• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.1534-1542
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• 2007

In this study, the liver protective effect of the hot water extracts of Scutellaria radix (SR) was investigated. The SR exhibited a hepatoprotective activity against $CCl_4$-induced liver damage in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats and Chang cell. And the SR also showed significant decrease of malodialdehyde (MDA) and increase of glutathion (GSH), catalase activity in rat liver homogenate. The expression of cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1), measured by RT-PCR and western blot, was significantly decreased in the SR treated SD rats and Chang cell. But $CCl_4$ and SR has no significant effect on 1A1 and 3A1 isoform of cytochrome P450. Based on these findings, it is suggested that hepatoprotective effects of SR possibly related to antioxidative effects and downregulation of CYP2E1 expression.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.54-60
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• 2000

To investigate the effects of Oenanthe javanica sap (OJS) on plasma lipid composition, several biochemical parameters such as total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglyceride, GOT, GPT and malodialdehyde were compared in the four groups as follows: a normal group with basal diet, a control group with high-fat diet, a treatment group with high-fat diet and OJS 1 ml/kg, and the other treatment group with high-fat diet and OJS 1.5 mg/kg. In addition, the body weight change, food intake and food efficiency ratios were measured. In this study, treatment groups decreased plasma total cholesterol levels.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.620-627
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• 2011

We evaluated the hepatoprotective activity of crude hot-water extracts of the traditional Korean medicinal herb, Phellodendri Cortex (PC; Bark of Phellodendron amurense RUPR.), in an experimental model of hepatic damage induced by carbon tetrachloride ($CCl_4$). The serum marker of liver damage, sGOT, sGPT and sALP, were significantly decreased in the liver of the PC treated rats, compared with that of $CCl_4$ treated group. The histological observation of liver section of rats, showed the same protective effect of PC treatment. And the protective activity of PC was more significant in the post-treated group than pre-treated group. The significant decrease of malodialdehyde and increase of glutathion, catalase activity were observed in the liver homogenate of PC treated rats. Based on these findings, it is suggested that PC has potent hepatoprotective effects and the mechanism of the protection may be related to antioxidation pathways.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.775-781
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• 2003

In this study, we investigated to elevate the modulatory effect of flavonoid(fustin, sulfuretin, 10 mg/kg) which was isolated from Rhus verniciflua Stokes(RVS) in male Sprague-Dawley rats for 2 weeks on the toxicity of paraquat. In the flavonoids pretreated groups, glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, glutamic pyruvic transaminase, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, malondialdehyde and alkaline phosphatase activity in serum and malondialdehyde, alkaline phosphatase activity and collagen in lung tissue which was induced paraquat toxicity were slightly decrease compared to the normal group. In the lung tissue of flavonoids pretreated groups, malodialdehyde value, G-6-phosphatase activity and collagen synthesis were recovered to tile normal values and alkaline phosphatase activity was increased. From these results, we concluded that flavonoids which were isolated from RVS is an effective agent to inhibit the pulmonary and internal toxicities and hence we concluded that acitive components of fustin and sulfuretin which were isolated from RVS might be removed free radicals induced by paraquat.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.1415-1423
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• 2007

Carbon tetrachloride ($CCl_4$)-induced liver injury depends on a toxic agent that has to be metabolized by the liver NAPDH-cytochrome P450 enzyme system to a highly reactive intermediate. Alternations in the activity of cytochrome P450 enzymes affect the susceptibility to hepatic injury from $CCl_4$. In this study, we evaluated the potential protective activity of the traditional Korean medicinal herb, Corni fructus (CF), against an experimental model of hepatotoxicity induced by $CCl_4$. The CF exhibited a hepatoprotective activity against $CCl_4-induced$ liver damage in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats, as measured by GOT, GPT, ALP and histological observation. The CF also showed significant decrease of malodialdehyde (MDA) and increase of glutathion (GSH), catalase activity in rat liver homogenate. In addition, the expression of CYP2E1, as measured by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot analysis, was significantly decreased in the liver of CF treated SD rats. But $CCl_4$ and CF has no significant effect on 1A1 and 3A1 isoform of cytochrome P450. Based on these findings, it is suggested that hepatoprotective effects of CF possibly related to antioxidative effects and regulation of CYP2E1 expression.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.215-220
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• 2001

Biochemical responses of rice to the flooding stress with different water turbidities and flooding time were evaluated. About 20% decrease of soluble protein was occurred with flooding stress. The decreasing rate was higher as flooding time and higher turbidity increased. Especially, dramatic decrease of soluble protein content was observed after 36 hrs of flooding. No protein subunit change was found before and after flooding. However, subunit product of 53 Kd increased from the beginning of flooding and subunit of 28 Kd was increased 48 hrs and 54 hrs after flooding. Lipid peroxidation increased about 150% by flooding. There was no significant difference in lipid peroxidation between clear and sub-muddy water, However, the lipid peroxidation was increased up to 180% at 60hrs of flooding. The malondialdehyde content (MDA) was higher in muddy water at the beginning of flooding and increased about 190-200% 36 hrs after flooding. Catalase activity increased with increasing turbidity and flooding time. Forty eight hours of flooding time provided a criteria for dramatic increase of catalase activity. In general, increase of saturated fatty acids and decrease of unsaturated fatty acids occurred with flooding treatment. Among unsaturated fatty acids, monounsaturated increased and polyunsaturated decreased. Double bond index(DBI) decreased as flooding time was extended and turbidity increased.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.370-378
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• 2020

This study aimed to investigate the hepatoprotective effect of Dendropanax morbifera (D. morbifera) leaf hot-water extract on carbon tetrachloride (CCl₄)-treated HepG2 cells. Treatment with D. morbifera leaf hot-water extract increased the cell viability of CCl₄-treated HepG2 cells without inducing cytotoxicity. The levels of alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) released by CCl₄-treated cells were 27.6 U/L and 52.4 U/L, respectively, and were significantly higher than those in untreated control cells (10.0 U/L and 15.2 U/L, respectively). Moreover, the level of γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) was 5.4 times higher, while that of glutathione was 44.0% lower in CCl₄-treated cells than in control cells. However, treatment with D. morbifera leaf hot-water extract resulted in a dose-dependent decrease in the levels of ALT, AST, and GGT, and an increase in the level of glutathione. Moreover, the malondialdehyde (MDA) content in CCl₄-treated HepG2 cells was effectively reduced after treatment with D. morbifera leaf hot-water extract. Additionally, overproduction of intracellular lipids induced by CCl₄ treatment was effectively inhibited by D. morbifera leaf hot-water extract treatment. Furthermore, DCFDA staining showed that overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced by CCl₄ treatment was effectively reduced by treatment with D. morbifera leaf hot-water extract. Our results indicate that owing to its beneficial effects, D. morbifera leaf extract has considerable potential as a functional food material for liver protection.