in Privalov spaces $N^p$ (1 < p < $\infty$) of holomorphic functions on the disk $\mathbb{D}$ : |z| < 1. The space $N^p$ with the topology given by Stoll's metric [21] becomes an F-algebra. N. Mochizuki [16] proved that a closed ideal in $N^p$ is a principal ideal generated by an inner function. Consequently, a closed subspace E of $N^p$ is invariant under multiplication by z if and only if it has the form $IN^p$ for some inner function I. We prove that if $\cal{M}$ is a closed ideal in $N^p$ that is dense in the weak topology of $N^p$, then $\cal{M}$ is generated by a singular inner function. On the other hand, if $S_{\mu}$ is a singular inner function whose associated singular measure $\mu$ has the modulus of continuity $O(t^{(p-1)/p})$, then we prove that the ideal $S_{\mu}N^p$ is weakly dense in $N^p$. Consequently, for such singular inner function $S_{\mu}$, the quotient space $N^p/S_{\mu}N^p$ is an F-space with trivial dual, and hence $N^p$ does not have the separation property.

• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.57 no.2
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• pp.429-441
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• 2020

Let M(X, Y) denote the space of multipliers from X to Y, where X and Y are analytic function spaces. As we known, for Dirichlet-type spaces 𝓓_α^p, M(𝓓_p-1^p, 𝓓_q-1^q) = {0}, if p ≠ q, 0 < p, q < ∞. If 0 < p, q < ∞, p ≠ q, 0 < s < 1 such that p + s, q + s > 1, then M(𝓓_p-2+s^p, 𝓓_q-2+s^q) = {0}. However, X ∩ 𝓓_p-1^p ⊆ X ∩ 𝓓_q-1^q and X ∩ 𝓓_p-2+s^p ⊆ X ∩ 𝓓_q-2+s^p whenever X is a subspace of the Bloch space 𝓑 and 0 < p ≤ q < ∞. This says that the set of multipliers M(X ∩ 𝓓 _p-2+s^p, X∩𝓓_q-2+s^q) is nontrivial. In this paper, we study the multipliers M(X ∩ 𝓓_p-2+s^p, X ∩ 𝓓_q-2+s^q) for distinct classical subspaces X of the Bloch space 𝓑, where X = 𝓑, BMOA or 𝓗^∞.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.21-30
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• 2007

`Desire` in this study is not something desire in the used to be-way we can deal with it. This study is to figure out 'desire structure' of interior architecture as a significant measure to interpret the Lacan's desire theory. It is also examines Lacan's concept of desire as defined in the mechanisms of language, in relation to architecture and interior architecture, and in the concept of the objet a(the unattainable object of desire), in the structure of desire as it can be seen in interior architecture. In particular, it analyzed that the desire structure have influenced on some kind of specific desire types what is expressed a characteristic to interior spaces of intimacy, perpetuity, representation, expression. These types reveal the characteristics of desire structure in inner space of interior architecture through negativing and fantasying. The focus on the structure becomes a major issue in almost many kinds of contemporary knowledge-system that starts from the mind to go out to the space in a material or non-meterial(spiritual) way. Therefore, the desire structure reconstructs the Real to make itself through negative and fantastic creation-process. It is important that desire characteristics help detect behind beneath the singularity of interior spaces more than what we know.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.30 no.5 s.112
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• pp.268-273
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• 2005

This study was conducted to investigate the specificities of four fulcrum types for geo-statistical analysis of elevation within rice paddy field. In Korea, the spaces between inter-rows and between hills for rice transplanting are 30cm and 11cm to 14cm, respectively. So, the size and shape of fulcrum for field elevation measurement should be considered according to the inter-row and the hill spaces. Four kinds of fulcrum were chosen such as round-shape with 2.5cm diameter, circular-shape with 10cm diameter, 10cm (one third of inter-row space) by 24cm (double of hill space) rectangular-shape, and 20cm (two-thirds of inter-row space) by 24cm rectangular-shape. The resulting descriptive statistics couldn't determine the best fulcrum type to measure the rice paddy field elevation. But the results of geo-statistical analysis could determine the best fulcrum type. In the case of 10cm by 24cm rectangular-shape fulcrum, Nugget and range, meaning measurement error and/or noise, and limit of spatial connection, respectively, were minimum; Q value meaning weight of spatial structure and $r^2$ value were minimum, and residual sum of squares was minimum. It means that 10cm by 24 cm rectangular-shape fulcrum could best describe the rice paddy field elevation.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.481-493
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• 2011

As the development of mobile devices, mobile phones are equipped with many features. Video-call feature is one of them. In this paper, we present distance measurement between speaker and smart-phone using multiple color spaces and multiple thresholds. first, detect face based on skin color information. and second, measure distance between speaker and smart-phone using the detected face region. Especially, the first considering point in the development of face area detection is real-time processing and the second point is robustness to solve the problems of face detection errors due to rapid change of object movement, lighting and background between adjacent frames.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.283-299
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• 2014

Skin detection is used in many applications, such as face recognition, hand tracking, and human-computer interaction. There are many skin color detection algorithms that are used to extract human skin color regions that are based on the thresholding technique since it is simple and fast for computation. The efficiency of each color space depends on its robustness to the change in lighting and the ability to distinguish skin color pixels in images that have a complex background. For more accurate skin detection, we are proposing a new threshold based on RGB and YUV color spaces. The proposed approach starts by converting the RGB color space to the YUV color model. Then it separates the Y channel, which represents the intensity of the color model from the U and V channels to eliminate the effects of luminance. After that the threshold values are selected based on the testing of the boundary of skin colors with the help of the color histogram. Finally, the threshold was applied to the input image to extract skin parts. The detected skin regions were quantitatively compared to the actual skin parts in the input images to measure the accuracy and to compare the results of our threshold to the results of other's thresholds to prove the efficiency of our approach. The results of the experiment show that the proposed threshold is more robust in terms of dealing with the complex background and light conditions than others.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.201-220
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• 2014

This study examines user satisfaction and information behavior of information commons in the National Digital Library (NDL) of Korea through survey method. It analyzed service quality factors that affect the overall user satisfaction, and users' information behavior according to the physical spaces/facilities in the information commons. User satisfaction factors were developed to measure library satisfaction in all aspects of the eleven physical spaces/facilities of information commons service, and information behavior on eleven physical spaces/facilities in information commons were explored by users' character. According to survey findings, overall level of user satisfaction was maintained highly since the beginning of NDL. In particular, the facility of 'Productivity Computer Cluster' was ranked highest as 83.8 and the 'UCC Studio' was ranked lowest as 70.8 among the eleven facilities in information commons.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.215-228
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• 2017

Taking a look at recent trends of port cities, many port cities in the world have been shedding new light on the function being kept by existing port spaces, caused by changes of industrial structure according to the stream of the times, developments of surrounding areas, and etc., and we can see that its meaning also has been changing. However, in case of domestic port spaces they are in the real situation not responding to those movements quickly. Therefore, unlike the existing zoning system dividing functionally urban spaces according to use simply, in this study FBCs getting the timelight recently as a system capable of reflecting spatial characteristics at the maximum have been utilized as a measure for solving current problems of urban spaces. The purpose of this study is to propose the direction of urban planning approach that harmonizes the whole harbor space by strengthening the interlinkage between heterogeneous spaces of port area and port area using FBCs. FBCs are institutional devices that are proposed and implemented in the United States to reflect the unique characteristics of the space, that is, the location and the uniqueness, and the pedestrian-oriented space planning.

• Transactions of the Korean hydrogen and new energy society
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.491-499
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• 2014

It is important to accurately measure and control the relative humidity of humidified gas entering a PEM (polymer electrolyte membrane) fuel cell stack because the level of humidification strongly affects the performance and durability of the stack. Humidity measurement devices can be used to directly measure the relative humidity, but they cost much to be equipped and occupy spaces in a fuel cell system. We present soft sensors for predicting the relative humidity without actual humidity measuring devices. By combining FIR (finite impulse response) model with PLS (partial least square) and SVM (support vector machine) regression models, DPLS (dynamic PLS) and DSVM (dynamic SVM) soft sensors were developed to correctly estimate the relative humidity of humidified gases exiting a planar-type membrane humidifier. The DSVM soft sensor showed a better prediction performance than the DPLS one because it is able to capture nonlinear correlations between the relative humidity and the input data of the soft sensors. Without actual humidity sensors, the soft sensors presented in this work can be used to monitor and control the humidity in operation of PEM fuel cell systems.

• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.823-855
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• 1996

We study Dirichlet forms and the associated diffusion processes for the Gibbs measures related to the quantum unbounded spin systems (lattice boson systems) interacting via superstable and regular potentials. This work is a continuation of the author's previous study on the classical systems [LPY] to the quantum cases. In [LPY], we constructed Dirichlet forms and the associated diffusion processes for the Gibbs measures of classical unbounded spin systems. Furthermore, we also showed the essential self-adjointness of the Dirichlet operator and the log-Sobolev inequality for any Gibbs measure under appropriate conditions on the potentials. In this atudy we try to extend the results of the classical systems to the quantum cases. Because of some technical difficulties, we are only able to construct a Dirichlet form and the associated diffusion process for any Gibbs measure of the quantum systems. We utilize the general scheme of the previous work on the theory in infinite dimensional spaces [AH-K1-2, AKR, AR1-2, Kus, MR, Ro, Sch] and the ideas we employed in our study of the calssical systems ]LPY].