• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.653-662
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• 1999

In this paper, subharmonically injection locked oscillator(SILO) was designed and measured. SILO with series feedback was designed using Two Signal Method(TSM). The free-running oscillator frequency was 9.4 GHz with 6 dBm output power. In case of injection, the multiplied injected signal locked the free-running frequency. The locked signal output power was higher than any other spurious response at least 40 dB. The locking range was 220MHz (second subharmonic locking), 100 MHz(4th subharmonic locking), and phase noise was -111 dBc/Hz, -104 dBc/Hz at 100kHz offset, respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics A
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• v.32A no.1
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• pp.119-128
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• 1995

We report hybrid and passive mode-locking results of tilted-stripe AlGaAs semiconductor laser traveling wave amplifiers with saturable absorbers. Dependence ofthe pulse width on the mode locking frequency, the bandwidth of spectral filters, and the bias current of the laser amplifier are investigated. We generate 4 ps optical pulses by using the hybrid mode locking technique. The repetition rate and the peak power of generated pulses are 516 MHz and 170 mW, respectively. The tuning range of uor mode locked laser is 10 nm with the center wavelength of 780 nm. We also generate 2.6 ps optical pulses with peak power of 830 mW by using the passive mode locking technique.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.42 no.11
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• pp.9-16
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• 2005

This paper proposes a programmable PLL (phase locked loop) based clock generator supporting a wide-range-frequency input and output for high performance and low power SoC with multiple clock frequencies domains. The propose system reduces the locking time and obtains a wide range operation frequency by using a dual-charge pumps scheme. For low power operation of a chip, the locking processing circuits of the proposed PLL doesn't be working in the standby mode but the locking data are retained by the DAC. Also, a tracking ADC is designed for the fast relocking operation after stand-by mode exit. The programmable output frequency selection's circuit are designed for supporting a optimized DFS operation according to job tasks. The proposed PLL-based clock system has a relock time range of $0.85{\mu}sec{\sim}1.3{\mu}sec$($24\~26$cycle) with 2.3V power supply, which is fabricated on $0.35{\mu}m$ CMOS Process. At power-down mode, PLL power saves more than $95\%$ of locking mode. Also, the PLL using programmable divider has a wide locking range ($81MHz\~556MHz$) for various clock domains on a multiple IPs system.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.117-122
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• 2012

Purpose: To assess the effectiveness of internal fixation using a precontoured locking compression plate for the treatment of the displaced clavicle fracture by analyzing both radiological and clinical outcomes. Materials and Methods: We reviewed 34 cases of displaced clavicle shaft fracture treated by internal fixation using precontoured locking compression plates between May 2009 and February 2010. Radiological outcomes were analized on the basis of bone union and the differences between the time for bone union depending on sex and age. Clinical outcomes were analyzed on the basis of quick DASH Scores and the differences in the range of motion of the affected shoulder compared to the contralateral shoulder. Results: In the radiological evaluation, all fractures showed bone union, and the average time for bone union was 12.3 weeks, without delayed unions. Time for bone union did not differ significantly with respect to sex and age (p=0.87). In the clinical evaluation, the average final quick DASH Score was 23.5 (range, 12~42). At final follow up, the range of motion after bone union in the affected shoulder was not significantly different from that of the contralateral shoulder (p=0.69). Conclusion: The internal fixation achieved using precontoured locking compression plate in displaced clavicle shaft fracture showed effective bone union and can be considered as a reliable method with fine clinical results showing early range of motion at the shoulder joint.

• 한국ITS학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2010.05a
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• pp.92-95
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• 2010

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics A
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• v.32A no.8
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• pp.133-139
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• 1995

In this paper, the frequency separation locking and interval stabilization of 4-channel DFB-LDs have been demonstrated using a fiber Fabry-Perot filter with an free spectral range of 100GHz. Frequency fluctuation and locking range of each channel were appeared to be within 15MHz and over 12GHz, respectively. Back-reflection curve from the fiber Fabry-Perot filter was used for the extraction of an error signal in order to increase the number of accomodable channels and extinction ratio.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.21 no.12
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• pp.3286-3292
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• 1996

An experimental results of optical requency locked loop with DFB semiconductor laser as VCO are presented. Using quadricorrelator as frequency difference detector and frequency off-set locking technique with 1GHz reference frequency, frequency locking range of 140MHz was achieved. This paper reports the design and realization details of the loop.

• The Journal of the Korean bone and joint tumor society
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.80-86
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• 2010

Purpose: The skeleton is commonly affected by metastatic cancer. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the results of treating metastatic pathologic fractures in lower extremities using locking plates. Materials and Methods: Between 2004 and 2010, we evaluated 12 patients (13 cases) of metastatic pathologic fractures in lower extremities, treated with the locking plate. Mean patient age was 62.2 years (range, 50-81 years), the locations of the fractures were; proximal femur in 2 cases, femoral mid-shaft in 3, distal femur in 3, proximal tibia in 4, and distal tibia in 1 case. The interval to wheelchair ambulation, pain relief and complications were evaluated. Additionally, we assessed operation time and postoperative blood loss. Results: Mean time from operation to wheelchair ambulation was 3.2 days (range, 1-6 days). Mean VAS scores improved from a preoperative score of 8.1 points (range, 7-9 points) to a score of 2.7 points (range, 2-4 points) at 1 week postoperatively. No early complications associated with surgery were encountered. Mean operation time was 88.4 minutes (range, 70-105 minutes), and mean postoperative blood loss was 246.5 ml (range, 130-320 ml). Conclusion: Internal fixation of metastatic pathologic fractures using a locking plate in the lower extremity can be an effective treatment option in the meta- or diaphyseal area of long bones with massive bony destruction or poor bone stock by offering early ambulation, pain relief and low postoperative complications.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.142-145
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• 2005

In this paper, a new programmable DLL (delay locked loop) based clock synthesizer is proposed. DLL has several inherent advantages, such as no phase accumulation error, fast locking and easy integration of the loop filter. This paper proposes a new programmable DLL that includes a PFD(phase frequency detector), a LSI(lock status indicator), and a VCDL(voltage controlled delay line) to generate multiple clocks. It can generate clocks from 3 to 9 times of input clock with $2{\mu}s$ locking time. The proposed DLL operating in the frequency range of 300MHZ-900MHz is verified by the HSPICE simulation with a $0.35{\mu}m$ CMOS process.

• Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.19-24
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• 2020

Purpose: Anterolateral minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO) was performed to treat patients with distal tibial fractures associated with open fractures or extensive soft tissue injuries, which is limited medial MIPO. The treatment results of the anterolateral MIPO technique were evaluated and analyzed. Materials and Methods: Seventeen patients with distal tibial fractures associated with an open fracture or large bullae formation on the distal tibia medial side were treated with anterolateral MIPO using anterolateral locking plates. Within 24 hours of visiting the emergency room, external fixation was applied, and the medial side wound was managed. After damage control, the anterolateral locking plate was applied using an anterolateral MIPO technique. The union time, nonunion, or malunion were evaluated with regular postoperative radiographs. The ankle range of motion, operative time, blood loss, Iowa score, and wound complications were investigated. Results: Radiological evidence of bony union was obtained in all cases. The mean time to union was 16.7 weeks (12~25 weeks). The mean operation time was 44.0 minutes. Regarding the ankle range of motion, the mean dorsiflexion was 15°, and the mean plantarflexion was 35°. Satisfactory results were obtained in 15 out of 17 cases; five results were classified as excellent, four were good, and six were fair. The mean blood loss was 125.2 mL. Two complications were recorded. Conclusion: In distal tibial fractures with severe medial soft tissue damage caused by high-energy trauma, the staged anterolateral MIPO technique using anterolateral locking plates is a useful alternative treatment to achieving optimal wound care, rapid union with biological fixation, and intra-articular reduction.